Reinforced Wool Keratin Fibers via Dithiol Chain Re-bonding

Regenerated wool keratin fibers (RWKFs) have heretofore attracted tremendous interest according to environmental friendliness, ample resource, and intrinsic biocompatibility for broad applications. In this realm, both uncontrollable keratin fibril assembly procedure and resultant insufficient mechanical strength, have greatly hindered their large-scale manufacture and commercial viability. Herein, a continuous wet-spinning strategy is put forward to rebuild wool keratin into compact regenerated bio-fibers with improved strength via disulfide re-bonding. Dithiothreitol (DTT) has been introduced to renovate disulfide linkage inside keratin polypeptide chains, and bridge keratin fibrils via covalent thiol bonding to form a continuous backbone as mechanical support. A thus-derived RWKF manifests a tensile strength of 186.1 ± 7.0 MPa and Young's modulus of 7.4 ± 0.2 GPa, which exceeds those of natural wool, feathers, and regenerated wool or feather keratin fibers. The detailed wet-spinning technical parameters, such as coagulation, oxidation, and post-treatment, have been systematically optimized to guarantee the continuous preparation of high-strength regenerated keratin fibers. This work offers insight into solving the concurrent challenges for continuous manufacture of regenerated protein fibers and sustainability concerns about biomass waste.     

Phase-Separated Polyzwitterionic Hydrogels with Tunable Sponge-Like Structures for Stable Solar Steam Generation

Solar steam generation (SSG) through hydrogel-based evaporators has shown great promise for freshwater production. However, developing hydrogel-based evaporators with stable SSG performance in high-salinity brines remains challenging. Herein, phase-separated polyzwitterionic hydrogel-based evaporators are presented with sponge-like structures comprising interconnected pores for stable SSG performance, which are fabricated by photopolymerization of sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) in water-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixed solvents. It is shown that driven by competitive adsorption, the structures of the resulting poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) hydrogels can be readily tuned by the volume ratio of DMSO to achieve phase separation. The optimized phase-separated PSBMA hydrogels, combining the unique anti-polyelectrolyte effects of polyzwitterionic hydrogels, demonstrate a rapid water transport capability in brines. After introducing photothermal polypyrrole particles on the surface of the phase-separated PSBMA hydrogel evaporators, a stable water evaporation rate of ≈2.024 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ and high solar-to-vapor efficiency of ≈97.5% in a 3.5 wt.% brine are obtained under simulated solar light irradiation (1.0 kW m⁻²). Surprisingly, the evaporation rates remain stable even under high-intensity solar irradiation (2.0 kW m⁻²). It is anticipated that the polyzwitterionic hydrogel evaporators with sponge-like porous structures will contribute to developing SSG technology for high-salinity seawater applications.     

One-Component Artificial Gustatory System Based on Hydrogen-Bond Organic Framework for Discrimination of Versatile Analytes

Hydrogen-bond organic frameworks (HOFs) with excellent structural and luminescent properties have emerged as a promising material for the construction of fluorescence sensors. However, designing a facile, universal and high throughput sensor with multiplex detection capacity still remains challenging. Herein, a one-component sensor array is constructed that mimics natural gustatory system for accurate and high-throughput discrimination and identification of versatile analytes. HOF as a single sensing element greatly simplifies the probe preparation in sensor array and detection procedure. Metal ions, proteins and bacteria as the model targets are rapid and accurately discriminated, presenting the universality of the system. Particularly, the system is successfully used for the classification of antibiotic mechanisms. The study expands the application scope of HOFs and provides a facile and universal system for sensing applications.     

Millimeter-Wave Bandpass Filters by Standard 0.18-μm CMOS Technology

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bandpass filters are presented using the standard 0.18-mum CMOS process. Without any postprocessing steps, thin film microstrip (TFMS) structure is properly constructed on the low-resistivity silicon substrate, aiming at reducing the substrate loss and crosstalk to a large extent. Using the broadside-coupled scheme, a tight coupling is achieved so as to make up a class of low-loss and broadband TFMS bandpass filters in the mm-wave range. To achieve a small size, one-stage and two-stage filters with sinuous-shaped resonators are designed and fabricated. A good agreement between the predicted and measured results has been observed up to 110 GHz     

GPRS在供水调度监控系统中的应用

针对当前城市供水调度监控点分布范围广、数量多、距离远的现状，提出了一种基于GPRS技术的城市供水调度监控系统的设计和实现方法。具体描述了监控现场的硬件连接；同时对该技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

电磁兼容在空调设计中的应用

本文研究了家用空调中所涉及的电磁兼容技术,介绍电磁兼容EMC技术的研究现状,对家用空调中的EMC共性进行了分析,着重讨论了代微处理器的空调的EMC问题,在此基础上讨论了提高产品抗干扰能力的理论和对策,可供代微处理器的空调和其它家用电器的生产厂家的EMC设计、生产、作参考.     

边缘检测算子在汽车牌照区域检测中的应用

本文介绍了常用的几种边缘检测算子,不同的微分算子对不同边缘检测的敏感程度是不同的,因此对不同类型的边缘提取,应该采用对此类边缘敏感的算子进行边缘提取.针对车辆牌照自动识别,通过Matlab6.5进行了仿真研究,并比较和分析了这些算子的特点和作用,从中选出了合适的方法.     

未来PCB市场的新变化

文章以世界IC市场发展前景为“参照物”,研究、讨论PCB未来市场发展的趋势,以及重点阐述了未来PCB新的巨大市场——数字家电产品的形成问题。     

A Five-Phase Reservation Protocol (FPRP) for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

A new single channel, time division multiple access (TDMA)-based broadcast scheduling protocol, termed the Five-Phase Reservation Protocol (FPRP), is presented for mobile ad hoc networks. The protocol jointly and simultaneously performs the tasks of channel access and node broadcast scheduling. The protocol allows nodes to make reservations within TDMA broadcast schedules. It employs a contention-based mechanism with which nodes compete with each other to acquire TDMA slots. The FPRP is free of the hidden terminal problem, and is designed such that reservations can be made quickly and efficiently with negligible probability of conflict. It is fully-distributed and parallel (a reservation is made through a localized conversation between nodes in a 2-hop neighborhood), and is thus scalable. A multihop ALOHA policy is developed to support the FPRP. This policy uses a multihop, pseudo-Bayesian algorithm to calculate contention probabilities and enable faster convergence of the reservation procedure. The performance of the protocol, measured in terms of scheduling quality, scheduling overhead and robustness in the presence of nodal mobility, has been studied via simulations. The results showed that the protocol works very well in all three aspects. Some future work and applications are also discussed.     

单平面紧凑型微波光子晶体在PIFA天线中的应用

平面倒F天线(PIFA)辐射贴片与金属地平面的距离通常很大,限制了该天线的小型化应用.提出对U型缝隙PIFA天线中加入单平面紧凑型微波光子晶体(简称UC-EBG),利用其电磁带隙结构实现了天线的低剖面.仿真结果表明:与同等尺寸的普通PIFA天线相比较,小尺寸UC-EBG结构天线回波损耗降低了102％,带宽增加了159％...