多室内环流反应器中液体循环量的试验验证与模拟

目的 对液相氧化脱硫多室内环流反应器液体循环量的影响因素进行模拟和验证。方法 采用CFD数值模拟,基于欧拉-欧拉多相流模型,对液相氧化脱硫多室内环流反应器进行气液两相流模拟,考查了酸气流量和空气流量对液体循环量的影响。结果 利用数值模拟得到的液体循环量与利用靶式流量计测得的液体循环量误差小于10%。当酸气中H₂S体积分数不超过3%时,液体循环量(z)与酸气流量(x)、空气流量(y)之间的关系式为：z=-474.996+0.358x+0.487 3y。结论 欧拉-欧拉两相流模型能够准确地预测液相氧化脱硫反应器内液体循环量。     

甲烷中四氢噻吩气体标准物质制备及应用

目的 为天然气加臭剂的测量活动提供可追溯性,以保证检测结果的准确可靠。方法 采用称量法研制了摩尔分数为1.00～20.00μmol/mol的甲烷中四氢噻吩气体标准物质,考查了该气体标准物质的均匀性和稳定性。依据该标准物质建立了硫化学发光检测器气相色谱仪(GC-SCD)测定甲烷中四氢噻吩的方法。结果 制得的气体标准物质相对扩展不确定度为2%,k=2,国家标准物质证书编号为GBW(E)062460,采用GC-SCD测定甲烷中四氢噻吩的方法,在摩尔分数为0～5.00μmol/mol的范围内,线性良好,相关系数r=1.000,检出限低至0.03μmol/mol,并应用于天然气样品的测试,7次测量的相对标准偏差为2.1%～3.4%。结论 基于有证标准物质进行量值溯源的GC-SCD测定甲烷中四氢噻吩的方法准确可靠,为天然气中加臭剂四氢噻吩的测量提供技术保障。     

Effect of carrier screening on ZnO-based resistive switching memory devices

The carrier screening effect occurs commonly in dielectric materials. It reduces the electric potential gradient, thus negatively affecting the functionality of resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices. An Au/ZnO film/Al-doped ZnO device fabricated in this work exhibited no resistive switching (RS), which was attributed to the carrier screening effect. Therefore, annealing was used for alleviating the screening effect, significantly enhancing the RS property. In addition, different on/off ratios were obtained for various bias values, and the screening effect was accounted for by investigating electron transport mechanisms. Furthermore, different annealing temperatures were employed to modulate the free carrier concentration in ZnO films to alleviate the screening effect. The maximal on/off ratio reached 10⁵ at an annealing temperature of 600 °C, yielding the lowest number of free carriers and the weakest screening effect in ZnO films. This work investigates the screening effect in RS devices. The screening effect not only modulates the characteristics of memory devices but also provides insight into the mechanism of RS in these devices.

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Synthesis, characterization and osteoconductivity properties of bone fillers based on alendronate-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite microspheres

A superior drug controlled release system capable of achieving efficient osteogenesis is in imperative demand because of limited bone substitute tissue for the treatment of bone defect. In the present study, we investigated the potential of using poly(ε-caprolactone)–hydroxyapatite (PCL–HA) composite microspheres as an injectable bone repair vehicle by controlled release of alendronate (AL), a medicine that belongs to the bisphosphonates family. The PCL/HA–AL microspheres were prepared with solid/oil/water emulsion technique, which included two processes: (1) AL was loaded on the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles; (2) the HA–AL complex was built in the PCL matrix. The spherical PCL/HA–AL microspheres were characterized with its significantly improved encapsulation efficiency of hydrophilic AL and better sustained release. Human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on the surface of these microspheres and exhibited high proliferative profile. Specifically, in osteogenic medium, hMSCs on the surface of PCL/HA–AL microspheres displayed superior osteogenic differentiation which was verified by alkaline phosphatase activity assay. In conclusion, by presenting strong osteogenic commitment of hMSCs in vitro, the PCL/HA–AL microspheres have the potential to be used as an injectable vehicle for local therapy of bone defect.     

松软煤层中螺旋钻进技术应用

对松软煤层中螺旋钻进技术进行了介绍,并对其输煤原理及钻进工艺规程参数进行理论分析,利用此技术在新元煤矿松软煤层钻进成孔取得较好的效果。     

一种双靶磁控溅射制备的Mg掺杂的NiO薄膜

采用磁控溅射“共溅射”方法,将Ar气作为溅射气体,高纯NiO和MgO双陶瓷靶作为溅射靶材。当控制NiO和MgO靶的溅射功率分别为190 W和580 W,溅射真空度为2 Pa,衬底温度为300℃时,得到了Mg掺杂的NiO(Ni_0.61Mg_0.39O)薄膜。该薄膜是一种具有(200)择优取向的晶态薄膜。薄膜表面比较平整,晶粒分布致密,晶粒尺寸约46.9 nm。(200)衍射峰位置相对未掺杂的NiO薄膜向小角度偏移约0.2°。合金薄膜在可见光波段具有较大的透过率,而在300 nm附近透过率陡然下降,其光学带隙向高能方向移动到了3.95 eV。该研究为采用磁控溅射制备高质量的Mg掺杂的NiO薄膜提供了技术支撑。     

面向神经形态感知的人工脉冲神经元的研究进展

近年来,随着人工智能技术和脉冲神经网络(SNN)的迅猛发展,人工脉冲神经元的研究逐渐兴起。人工脉冲神经元的研究对于开发具有人类智能水平的机器人、实现自主学习和自适应控制等领域具有重要的应用前景。传统的电子器件由于缺乏神经元的非线性特性,需要复杂的电路结构和大量的器件才能模拟简单的生物神经元功能,同时功耗也较高。因此,最近研究者们借鉴生物神经元的工作机制,提出了多种基于忆阻器等新型器件的人工脉冲神经元方案。这些方案具有功耗低、结构简单、制备工艺成熟等优点,并且在模拟生物神经元的多种功能等方面取得了显著进展。文章将从人工脉冲神经元的基本原理出发,综述和分析目前已有的各种实现方案。具体来说,将分别介绍基于传统电子器件和基于新型器件的人工脉冲神经元的实现方案,并对其优缺点进行比较。此外,还将介绍不同类型的人工脉冲神经元在实现触觉、视觉、嗅觉、味觉、听觉和温度等神经形态感知方面的应用,并对未来的发展进行展望。希望能够为人工脉冲神经元的研究和应用提供有益的参考和启示。     

串联机器人的双模糊自适应滑模控制

提出了一种串联机器人的改进控制算法。采用一自适应模糊控制器,根据滑模到达条件对滑模切换增益进行估算,消除滑模控制中输出力矩的抖振现象,增强其对不确定性因素的适应能力。采用另一自适应模糊控制器对指数趋近律系数进行修正,改善由于大范围初始位姿产生的偏差而引起的大力矩和速度跳变问题。该方法无需确定被控对象的具体数学模型,具有强鲁棒性和高跟踪精度。基于Lyapunov方法进行了稳定性证明,保证控制系统的稳定性与收敛性。实验结果表明,该方法应用于串联机器人,跟踪效果良好并产生了平滑的力矩输出和速度输出。     

金纳米微粒修饰几丁聚糖微胶囊新方法

制备了金-海藻酸钙-几丁聚糖微胶囊,提出了修饰用于蛋白质药物靶向传输的多糖载体-几丁聚糖的新方法,该方法通过在几丁聚糖微胶囊表面结合金的纳米微粒使微胶囊表面结构发生变化,从而改变微胶囊的性质,这种修饰方法目前未见报道.文中对制备条件进行了优化,并对金-海藻酸钙-几丁聚糖微胶囊的粒径分布进行了表征.文中选择在pH值为5时反应2 h,制得的柠檬酸体系和丙烯酸体系的金-海藻酸钙.几丁聚糖微胶囊的平均直径分别为216.686um和196.850um.     

Biophotonic probes for bio-detection and imaging

The rapid development of biophotonics and biomedical sciences makes a high demand on photonic structures to be interfaced with biological systems that are capab...