Solitary non-parasitic cysts of the liver: presentation and management

Four cases (one asymptomatic and three symptomatic) of solitary non-parasitic cysts of the liver are presented. The asymptomatic cysts was an incidental finding at laparotomy. The other three patients presented with abdominal distension, jaundice and malignant transformation respectively. Management of these patients has been discussed and the literature reviewed.     

Measurements of energy expenditure using isotope-labelled water (2H2(18)O) during an Arctic expedition

An abnormal DNA content has been associated with an unfavorable prognosis in a variety of cancers. In this study, tumor DNA content was measured in patients with gallbladder carcinoma in order to determine whether DNA ploidy pattern was a prognostic indicator. Thirty-six patients who had had a gallbladder carcinoma resected with curative intent were analyzed. Aneuploid tumor (20 cases, 56 per cent) was significantly associated with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (p < 0.05), invasion beyond the muscularis propria (p < 0.01), and a high mitotic index (p < 0.0001). A significant advantage in terms of five-year survival was demonstrated in patients with diploid tumors as compared with those with aneuploid tumors (80 per cent versus 24 per cent, respectively, p < 0.005). Aneuploid tumors invading the subserosal layer had a significantly poorer prognosis than diploid tumors with similar depth of invasion (p < 0.05). However, when tumor invasion had extended beyond the serosa, no significant advantage in survival was found between patients with aneuploid and those with diploid tumors. It is concluded that DNA ploidy pattern is a valuable addition to a staging protocol for gallbladder carcinoma.     

Hiccup in adults: an overview

Hiccup is a forceful, involuntary inspiration commonly experienced by fetuses, children and adults. Its purpose is unknown and its pathophysiology still poorly understood. Short hiccup bouts are mostly associated with gastric distention or alcohol intake, resolve spontaneously or with simple folk remedies and do not require medical attention. In contrast, prolonged hiccup is a rare but disabling condition which can induce depression, weight loss and sleep deprivation. A wide variety of pathological conditions can cause chronic hiccup: myocardial infarction, brain tumour, renal failure, prostate cancer, abdominal surgery etc. Detailed medical history and physical examinations will often guide diagnostic investigations (abdominal ultrasound, chest or brain CT scan...). Gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastritis, oesophageal reflux and oesophagitis are commonly observed in chronic hiccup patients and upper gastrointestinal investigations (endoscopy, pH monitoring and manometry) should be included in the diagnostic evaluation systematically. Etiological treatment is not always available and chronic hiccup treatment has classically relied on metoclopramide and chlorpromazine. Recently, baclofen (LIORESAL) has emerged as a safe and often effective treatment.     

显微红外光谱法测定改性单基发射药中功能组分的浓度分布

采用红外光谱显微技术考察了11/7改性单基发射药中功能组分NA 钝感剂和硝化甘油的浓度分布状态.结果表明,在发射药的近表面,NA聚酯浓度由表及里呈指数规律下降, ick第二定律的扩散模型,扩散深度约220μm;硝化甘油浓度沿药粒径向呈抛物线状分布, 深度约320μm.     

乳杆菌耐消化应激能力及消化应激对其肠道黏附能力的影响

首先通过体外模拟唾液-胃液-肠液应激实验研究乳杆菌的耐消化应激能力,然后研究其对肠道黏蛋白和Caco-2细胞的黏附及抑制肠道病原菌黏附的能力,最后探讨消化应激对乳杆菌黏附能力的影响。结果表明,副干酪乳杆菌W125、m111和发酵乳杆菌146在依次经过模拟唾液-胃液-肠液应激后存活率分别为2.70%、3.53%及11.15%,活菌数分别为7.46、7.24(lg(CFU/mL))及8.35(lg(CFU/mL)),且对黏蛋白和Caco-2细胞的黏附率显著高于其他菌株（P<0.05）,分别为15.67%、8.75%、8.38%和11.47%、21.34%、10.44%;3株菌株均可通过排除、竞争和替代的方式抑制大肠杆菌CICC10899和沙门菌WX29对肠道的黏附,黏附抑制率均大于13.51%;消化应激显著降低了副干酪乳杆菌W125和发酵乳杆菌146对肠道的黏附能力（P<0.05）,但显著增加了副干酪乳杆菌m111的黏附能力（P<0.05）,黏附率由17.60%增加到30.45%,且主要黏附素由消化应激前的表层蛋白变为应激后的蛋白和多糖;消化应激前后副干酪乳杆菌m111均...     

微胶囊技术在啤酒生产中的应用研究

介绍了微胶囊固定化啤酒酵母细胞的原理以及研究了影响微胶囊稳定性的几个关键因素,阐述了微胶囊技术在啤酒连续生产应用中的可行性,结果表明连续发酵生产的啤酒与分批发酵相比,风味、口感都比较接近.