全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1228篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 3篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
化学工业 | 58篇 |
金属工艺 | 12篇 |
机械仪表 | 8篇 |
建筑科学 | 6篇 |
矿业工程 | 10篇 |
能源动力 | 8篇 |
轻工业 | 17篇 |
石油天然气 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 13篇 |
一般工业技术 | 45篇 |
冶金工业 | 976篇 |
原子能技术 | 6篇 |
自动化技术 | 69篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 21篇 |
2010年 | 11篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 9篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 10篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 267篇 |
1997年 | 147篇 |
1996年 | 102篇 |
1995年 | 89篇 |
1994年 | 58篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 43篇 |
1976年 | 92篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1955年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1233条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
"Homeland security" is a major concern for governments worldwide, which must protect their populations and the critical infrastructures that support them. Information technology plays an important role in many homeland security initiatives. On one hand, it can help mitigate risk and enable effective responses to disasters of natural or human origin. Yet, its suitability for this role is plagued by questions ranging from dependability concerns to the risks that some technologies, such as surveillance, profiling and data aggregation, pose to privacy and civil liberties. On the other hand, information technology is itself an infrastructure to be protected. This includes not only the Internet and financial infrastructure but also the complex systems that control critical infrastructure such as energy, transportation, and manufacturing. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
SL Nyberg HJ Mann MY Hu WD Payne WS Hu FB Cerra RP Remmel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,24(6):643-648
OBJECTIVE: The initially well-fixed implants of total hip replacement (THR) are in the long-term subject to aseptic loosening. Many cytokines can contribute to osteolysis due to osteoclast recruitment and/or activation. However, in this respect tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a pivotal role, because it upregulates interleukin-1 and 6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. The aim of this study was to assess the eventual presence, cellular localization and extent of expression of TNF-alpha in the synovial-like membrane at the implant or at the cement to bone interface compared to control synovial membrane. METHODS: Twenty samples from the synovial-like membrane of the periprosthetic tissues were compared to control samples. TNF-alpha containing cells were visualized using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method and analyzed by light microscopy, double labelling and image analysis. RESULTS: TNF-alpha was found in the periprosthetic tissues in fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells, but mainly in the macrophages was it found to coincide with areas containing implant-derived debris. TNF-alpha containing cells were more numerous in the synovial-like membrane in the interface tissue from the proximal stem area (2816 +/- 318 cells) than in the control synovial membrane (565 +/- 93 cells, p < 0.01). Interestingly, similarly high TNF-alpha expression (3452 +/- 582 cells) was also seen in the synovial-like membrane of the pseudocapsule. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the foreign body-type host reaction caused by THR is characterized by the high expression of TNF-alpha. Because such expression occurred in the interface tissue between the implant and surrounding bone, TNF-alpha, due to its pivotal direct and indirect role in the activation and recruitment of osteoclasts, may contribute to periprosthetic osteolysis and to the loosening of THR. 相似文献
7.
Recently, a new hematopoietic growth factor, stem cell factor, the ligand for the c-kit-proto-oncogene, has been cloned. The gene for this factor or for its receptor are deleted in two well known series of mice mutants which display pleiotropic stem cell defects. Therefore, this factor supposedly plays an important role in stem cell biology. This paper reviews some of the elegant genetic work which led to the discovery of the factor and of its receptor, the biological effects that this factor exerts in the hematopoietic system in normal individuals and in patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia and speculates on some of its potential clinical applications. 相似文献
8.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of isometric training of the quadriceps femoris muscles, at different joint angles, on torque production and electromyographic (EMG) activity. SUBJECTS: One hundred seven women were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Three groups trained with isometric contractions three times per week at a knee flexion angle of 30, 60, or 90 degrees. The fourth group, which served as a control, did not exercise. METHODS: Isometric torque was measured using a dynamometer, and EMG activity was measured using a multichannel EMG system. Measurements were obtained during maximal isometric contraction of the quadriceps femoris muscles at 15-degree increments from 15 to 105 degrees of knee flexion. Measurements were taken before and after 8 weeks of training. RESULTS: Following isometric exercise, increased torque and EMG activity occurred not only at the angle at which subjects exercised, but also at angles in the range of motion at which exercise did occur. Further analyses indicated that exercising in the lengthened position for the quadriceps femoris muscles (90 degrees of knee flexion) produced increased torque across all angles measured and appeared to be the more effective position for transferring strength and EMG activity to adjacent angles following isometric training as compared with the shorter positions of the muscle (30 degrees and 60 degrees of knee flexion). CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that an efficient method for increasing isometric knee extension torque and EMG activity throughout the entire range of motion is to exercise with the quadriceps femoris muscles in the lengthened position. 相似文献
9.
10.
The purpose of these experiments was to determine whether the exposure of rats at night to pulsed DC magnetic fields (MF) would influence the nocturnal production and secretion of melatonin, as indicated by pineal N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity (the rate limiting enzyme in melatonin production) and pineal and serum melatonin levels. By using a computer-driven exposure system, 15 experiments were conducted. MF exposure onset was always during the night, with the duration of exposure varying from 15 to 120 min. A variety of field strengths, ranging from 50 to 500 microT (0.5 to 5.0 G) were used with the bulk of the studies being conducted using a 100 microT (1.0 G) field. During the interval of DC MF exposure, the field was turned on and off at 1-s intervals with a rise/fall time constant of 5 ms. Because the studies were performed during the night, all procedures were carried out under weak red light (intensity of <5 microW/cm2). At the conclusion of each study, a blood sample and the pineal gland were collected for analysis of serum melatonin titers and pineal NAT and melatonin levels. The outcome of individual studies varied. Of the 23 cases in which pineal NAT activity, pineal melatonin, and serum melatonin levels were measured, the following results were obtained; in 5 cases (21.7%) pineal NAT activity was depressed, in 2 cases (8.7%) studies pineal melatonin levels were lowered, and in 10 cases (43.5%) serum melatonin concentrations were reduced. Never was there a measured rise in any of the end points that were considered in this study. The magnitudes of the reductions were not correlated with field strength (i.e., no dose-response relationships were apparent), and likewise the reductions could not be correlated with the season of the year (experiments conducted at 12-month intervals under identical exposure conditions yielded different results). Duration of exposure also seemed not to be a factor in the degree of melatonin suppression. The inconsistency of the results does not permit the conclusion that pineal melatonin production or release are routinely influenced by pulsed DC MF exposure. In the current series of studies, a suppression of serum melatonin sometimes occurred in the absence of any apparent change in the synthesis of this indoleamine within the pineal gland (no alteration in either pineal NAT activity or pineal melatonin levels). Because melatonin is a direct free radical scavenger, the drop in serum melatonin could theoretically be explained by an increased uptake of melatonin by tissues that were experiencing augmented levels of free radicals as a consequence of MF exposure. This hypothetical possibly requires additional experimental documentation. 相似文献