cPCN-Regulated SnO2 Composites Enables Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency Beyond 23％

Efficient electron transport layers(ETLs)not only play a crucial role in promoting carrier separation and electron extraction in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)but...     

旋进旋涡与V锥组合计量气液两相流实验研究

目的解决低渗透气田在井间串联、井口混输计量模式下,单井产气、产液量无法准确计量的技术难题。 方法基于旋进旋涡流量计和V锥流量计的单相计量原理,通过开展空气-水两相流的室内实验,分析了不同运行压力、气液比以及表观气速下单相流量计的混相计量误差变化规律。借助量纲分析法,分别建立了进动频率和压降与相关无量纲准数的关联公式,并采用室内实验数据分别进行了混相条件下的参数修正,利用两种流量计串联组合的方式,提出了一种适用于低含液率的湿气双参数组合计量模型,并采用延安气田现场的实流数据对模型计算精度进行了验证。 结果室内实验时,当湿气体积含液率小于1%时,旋进旋涡进动频率随体积含液率的升高而降低,出现“欠读”现象,而V锥流量计的计量压降随体积含液率的升高而增大,产生“过读”现象。当体积含液率大于1%时,由于气相含液量偏大,造成旋涡进动信号下降规律不明显,从而导致组合计量模型的结果可能出现失真,现场实流测试结果显示,组合计量模型的气相体积流量的平均相对误差为2.029%,液相体积流量的平均相对误差为15.066%,体积含液率的平均绝对误差为 0.059%。 结论旋进旋涡与V锥流量计的组合计量模型在气相含液量较低时,气相和液相的计量精度可满足现场生产需要,且加工设计成本较低,可以为延安气田排水采气井的气液混相计量提供技术支持。      

Superhydrophobic Paper-Based Microfluidic Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor Functionalized with Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube and DNAzyme for Hypocalcemia Diagnosis

Hypocalcemia is caused by a sharp decline in blood calcium concentration after dairy cow calving, which can lead to various diseases or even death. It is necessary to develop an inexpensive, easy-to-operate, reliable sensor to diagnose hypocalcemia. The cellulose-paper-based microfluidic field-effect biosensor is promising for point-of-care, but it has poor mechanical strength and a short service life after exposure to an aqueous solution. Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS), as a popular organosilane derivative, can improve the hydrophobicity of cellulose paper to overcome the shortage of cellulose paper. In this work, OTS was used to produce the superhydrophobic cellulose paper that enhances the mechanical strength and short service life of MFB, and a microfluidic field-effect biosensor (MFB) with semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and DNAzyme was then developed for the Ca²⁺ determination. Pyrene carboxylic acid (PCA) attached to SWNTs through a non-covalent π-π stacking interaction provided a carboxyl group that can bond with an amino group of DNAzyme. Two DNAzymes with different sensitivities were designed by changing the sequence length and cleavage site, which were functionalized with SPFET/SWNTs-PCA to form Dual-MFB, decreasing the interference of impurities in cow blood. After optimizing the detecting parameters, Dual-MFB could determine the Ca²⁺ concentration in the range of 25 μM to 5 mM, with a detection limit of 10.7 μM. The proposed Dual-MFB was applied to measure Ca²⁺ concentration in cow blood, which provided a new method to diagnose hypocalcemia after dairy cow calving.     

大型公路桥梁施工监理探讨

根据广深高速公路等施工实践经验,对公路桥梁水下混凝土灌注桩、主体钢筋混凝土、后张法预应力箱梁制作、桥梁架设的施工与监理过程中控制关键点进行探讨,以期加强施工与监理的工作质量。     

氯化聚乙烯/AO 2246复合材料的阻尼性能和微观形态

将氯化聚乙烯(CPE)和有机小分子2,2-亚甲基-双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)(AO2246)混合制备了有机杂化阻尼材料,并通过动态力学分析、差示扫描量热法和扫描电子显微镜研究了阻尼材料的动态力学性能和微观结构。结果表明,在复合材料中CPE和AO 2246是相容体系;随着AO 2246含量的增加,复合材料的损耗因子(tanδ)峰值及其对应的温度逐渐增大;但当AO 2246质量分数达到50%时,复合材料的tanδ值减小而其对应的温度却继续向高温方向偏移,同时峰形变宽;复合材料中AO 2246以杂化态、微相分离态和微晶态共存,当AO 2246质量分数小于30%时,AO 2246主要以杂化态分布于基体中,复合材料中几乎没有微结晶;当AO 2246质量分数大于30%时,复合材料中AO 2246主要以微相分离态分布于基体;过量的AO 2246以微晶形式析出,形成结晶态;随着AO 2246含量的增加,复合材料中结晶数量越多。     

Materials applications of photoelectron emission microscopy

Photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM) is a versatile technique that can image a variety of materials including metals, semiconductors and even insulators. Under favorable conditions the most advanced aberration corrected instruments have a spatial resolution approaching 2 nm. Although PEEM cannot compete with transmission or scanning electron microscopies for ultimate resolution, the technique is much gentler and has the unique advantage of imaging structure as well as electronic and magnetic states on the nanoscale. Since the image contrast is derived from spatial variations in electron photoemission intensity, PEEM is ideal for interrogating both static and dynamic electronic properties of complex nanostructured materials. Here, we review the key principles and contrast mechanisms of PEEM and briefly summarize materials applications of PEEM.     

某超高层建筑剪力墙及柱子的加固与改造设计

在某超高层建筑改造设计中,对原有结构进行了检测;根据框支柱的实际受力情况和抗震性能要求,采用了加大截面和外贴型钢相结合的方式对其进行加固,以确保延性,满足现行规范的要求。重点介绍了与基础连接以及梁柱节点处框支柱加固的处理办法,并对剪力墙上增设洞口、新旧剪力墙的连接以及边缘构件的处理方式进行了介绍,可为类似项目的结构加固设计提供一定的参考。     

数控系统以太网接口技术的设计与实验研究

以太网用于数控系统首先要解决的就是实时性问题,而实时性问题主要来源于冲突检测载波监听多点访问(CSMA/CD)机制。该文提出了一种基于集总帧,应用于环型拓扑结构的确定性通信系统。该系统实现了各节点的顺序、分时收发数据,有效地避免了通信过程中的冲突,减小了通信延时。经过实验验证,证明了设计的可行性和有效性,能够满足数控系统中确定性通信的要求。     

基于GSM短消息的测试数据远程传输技术研究

远程数据采集系统广泛用于远程技术支援,但一些传统的远程数据采集系统具有一定的缺点和不足,如造价较高,维修不便。在数据量不是很大,实时性要求不是很高的场合,利用GSM短信进行设备测试数据的远程传输是一种较好的选择。设备测试数据的远程传输系统利用文本文件读取信息和测试数据,将信息和数据编码成数据包,并将串口通信技术、多线程技术应用于GSM短消息数据包的远程传输过程中,接收到信息之后进行数据包的解码和数据的分析。文中给出了利用Visual C＋＋6．0串口通信技术开发基于GSM短消息的设备测试数据远程传输系统的关键部分和软件开发流程图。目前该系统已成功应用于设备监测现场,取得了良好的效果。     

SCS-200A频率电压紧急控制装置组态式软件的设计与实现

通过对频率电压紧急控制装置软件的研究,根据软件模块化、分层抽象和隔离数据与程序逻辑的原则,提出了功能设定、数据采集与处理、定值管理、出口控制等组态配置实现的方法。在SCS-200A频率电压紧急控制装置中开发了使用该方法的组态式工程软件,完成了型式试验。使用该软件,有利于频率电压紧急控制装置配置的标准化,有利于频率电压紧急控制装置生产、维护和升级改造的灵活性,有利于提高频率电压紧急控制装置的可靠性。