全文获取类型
收费全文 | 462篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
化学工业 | 4篇 |
金属工艺 | 2篇 |
石油天然气 | 5篇 |
无线电 | 1篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1篇 |
冶金工业 | 450篇 |
自动化技术 | 1篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 1篇 |
2010年 | 1篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2003年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 145篇 |
1997年 | 75篇 |
1996年 | 62篇 |
1995年 | 45篇 |
1994年 | 28篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有464条查询结果,搜索用时 375 毫秒
81.
82.
K Nabeshima T Nakagawa AF Straight A Murray Y Chikashige YM Yamashita Y Hiraoka M Yanagida 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,9(11):3211-3225
In higher eukaryotic cells, the spindle forms along with chromosome condensation in mitotic prophase. In metaphase, chromosomes are aligned on the spindle with sister kinetochores facing toward the opposite poles. In anaphase A, sister chromatids separate from each other without spindle extension, whereas spindle elongation takes place during anaphase B. We have critically examined whether such mitotic stages also occur in a lower eukaryote, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Using the green fluorescent protein tagging technique, early mitotic to late anaphase events were observed in living fission yeast cells. S. pombe has three phases in spindle dynamics, spindle formation (phase 1), constant spindle length (phase 2), and spindle extension (phase 3). Sister centromere separation (anaphase A) rapidly occurred at the end of phase 2. The centromere showed dynamic movements throughout phase 2 as it moved back and forth and was transiently split in two before its separation, suggesting that the centromere was positioned in a bioriented manner toward the poles at metaphase. Microtubule-associating Dis1 was required for the occurrence of constant spindle length and centromere movement in phase 2. Normal transition from phase 2 to 3 needed DNA topoisomerase II and Cut1 but not Cut14. The duration of each phase was highly dependent on temperature. 相似文献
83.
BACKGROUND: The combination of VP-16 and cisplatin is one of the most active regimens available for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), however, most tumors eventually become resistant to these drugs. METHODS: To investigate the problem of resistance to VP-16 and cisplatin in patients with SCLC, we established two resistant sublines from the drug sensitive human SCLC line, NCI-H209, by in vitro selection in VP-16 and cisplatin. RESULTS: The VP-16-selected cell line, H209/VP, was more than 100-fold resistant to VP-16, and displayed cross-resistance to VM-26 and other topoisomerase II interactive drugs, but not to vinca alkaloids. There was no difference in accumulation of VP-16 in H209/VP compared with its parent cell line. The level of topoisomerase II-alpha was reduced to 8% of that in the parent cell line, and there was an altered form of this enzyme with a molecular weight of 160 kilodaltons (kDa), in addition to the normal 170 kDa protein. The cisplatin-selected cell line, H209/CP, was 11.5-fold resistant to cisplatin, with only a low level of cross-resistance to other platinum compounds including carboplatin, tetraplatin, iproplatin, and lobaplatin. This line was highly cross-resistant to vinca alkaloids, but not to anthracyclines or epipodophyllotoxins. The H209/CP cell line was not resistant to cadium chloride, suggesting that alterations in metallothionein are unlikely to be a cause of resistance. Although glutathione (GSH) levels were increased nearly 2-fold in H209/CP, there was no difference in levels of the GSH-related enzymes glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, compared with the parent line. The H209/CP line had a 1.4-fold elevation of topoisomerase II-alpha. The accumulation of cisplatin was reduced in this cell line, and there were fewer DNA-interstrand cross links formed in the presence of cisplatin in H209/CP, compared with the parent line. Neither H209/VP nor H209/CP expressed MDR1, the gene for P-glycoprotein. The MRP gene was expressed at a slightly higher level in the H209/VP cell line, but there was no significant increase in expression of this gene in the H209/CP cell line. CONCLUSIONS: The resistance of the H209/VP cell line is associated with an alteration of topoisomerase II-alpha, whereas the resistance in the H209/CP line is associated with reduced drug accumulation. 相似文献
84.
The relationship between dental disease and cerebral vascular accident in elderly United States veterans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
WJ Loesche A Schork MS Terpenning YM Chen C Kerr BL Dominguez 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,3(1):161-174
Enantiomers of N-methyl-N,alpha-methylbenzylbutyramide (1), 1-butyl-3-methyl-3'-alpha-methylbenzylurea (2), 1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl-N-butylcarbamate (3), 1,1'-bi-2-naphthyl-2, 2'-di-N-butylcarbamate (4), 1, 1'-bi-2-naphthyl-2-ol-2'-N-butylcarbamate (5), and 1, 1'-bi-2-naphthyl-2-butyrate-2'-N-butylcarbamate (6) are inhibitors of porcine pancreatic cholesterol esterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl butyrate and of electric eel acetylcholinesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine in the presence of 5,5'-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoate. For competitive inhibitors, values of the inhibition constant (Ki) and the enantiomeric ratio (Ecomp.) are investigated. For active site-directed irreversible inhibitors, values of the inhibition constant (Ki), the carbamylation constant (k2), the bimolecular rate constant (ki), and the enantiomeric ratio (E) are investigated. Toward both enzymes, compounds 1 are poor competitive inhibitors (Ki=102-104 microM) but have good enantioselectivities (Ecomp.=10-50, the preference for R). R-2 and S-2 are competitive inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase with Ki=26 and 80 microM, respectively (the preference for R) but are active site-directed irreversible inhibitors of cholesterol esterase with ki=4 and 16 M-1 sec-1, respectively (the preference for S). For those competitive inhibitions, both leaving group hydrophilic and hydrophobic binding sites of cholesterol esterase or both anionic substrate binding site and peripheral anionic binding site of acetylcholinesterase bind to N,N-methyl-alpha-methylbenzyl disubstituted amide parts of these inhibitors and the enzyme does not catalyze the hydrolysis of these inhibitors. The opposite stereopreference (S) for the inhibition of cholesterol esterase by compounds 2 may be due to the fact that N, N-methyl-alpha-methylbenzyl disubstituted amide parts of these inhibitors bind to the alkyl chain binding site of the enzyme. Compounds 3-6 are active site-directed irreversible inhibitors of cholesterol esterase (ki=1-13000 M-1 s-1) and peripheral anionic binding site-directed irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (ki=1.7-1300 M-1 s-1). Compounds 3 have low enantioselectivities (E=1.3-1.4) for both enzymes. The stereopreference for atropisomers 4 and 6 is S-form toward both enzymes (E=2-30) and is identical to that of cholesterol esterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of 1,1'-bi-2-naphthyl-2,2'-diacylate. This stereopreference (S) may be due to the fact that the butyryl group or one of two butylcarbamate groups of S-atropisomers binds more effectively to the leaving group hydrophobic binding site of cholesterol esterase or the peripheral anionic binding site of acetylcholinesterase than that of R-atropisomers. The opposite stereopreference (R) for atropisomers 5 toward both enzymes may be due to a favorable interaction between the hydroxyl group of the inhibitors and the leaving group hydrophilic binding site of cholesterol esterase or the peripheral anionic binding site of acetylcholinesterase. 相似文献
85.
86.
H Kim EK Ham YI Kim JG Chi HS Lee SH Park YM Jung NK Myung MJ Lee JJ Jang 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,131(2):177-183
We have shown previously that normal B cells share, with Epstein-Barr virus-transformed and malignant B cells, the ability to activate the alternative pathway (AP) of complement in vitro, resulting in the deposition of C3 fragments on the cell surface. Complement receptor type 2 (CR2, CD21) has been implicated directly as the site for formation of an AP convertase, which provides nascent C3b for deposition at secondary sites on the B-cell surface. In the present study, we have examined C3 fragment deposition in vitro in more detail by (1) assessing the importance of locally generated C3b for the deposition process, (2) investigating whether CR2 is the sole requirement for conferring AP activation capacity on a cell, and (3) determining whether CR2's function, as an AP activator, has different structural requirements from ligand binding. Increasing the availability of native C3, by increasing the serum (NHS) concentration, resulted in enhanced C3 fragment deposition on the B cells, whereas use of factor 1-depleted NHS, which showed massive fluid phase C3 conversion during the incubation, diminished the deposition. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting of untreated and hydroxylamine-treated lysates from B cells, after in vitro activation, revealed that the majority of C3 fragments (primarily iC3b and C3dg) had been covalently bound to the cell surface. Transfection of COS cells with wild-type CR2 or a deletion mutant lacking 11 of the molecule's 15 homologous domains, but retaining the ligand-binding site, revealed that expression of intact CR2 conferred a 12-fold increase in AP-activating capacity on these cells, while no increase in AP activity was apparent on cells transfected with the mutant CR2. 相似文献
87.
1. In the present study, naloxone was tested for its antiplatelet activities in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In human PRP, naloxone (0.1-0.5 mmol/L) inhibited aggregation stimulated by a variety of agonists (i.e. collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), U46619 and adrenaline). 2. Naloxone (0.1-0.5 mmol/L) did not significantly affect cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cGMP levels in human washed platelets, whereas naloxone (0.5 mmol/L) significantly inhibited thromboxane B2 formation stimulated by collagen (5 micrograms/mL) in human washed platelets. 3. Naloxone (0.5 mmol/L) significantly inhibited [3H]-inositol monophosphate formation of [3H]-myoinositol-loaded platelets stimulated by collagen and U46619. Moreover, naloxone did not influence the binding of 125I-triflavin to platelet membranes. Triflavin is an Arg-Gly-Asp-containing specific fibrinogen receptor antagonist. 4. Addition of naloxone (0.5 mmol/L) to platelet preparations tagged with diphenylhexatriene (DPH) resulted in a considerable decrease in relative fluorescence intensity. 5. It is suggested that the anti-platelet effects of naloxone may be caused, at least partly, by the induction of conformational changes in the platelet membrane initially, followed by the inhibition of thromboxane A2 formation and phosphoinositide breakdown of platelets stimulated by agonists. 相似文献
88.
A new plate designed specifically to address complex wrist pathology was used for the internal fixation of 22 complex fractures of the distal radius in 22 patients in a prospective multicenter trial. The majority of fractures were group C2- and C3-type fractures according to the Comprehensive Classification of Fractures. No plate failures, loss of reduction, nonunions, or infections occurred. Within the average follow-up time of 14 months, the functional results (including an average motion of 76% and an average grip strength of 56% of the contralateral side) were comparable to those reported for similar fractures in previous investigations. Five patients had irritation of the tendons in the second dorsal compartment. This trial serves both as a verification of the safety and efficacy of this distal radius plate as well as a demonstration of its utility in the treatment of complex fractures of the distal radius. 相似文献
89.
90.
The background and tasks of occupational health nurses in North Dakota vary considerably. Those entering the field have little or no previous exposure to occupational health nursing and must develop skill through seminars, corporate training or area associates. In most instances, the nurse represents the occupational safety and health program for the firm and must take on additional roles such as safety director or assistant plant manager. In addition, the occupational health nurse performs numerous in-plant medical services ranging from emergency medical care to counseling and education. The occupational health nurse in North Dakota generally does not record family histories, take throat cultures, take routine x-rays, make hospital or home visits nor perform air sampling or noise level measurements. 相似文献