LiFePO4/C复合材料的制备和性能

采用高温固相合成法二次灼烧工艺制备锂离子电池正极复合材料LiFePO4/C。经300℃和650℃二次灼烧,得到了从纳米到亚微米尺寸的LiFePO4和LiFePO4/C复合材料。X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,所得到的LiFePO4和LiFePO4/C样品具有单一的橄榄石型晶体结构,且具高纯度。在多种碳源(如乙炔黑、Vulcan XC-72碳黑、鳞状石墨、各向异性石墨和葡萄糖)制备的LiFePO4/C复合材料中,以葡萄糖为碳源合成的样品具有最好的电化学性能。在电池工作温度由室温提高到40℃时,由于复合材料的电子电导率增大和锂离子在材料中的扩散速度加快,电池的充放电循环性能明显提高。     

黑色素的合成、鉴定及应用现状

黑色素是在酚类物质的氧化和聚合过程中产生的一类黑色素和棕色的高分子化合物的统称。黑色素是生物体内的一种独特的聚合物,具有保护生物体免受紫外线损伤、降低极端气温和电离辐射伤害等众多的生理功能。由于黑色素的复杂结构,关于其精确的化学结构和合成途径,直至目前仍没有一个定论,而其鉴定方法也有很大的局限性,这些都对黑色素的大规模应用带来了不利的影响,有鉴于此,本文对黑色素的合成和鉴定的最新研究成果进行了综述。     

水文土壤学理论及其应用研究进展

围绕水文土壤学的基本理论和核心科学问题,从地球关键区理论出发,介绍了水文土壤学的基本理论框架、水文土壤学所能填补的知识鸿沟,并回顾了水文土壤学在农业、流域管理、面源污染、湿地保护和环境政策制定以及土壤传递函数等方面的应用,最后对水文土壤学的发展和应用做了展望。     

泡沫铝负载氧化铈的制备及其除氟性能研究

以六水合硝酸铈为铈源、六次甲基四胺为沉淀剂,通过水热法制备了氧化铈(CeO2)粉末和泡沫铝负载氧化铈复合体。环境扫描电镜(ESEM)观察表明成功实现了泡沫铝负载氧化铈,且氧化铈在泡沫金属上不易脱落。透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察表明氧化铈(CeO2)粉末颗粒的粒径为5～10nm,呈立方块状,选区电子衍射为多晶环。研究了pH值和时间对氧化铈及泡沫铝负载氧化铈复合体除氟性能的影响,经理论计算及实验数据拟合,结果表明CeO2及复合体除氟是在其表面的羟基同氟离子发生可逆交换吸附去除氟离子,属于交换吸附模型。     

Research on prevention and cure against heat-harm in constructing mines

With the mine exploitation depth getting deeper and deeper, the mine heat-harm turns into another natural disaster after the five disasters, which are the roof, the gas, the fire, the dust and the flood disaster. Compared with other researches on prevention and cure against the heat-harm, the research on prevention and cure against the heat-harm in constructing mine are less. Referring to the experience of prevention and cure against the heat-harm home and ＇abroad, analyzing the characteristic of cooling in the constructing mine, and based on the ground former freezing equipments and the modified mine temporary cooling equipments, the paper proposed four technical projects. By comparing with the four technical projects, the second project is preponderant both in technology and economy and can solve the heat-harm of the constructing mine, which is proved by the forecast and calculation. The project can be widely applied in de-temperature tasks of high temperature and heat-harm mines during the mine constructing period and in the exploiting preparing phase.     

静电感应晶闸管的I-V特性物理分析

考虑到寿命不等时的双注入效应、载流子寿命,特别是少子空穴寿命的变化、电导调制效应、双注入空间电荷限制效应等因素,对静电感应晶闸管(Static Induction Thyristor,简称SITH)在正向阻断态的整个I-V特性进行了分段物理分析,给出了理论解释并进行了计算,得出的结论与实验观测结果相吻合.     

Effect of Carbon Properties on Melting Behavior of Mold Fluxes for Continuous Casting of Steels

Mold fluxes are synthetic slags used to coverthe liquid steel meniscus during continuous castingof steel.The flux,whichis continuously fed on thesurface of liquid pool during casting,melts first andthenflowsintothe gap between mold wall and solid-ified steel shell.It is well known that the perform-ance of the flux can greatly affect both the castingoperation and product quality.Because of its i mpor-tance,intensiveinvestigations have been performed,and considerable progress has been made[1-6].…     

LF精炼过程中炉渣成分对钢水[Ca]含量的影响

根据冶金熔体的共存理论,计算了CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-SiO2-Al2O3六元渣系各组元的作用浓度。结合生产实际数据,建立了LF精炼过程中炉渣成分和钢水[Ca]之间氧化还原反应的数学模型,计算了炉渣成分对钢水[Ca]含量的影响。结果表明,LF精炼过程中钢水[Ca]含量受[Si]-(FeO)联合控制,渣中SiO2、FeO质量分数每增加1%,[Ca]质量分数分别降低1.63×10-6和1.55×10-6。为了将[Ca]质量分数控制在10×10-6以下,当FeO质量分数为3%左右时,碱度B应不高于0.9。     

粮食仓房的通风口改进

分析了原有通风系统通风口在设计中存在的问题、对储粮的影响,提出了对通风口的设计要求与改进方案．