巨磁电阻读出磁头

用巨磁电阻（GMR）材料构成的磁电子学新器件,已开始在计算机存储领域成功地获得了应用,本文介绍了用于计算机硬件磁盘驱动器的巨磁电阻磁头,描术字它的工作原理、性能特点及研究现状和发展趋势。     

防老剂种类及用量对丁腈橡胶疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

考察了防老剂种类及用量对丁腈橡胶疲劳过程中预制裂纹扩展的影响,并对其断面形貌进行了SEM观察。结果表明,在MB/RD、DTPD、4010和2246 4组防老剂中,防老剂2246耐疲劳性能最好,其用量为4份时效果最佳。     

Development of a Weather Forecasting Code: A Case Study

Computational science is increasingly supporting advances in scientific and engineering knowledge. The unique constraints of these types of projects result in a development process that differs from the process more traditional information technology projects use. This article reports the results of the sixth case study conducted under the support of the Darpa High Productivity Computing Systems Program. The case study aimed to investigate the technical challenges of code development in this environment, understand the use of development tools, and document the findings as concrete lessons learned for other developers' benefit. The project studied here is a major component of a weather forecasting system of systems. It includes complex behavior and interaction of several individual physical systems (such as the atmosphere and the ocean). This article describes the development of the code and presents important lessons learned.     

Toward a real-time model-based training system

This article describes the development of a real-time model-based training system that provides adaptive “over-the-shoulder” (OTS) instructions to trainees as they learn to perform an Anti-Air Warfare Coordinator (AAWC) task. The long-term goal is to develop a system that will provide real-time instructional materials based on learners’ actions, so that eventually the initial set of instructions on a task can be strengthened, complemented, or overridden at different stages of training. The training system is based on the ACT-R architecture, which serves as the theoretical background for the cognitive model that monitors the learning process of the trainee. An experiment was designed to study the impact of OTS instructions on learning. Results showed that while OTS instructions facilitated short-term learning, (a) they took time away from the processing of current information, (b) their effects tended to decay rapidly in initial stages of training, and (c) their effects on training diminished when the OTS instructions were proceduralized in later stages of training. A cognitive model that learned from both the upfront and OTS instructions was created and provided good fits to the learning and performance data collected from human participants. Our results suggest that to fully capture the symbiotic performance between humans and intelligent training systems, it is important to closely monitor the learning process of the trainee so that instructional interventions can be delivered effectively at different stages of training. We proposed that such a flexible system can be developed based on an adaptive cognitive model that provides real-time predictions on learning and performance.     

采用光滤波器的边缘检测布里渊光纤传感系统

提出了采用边缘光滤波器来测量光纤传感中布里渊频域的方案.分析了影响布里渊频移测量精度的因素,给出了布里渊频移测量精度和信噪比的关系.结果表明,在热噪声近似下,布里渊频移测量精度与热噪声、边缘光滤波器透射函数的导数及布里渊散射光信号功率有关.     

多点热式气体质量流量测试方法实验研究

在已研制单点热式气体质量流量计的基础上,针对目前大口径或不规则管道气体质量流量测量中存在的问题,提出了基于多点测量的热式气体质量流量测试方法.文章对敏感元件(热膜探头)温度特性和以热膜探头为测点的多点测试方法进行了大量的试验研究.实验结果表明:多点测试方法中,以对数线性法最好;多点热式气体质量流量测试方法可以明显改善某些单点测量中出现的较大偏差,测量精度可以达到1.5%,扩展不确定度小于3.4%.     

非线性系统传感器偏差故障的UKF递推检测方法

针对传统的推广卡尔曼滤波器方法(EKF)的不足,为检测非线性系统传感器的偏差型故障,提出了一种新的基于unscented卡尔曼滤波(UKF)的实时递推检测算法,该方法应用UKF作为传感器故障残差发生器,并利用残差加权平方和检测策略进行故障的检测.仿真结果表明,与基于EKF的传感器故障检测方法相比,该方法有更好的故障预示能力,并提高了故障检测的准确率.     

超大范围坐标测量系统的现场测试基准及其误差分析

CCD立体视觉坐标测量系统已有广泛应用,但其有效测量范围通常在十数米之内.超大范围坐标测量系统是一种适于野外环境的坐标测量系统,其测量范围可覆盖直径达数百米的圆形区域.文章从分析测量系统数学模型入手,指出了建立现场测试基准的必要性,随后给出一种既能保障测量结果正确可靠又可简化测量模型的基准建立方法,并分析了基准建立过程中各引入误差对系统误差的影响.实验数据证明了文中测量原理及测试基准建立方法的可行性.     

单光纤光栅实现位移、温度同时区分测量

结合光纤光栅悬臂梁调谐的特点,采用悬臂梁矩形梁结构,将光纤光栅粘贴在悬臂梁侧面,利用反射波的带宽对应变敏感而对温度不敏感的特性解调悬臂梁自由端的垂直位移,和反射波的中心波长对温度敏感而对应变不敏感的特性解调温度,成功地实现了对位移和温度的同时测量.基于光谱分析仪0.1 nm的光谱分辨率,实验可得到位移、温度同时区分测量系统的带宽随位移变化的灵敏度为0.153 nm/mm,位移分辨率为0.193 mm,位移测量范围可达6.15 mm;中心波长随温度变化的灵敏度为0.029 nm/℃,温度分辨率为3.4℃,温度测量范围为45℃.实验结果与理论分析基本一致.