Fracture toughness of polycrystalline tungsten alloys

Tungsten and tungsten alloys show the typical change in fracture behavior from brittle at low temperatures to ductile at high temperatures. In order to improve the understanding of the effect of microstructure the fracture toughness of pure tungsten, potassium doped tungsten, tungsten with 1 wt.% La₂O₃ and tungsten rhenium alloys were investigated by means of 3-point bending, double cantilever beam and compact tension specimens. All these materials show the expected increase in fracture toughness with increasing temperature. The experiments demonstrate that grain size, texture, chemical composition, grain boundary segregation and dislocation density seem to have a large effect on fracture toughness below the DBTT. These influences can be seen in the fracture behavior and morphology, where two kinds of fracture occur: on the one hand transgranular and on the other hand intergranular fracture. Therefore, techniques like electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray line profile analysis were used to improve the understanding of the parameters influencing fracture toughness.     

Using "mark sense" for ratings and personal data collection.

The use of IBM "mark sense" cards for data collection, followed by standard machine handling of the punched cards, is described in connection with the analysis of hospital admissions data, correctional school data, ratings analysis, and similar applications. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Measurement of the Thermal Energy Evolved upon Tablet Compression

The increase in temperature that occurs when a granulation or powder is compressed into a tablet has long been of interest to pharmaceutical scientists. Not only can this rise in temperature be indicative of differences in formulations which affect their performance during the tabletting process, but it may also cause unforeseen changes in the final tablet. Exact measurements of this temperature rise and of the thermal energy released have proven to be elusive. The diversity in equipment used approximately equals the number of published studies. This is the first report in which an accurate temperature probe has successfully been placed within the powder bed being compacted. Using a measurement system of original design, both the temperature rise and thermal energy evolved have been measured for single component systems comprised of Avicel, calcium carbonate, Corn Starch USP, and sulfathiazole. Extension of this work will deal with reactive multicomponent systems     

Menstrual disorders in athletes

OBJECTIVES: To review the current state of knowledge of the molecular biology of lymphoma, the clinical relevance of findings, and the implications for practice. DATA SOURCES: Published research articles, proceedings of conferences, and oncology textbooks. CONCLUSIONS: The molecular biology of lymphomas has been the subject of many research studies in the past two decades. New cytogenetic techniques have led to a wealth of information on lymphomagenesis and its impact on the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of lymphoma, which will continue into the next decade. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: An understanding of the molecular biology of lymphoma will assist cancer nurses in providing current, state-of-the-art patient education and will facilitate an understanding of newly developed methods in the prognosis and treatment of this malignancy.