大庆油田杏1-3区三次加密试验区剩余油分布研究

通过对试验区近年完钻的检查井各单砂层水淹状况及其影响因素的分析。利用神经网络模式识别方法建立起单层剩余油识别模型，在此基础上对三次加密试验区各小层剩余油分布进行研究，总结出各类油层剩余油分布特征及成因类型，并分析了试验区剩余油潜力分布，从而为三次加密布井及射孔方案编制提供了可靠的依据。     

雷诺应力(RSM)模型对旋流器分离性能预测研究

为了优化液．液旋流管的结构设计，进行了旋流管结构筛选试验研究和旋流管内单相和油水两相湍流流动的数值模拟技术研究。应用CFD计算软件，采用雷诺应力模型对液．液旋流分离管内的单相强旋流场进行数值模拟。计算出了旋流管内的压力场分布、各旋流管压力降以及压力降在旋流管各部件的分配比例。各旋流管的压力降计算值和试验吻合较好，相对误差基本不超过10％，计算出了各种旋流管的粒级效率曲线，计算结果与试验结果一致。     

河南油田三口大斜度多目标井的泥浆技术

河南油田近期完成了三口多目标大斜度探井B215井、南44井和南46井。本文论述了两性离子聚合物及无荧光润滑剂ZRH—Ⅰ在这三口井中使用的效果,该泥浆体系处理剂品种少,抑制防塌效果好,携岩能力强,性能稳定,润滑性好,不影响录井。     

激光粒度仪在塔里木泥浆工艺中的应用

为了深入了解泥浆固相颗粒大小及级配,并能迅速选择合适的高分子聚合物,引进了CILAS—920型激光粒度仪。通过膨润土分散实验、高分子聚合物包被抑制性评价实验及现场泥浆粒度分析检测等,对该仪器在泥浆中的应用进行了初步探索。     

碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层研究的地质物理基础

本文对碳酸盐岩裂缝分布规律及其地震波场特征进行了研究,理论测试和实际资料分析结果表明：碳酸盐岩裂缝具有多尺度性,并且不同尺度裂缝在地震波的主频、振幅、速度等波场参数上的响应是不同的。本文研究成果是我们进行碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层研究的地质物理基础,对碳酸盐岩裂缝检测方法的形成和发展具有重要意义。     

Reliability of dynamic systems under limited information

A method is developed for reliability analysis of dynamic systems under limited information. The available information includes one or more samples of the system output; any known information on features of the output can be used if available. The method is based on the theory of non-Gaussian translation processes and is shown to be particularly suitable for problems of practical interest. For illustration, we apply the proposed method to a series of relevant examples and compare with results given by traditional statistical estimators. It is demonstrated that the method delivers accurate results for the case of linear and nonlinear dynamic systems, and can be applied to analyze experimental data and/or mathematical model outputs.     

Elastic-plastic characterization of thin films with spherical indentation

Indentation characterization of thin films has most recently been investigated with currently available ultramicroindentation hardness instruments that use a pyramidal diamond tipped indenter. With these instruments determination of the hardness at depths of penetration as shallow as 5–10 nm is possible. However, the problems associated with such indenters are the inability to characterize the indenter tip radius and the fact that pointed indenters essentially perform tests at constant plastic strain. An alternative approach to measuring the mechanical properties of thin films is to use spherically tipped indenters of known tip radius and to follow the transition from elastic to plastic deformation. The Hertzian analysis provides the basis for determining the elastic behaviour and it may be modified to examine the elastic-plastic transition. From such observations it is possible to determine the variation in the mean indentation pressure with depth of penetration and to construct an equivalent stress-strain response of a material. Examples of this approach are given for bulk materials and metallic and polymeric thin films. Data have been collected with a UMIS-2000 instrument and have been analysed and simulated on the basis of the approach outlined above.     

Quantitative determination of sulfonated aliphatic and aromatic surfactants in sewage sludge by ion-pair/supercritical fluid extraction and derivatization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Secondary alkanesulfonate (SAS) and linear alkylbenzene-sulfonate (LAS) surfactants were quantitatively (> 90%) extracted from sewage sludges as their tetrabutylammonium ion pairs using 400 atm of supercritical CO2 for 5 min of static extraction followed by 10 min of dynamic extraction at 80 degrees C. Ion pairs of SAS and LAS quantitatively formed butyl esters in the injection port of the gas chromatograph and were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry without class fractionation of the sewage sludge extracts. Concentrations of SAS and LAS in sludges from five different sewage treatment plants ranged from 0.27 to 0.80 g/kg of dry sewage sluge and from 3.83 to 7.51 g/kg, respectively. Good reproducibility was achieved with RSDs of typically 5% for replicate extractions and analyses. Homologue and isomer distributions of SAS in sewage sludge indicated an enrichment of the more hydrophobic components in sewage sludge during sewage treatment.     

Massage therapy effects

Massage therapy is older than recorded time, and rubbing was the primary form of medicine until the pharmaceutical revolution of the 1940s. Popularized again as part of the alternative medicine movement, massage therapy has recently received empirical support for facilitating growth, reducing pain, increasing alertness, diminishing depression, and enhancing immune function. In this article studies are reviewed that document these effects, and models are proposed for potential underlying mechanisms.     

Fixation of acetabular cups without cement in total hip arthroplasty. A comparison of three different implant surfaces at a minimum duration of follow-up of five years

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the roles of brain angiotensin II and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in the hypertensive mechanism of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension. METHODS: We injected 50 microg/kg CV-11 974, an angiotensin II type-1 receptors antagonist, 30 nmol/kg CNP-22, or the vehicle (artificial cerebrospinal fluid) into the cerebral ventricle or intravenously 5 min before the intracerebroventricular infusion of 1.5 mol/I NaCl solution for 30 min into either male normotensive Wistar rats or DOCA-salt hypertensive rats anesthetized with urethane, and their arterial pressures and heart rates were continuously recorded. Blood (2 ml) was collected at the end of the infusion for the measurement of plasma concentration of arginine vasopressin. We infused 10 or 50 microg/kg per day CV-11 974, 10 or 50 nmol/kg per day CNP-22, or the vehicle (1 microl/h) into the cerebral ventricles of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats for 7 days by using osmotic minipumps, and measured their systolic arterial pressures, pulse rates, and urinary excretions of vasopressin. RESULTS: Intracerebroventricular pre-administrations of CV-11 974 and of CNP-22 inhibited increases in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and plasma vasopressin concentration induced by intracerebroventricular infusion of 1.5 mol/l NaCl into normotensive rats; increases in hemodynamics and plasma level of vasopressin induced by intracerebroventricular infusion of 1.5 mol/l NaCl were suppressed by intracerebroventricular pre-injections of CV-11 974, but not of CNP-22, into DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Continuous intracerebroventricular infusions of 50 microg/kg per day CV-11 974 attenuated hypertension in DOCA-salt treated rats, accompanied by a reduction in urinary excretion of vasopressin. Continuous intracerebroventricular infusions of 50 nmol/kg per day CNP-22, however, affected neither hypertension nor urinary excretion of vasopressin in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. CONCLUSION: Brain angiotensin II could play a role in the pressor mechanism of DOCA-salt hypertension by increasing release of vasopressin via type 1 receptors. That brain CNP has an inhibitory effect on release of vasopressin in acute experiments indicates that the impairment of this inhibitory effect of brain CNP on secretion of vasopressin could be involved in the pathogenesis of DOCA-salt hypertension in rats.