沙尔布尔山地区铜矿化特征与矿化标志初步研究

本文对在填困区一和布克赛尔县沙尔布尔山地区发现的铜矿化点的地质概况、矿物组合及地化元素组合特征进行了初步研究，并对矿化规律及矿化标志提出了认识，为今后进一步开展找矿工作提供依据．     

Pyroelectric properties and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of R.F. magnetron-sputtering-derived PZT thin films deposited on various interlayers

PZT thin films and interlayers were fabricated by the radio frequency (r.f.) Magnetron-sputtering from the Pb_1.1Zr_0.53Ti_0.47O₃, PbO and TiO₂ target. As a result of the XPS depth profile analysis, we can confirm that the substrate temperature affects the oxidation condition of each element of interlayers and the PZT film. Compared to the PZT/Pt structure, the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of PZT thin films inserted by interlayers were measured to a relatively high value. In particular, the PZT/PbO structure had the highest pyroelectric properties (P = 189.4 μC/cm²K; F _D = 12.7×10⁻⁶ Pa^−1/2; F _V = 0.018 m²/C).     

数字摄像法测量白天能见度算法设计

数字摄像法测量白天大气能见度,常用的方法是双亮度差法,此方法需尽可能保证标准的观测条件,例如两组目标-背景视线方向一致,尽量选择观测反射率低得可以忽略的人工实用黑体目标物等,否则会产生较大的误差。为此设计了一种新的基于数字摄像机的白天能见度算法:拍摄包含合适的目标物和天空背景图像,通过暗原色先验估计透射率,通过调节光圈大小获得散焦图像,把S变换应用到图像处理中,计算视觉距离,可以得出大气消光系数,从而反演出大气能见度值。实验数据表明,该算法在能见度的值在4 000~8 000 m范围内最大误差小于9%,测量结果比双亮度差方法误差减小2.1%~3.4%。     

Effect of nanoparticle surface functionality on microdomain orientation in block copolymer thin films under electric field

The electric field induced microdomain orientations has been an interesting research topic. In this article, the effect of nanoparticle surface functionality on microdomain alignments in block copolymer/nanoparticle hybrid thin films was investigated with transmission electron microscopy experiments. The presence of gold nanoparticles influenced the microdomain orientation behaviors of block copolymer/nanoparticle thin films. The possibility for complete alignment normal to the substrate was illustrated by controlling electric field strength, concentration, and surface ligands of nanoparticles. This work provides basic and essential data to understand the properties and behaviors of emerging block copolymer/nanoparticle hybrid thin films.     

Identification and Optimization of Microbial Attractants for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Philornis downsi</Emphasis>, an Invasive Fly Parasitic on Galapagos Birds

We investigated the role of olfactory cues from actively fermenting yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in attraction of adult Philornis downsi and identified two synergistically attractive yeast volatiles. Larvae of this invasive fly parasitize the hatchlings of passerines and threaten the Galapagos avifauna. Gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD), coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and field trapping experiments were used to identify volatile compounds from a yeast-sugar solution. EAD responses were consistently elicited by 14 yeast volatiles. In a series of field trapping experiments, a mixture of the 14 EAD-active compounds was similarly attractive to P. downsi when compared to the yeast-sugar solution, and we found that acetic acid and ethanol were essential for attraction. A mixture of 0.03 % acetic acid and 3 % ethanol was as attractive as the 14-component blend, but was not as attractive as the yeast-sugar solution. Philornis downsi showed positive and negative dose-responses to acetic acid in the ranges of 0.01 ~ 0.3 % and 0.3 ~ 9 %, respectively. Further optimization showed that the mixture of 1 % acetic acid and 3 % ethanol was as attractive as the yeast-sugar solution. Both mixtures of acetic acid and ethanol were more selective than the yeast-sugar solution in terms of non-target moths and Polistes versicolor wasps captured. These results indicate that acetic acid and ethanol produced by yeasts are crucial for P. downsi attraction to fermented materials on which they feed as adults and can be used to manage this invasive fly in Galapagos.     

Dissolution kinetics of alumina in molten CaO–Al2O3–FetO–MgO–SiO2 oxide representing the RH slag in steelmaking process

In order to effectively remove alumina inclusions suspending in ultra-low C steel during RH process, the dissolution kinetics of alumina in molten CaO–Al₂O₃–Fe_tO–MgO–SiO₂ oxide was investigated. A crucible dissolution technique was used where the alumina crucible was allowed to dissolve in the slag of various conditions ((% CaO)/(% Al₂O₃), (% Fe_tO), temperature). The obtained data were interpreted using a kinetic mass transport equation to obtain the mass transport coefficient (k_m) in each condition. Increasing (% CaO)/(% Al₂O₃), (% Fe_tO), and temperature increased the dissolution rate as well as the k_m provided that the slag composition is not close to its saturation composition by alumina. In order to simulate the dissolution of alumina inclusion in the RH slag, which cannot be measured by a confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) at present due to the opaqueness of the slag, the modified invariant interface approximation was employed. Along with the obtained k_m, the viscosity of slag, and a reference experiment using the CSLM, the dissolution kinetics of alumina inclusion in the Fe_tO-containing RH slag was predicted. The time required for the dissolution of alumina inclusions from liquid steel to RH slag was discussed.     

Quantum Dots for Hybrid Energy Harvesting: From Integration to Piezo‐Phototronics

Energy harvesting, which converts wasted environmental energy into electricity by utilizing various physical effects, hasattracted tremendous research interests as is one of the key technologies to realize advanced electronics in the future. In this review, we introduce recent progress in the field of hybrid energy harvesting technology. In particular, we focus on a quantum dots (QD)‐based hybrid energy harvesting device. Attributed to fascinating material properties that QD possess, employment of QDs into hybrid energy harvesting has shown great potential for independent and sustainable energy supply.First, an integration of a QD solar cell into a mechanical energy harvester is discussed to harness different types of environmental energy sources simultaneously. Second, a comprehensive explanation of a piezotronic and piezo‐phototronic effect is provided, which is followed by QD‐based piezo‐phototronic applications. Finally, we summarize recent progress that has been made in energy harvesting technology involving a photovoltaic and piezo/triboelectric effect     

Depth-Fused 3D Imagery on an Immaterial Display

We present an immaterial display that uses a generalized form of depth-fused 3D (DFD) rendering to create unencumbered 3D visuals. To accomplish this result, we demonstrate a DFD display simulator that extends the established depth-fused 3D principle by using screens in arbitrary configurations and from arbitrary viewpoints. The feasibility of the generalized DFD effect is established with a user study using the simulator. Based on these results, we developed a prototype display using one or two immaterial screens to create an unencumbered 3D visual that users can penetrate, examining the potential for direct walk-through and reach-through manipulation of the 3D scene. We evaluate the prototype system in formative and summative user studies and report the tolerance thresholds discovered for both tracking and projector errors.     

Performance of TZCD-MBOK watermarking scheme in T-DMB systems

Recently, watermarking based data transmission techniques using terrestrial digital TV signal have been proposed since they are also cost-free and can overcome the limitations of GPS. However, in the previous watermarking based methods, the detection accuracy is low and additional data rate is too low. Thus, we propose the throughput enhancement method by employing the TZCD-MBOK watermarking technique in T-DMB system. By applying the proposed scheme to T-DMB, it allows additional data transmission for disaster broadcasting and improves efficiency of data transmission in shadow region and indoor to mobile environment through watermarking spread code. From the simulation results, we confirm the proposed watermarking scheme affected on the existing T-DMB signal. Moreover, it was also confirmed that the system capacity increases as the power of additional watermarking signal rose. The results of the paper can be applied to wireless multimedia digital broadcasting systems.