Pitting Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Chloride-Containing Saturated Ca(OH)2 Solutions

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - Pitting formation in carbon steel in saturated Ca(OH)2 solutions containing different concentrations of added NaCl is studied...     

Active Monitoring of Thermal Insulation Protection Status of Pipelines

Refractories and Industrial Ceramics - The article discusses the temperature regimes of transit pipelines for steam and hot water movement. A new device for thermal insulation of high-temperature...     

Effect of the Sapphire-Nitridation Level and Nucleation-Layer Enrichment with Aluminum on the Structural Properties of AlN Layers

The effect of atomic aluminum deposited onto sapphire substrates with different nitridation levels on the quality of AlN layers grown by ammonia molecular-beam epitaxy is investigated. The nitridation of sapphire with the formation of ~1 monolayer of AlN is shown to ensure the growth of layers with a smoother surface and better crystal quality than in the case of the formation of a nitrided AlN layer with a thickness of ~2 monolayers. It is demonstrated that the change in the duration of exposure of nitrided substrates to the atomic aluminum flux does not significantly affect the parameters of subsequent AlN layers.     

The Role of the Charge State of Surface Atoms of a Metal Substrate in Doping of Quasi-Free-Standing Graphene

Technical Physics Letters - To determine the effect of a metal substrate on the electronic state of quasi-free-standing graphene, a simple model taking into account the presence of the double...     

2D SiC/Si Structure: Electron States and Adsorbability

Semiconductors - A model of a heterostructure consisting of a silicon-carbide single layer formed on a massive silicon substrate is proposed. The problem of the adsorption of alkali metal atoms and...     

Observation of localized centers with anomalous behavior in light-emitting heterostructures with multiple InGaN/GaN quantum wells

For the first time, using a complex of admittance spectroscopy, light-emitting heterostructures with InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells were studied in a wide temperature range of 6–300 K. Three peaks are found in the conductance spectra; these peaks correspond to emission of charge carriers from the quantum wells and point defects distributed in the semiconductor bulk. Two low-temperature peaks possess an anomalous behavior, specifically, the peak with a low value of apparent activation energy (17 meV) is shifted to higher temperatures compared with the higher-energy peak (30 meV). The latter is attributed to a bulk defect having anomalously large capture cross section σ _n = 1.5 × 10⁻¹¹ cm².     

Phosphate diabetes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

Phosphate depletion is associated with neuromuscular dysfunction due to changes in mitochondrial respiration that result in a defect of intracellular oxidative metabolism. Phosphate diabetes causes phosphate depletion due to abnormal renal re-absorption of phosphate be the proximal renal tubule. Most of the symptoms presented by patients with phosphate diabetes such as myalgia, fatigue and mild depression, are also common in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, but this differential diagnosis has not been considered. We investigated the possible association between chronic fatigue syndrome and phosphate diabetes in 87 patients who fulfilled the criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome. Control subjects were 37 volunteers, who explicitly denied fatigue and chronic illness on a screening questionnaire. Re-absorption of phosphate by the proximal renal tubule, phosphate clearance and renal threshold phosphate concentration were the main outcome measures in both groups. Of the 87 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, nine also fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for phosphate diabetes. In conclusion, we report a previously undefined relationship between chronic fatigue syndrome and phosphate diabetes. Phosphate diabetes should be considered in differential diagnosis with chronic fatigue syndrome; further studies are needed to investigate the incidence of phosphate diabetes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and the possible beneficial effect of vitamin D and oral phosphate supplements.     

The nootropic correction of disorders in learning and memory processes induced by extreme exposures

Experiments on rats demonstrated that the low-intensity electromagnetic field (12.6 cm, 2375 MHz, power density 1 mW/cm2), motion sickness, and electroconvulsive shock provoked the retrograde amnesia in the passive avoidance test. The oxyracetam (100 mg/kg, i.p.), aniracetam (50 mg/kg, i.p.), nooglutil (50 mg/kg, i.p.), meclofenoxate (50 mg/kg, i.p.), pyracetam (200 mg/kg, i.p.), and GABA (200 mg/kg, i.p) prevented the memory-impairing effect of all these extreme factors. On the contrary, the N-acetylglycinamide, semax, and other nootropic drugs were effective only under one or two extreme conditions.