高寒地区多金属矿巷道掘进炮烟扩散规律研究

针对高海拔金属矿山井下爆破炮烟扩散产生的安全问题,以西藏甲玛铜矿4470m中段独头巷道为研究对象,借助Fluent软件开展高海拔金属矿山井下爆破炮烟扩散规律数值模拟计算,基于模拟结果研究不同通风工况对一氧化碳排除速度的影响;对通风期间的掘进巷道进行风险演化分析。结果表明:风量大小为2.03m3/s、风筒直径为0.5m的通风条件下,井下爆破产生的CO气体浓度在规定时间内即可达到井下作业安全标准;风筒口到掌子面距离与巷道内CO排除速度呈负相关性。基于上述规律将CO的扩散区域划分为安全区、亚安全区、中度危险区以及危险区4个区域,并得出对不同风量下,巷道达到安全区所需要的通风时间二者之间关系式。     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田南部古风化壳岩溶储层有效性评价

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田南部奥陶系马家沟组马五_(1-2)亚段白云岩储层由于风化岩溶作用形成了复杂的孔隙系统,孔隙结构的复杂性增强了储层的非均质性和各向异性,也增加了储层有效性评价的难度。通过钻井取心和录井资料标定常规测井曲线,结合压汞、铸体薄片、成像测井、核磁共振测井及试气资料,分别从影响储层孔隙结构的岩性、缝洞、物性、平面分布等方面对该层段进行了储层有效性综合评价,形成了一套适合该地区储层的测井有效性评价标准,并建立了具有不同孔隙结构储层的测井识别模式。研究结果表明:岩性较纯的细粉晶云岩孔隙结构较好、缝洞配置良好、基质物性好,因而储层有效性好,产能相对较高;向东和东北倾斜的古地貌对储层的分布具有明显的控制作用.由西向东及由西南向东北方向的储层,其有效性逐渐变差,产能逐渐降低。所得到的储层有效性评价指标在相同岩溶机理形成的其他地区也具有一定的适用性.只需根据具体储层特征和试气结果进行标定,适当调整标准即可使用。     

An Examination of Tabriz Gardens in Iranian Garden Art

This study was conducted to determine the place of historic gardens in the city of Tabriz vis-a-vis Iranian garden arts. It provides information on the historic gardens of Tabriz, which are no longer in existence, for example, ‘Saheb Abad’ Garden, ‘North’ Garden, ‘Sefa’ Garden, ‘Amir Kabir’ Garden, ‘Saheb Divan’Garden and ‘Fath Abad’ Garden, as well as four historical maps belonging to the Qajar era in the city of Tabriz. In this research, the factors influencing the design of El-Goli Garden were studied, which can be grouped into three major categories: physical, biological and cultural. After a brief study of the above factors in the city of Tabriz and its different microclimates, the types of similarities that exist relating to Iranian garden art were determined.     

Historical Gardens at Risk of the Destruction by Visitors,Case Study of El-Goli Garden (Iran)

This study, which was conducted on the only surviving garden of the historic gardens in the city of Tabriz in Iran (i.e. the garden of El-Goli), closely examines its importance and place in the Iranian art of gardening. El-Goli garden is considered as an important place in the city by foreign and local tourists. However, in recent years, with the development of Tabriz and consequently the increased need for green space and recreational areas for citizens, this historic garden has become a public promenade and park. This paper examines the risks and threats posed by the change in land use. Since visitors are the main threats, a questionnaire was developed to identify their reasons for visiting the garden, their behaviour in the garden and how they use this historic garden. The questionnaire was completed by 100 visitors who were randomly selected. The table of frequency for each variable was prepared using SPSS software. Finally, the results show that most visitors not only are unaware of the historical value, but also come to the garden for other purposes such as recreation, leisure and use of facilities and so on. Thus, their attitudes and behaviours will pave the way for the destruction of the garden.     

以文脉设计理念为主线的教学体系探索--城市设计与建筑设计教学课程的融合①

城乡建设快速推进的背景下,建筑与环境的关系问题被凸显,建筑学教育中基于城市视角的观念培养变得尤为必要。本文结合现状教学中城市设计和建筑设计课程相互独立设置所产生的问题,提出以文脉设计理念为主线将两者进行融合的教学新体系,使学生能够更加深刻地理解建筑与城市等环境的关系。新教学架构从价值观的树立、思维方式的调整、设计方法的加强和综合能力的培养等方面阐述了培养的重点,并对相应的教学方法实践进行了详细论述。     

大豆乳清废水的回收利用研究进展

大豆乳清废水（SWW）是豆腐和大豆分离蛋白生产过程产生的废水。该废水排放量大,且富含大豆乳清蛋白、低聚糖和大豆异黄酮等有机物。目前,大部分企业将该废水排放至污水处理厂进行生化处理,不仅造成豆腐和大豆分离蛋白生产成本的增加,还导致大量有机物的流失。因此,资源化大豆乳清废水成为企业亟待解决的难题。鉴于此,本文从回收大豆乳清废水中的活性成分和生物转化大豆乳清废水两个角度,综述了近年来大豆乳清废水资源化的相关研究报道,并指出了两种策略的优缺点。研究发现,大部分大豆乳清废水资源化方法尚处于实验阶段,仅在废水中大豆乳清蛋白的回收并用于动物饲料与生物转化为沼气两个方面实现了工业化生产。针对上述现状,提出在未来应从以下三个方面进行研究以促进大豆乳清废水资源化的大规模资源化:降低大豆乳清废水中活性成分的分离成本并提高其利用价值;提高大豆乳清废水生物转化效率、转化率和产品附加值;对资源化方法进行经济效益核算,评估其工业化的可能性。     

Rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella Typhimurium on eggshells by using wireless biosensors

This article presents rapid, sensitive, direct detection of Salmonella Typhimurium on eggshells by using wireless magnetoelastic (ME) biosensors. The biosensor consists of a freestanding, strip-shaped ME resonator as the signal transducer and the E2 phage as the biomolecular recognition element that selectively binds with Salmonella Typhimurium. This ME biosensor is a type of mass-sensitive biosensor that can be wirelessly actuated into mechanical resonance by an externally applied timevarying magnetic field. When the biosensor binds with Salmonella Typhimurium, the mass of the sensor increases, resulting in a decrease in the sensor's resonant frequency. Multiple E2 phage-coated biosensors (measurement sensors) were placed on eggshells spiked with Salmonella Typhimurium of various concentrations (1.6 to 1.6 × 10(7) CFU/cm(2)). Control sensors without phage were also used to compensate for environmental effects and nonspecific binding. After 20 min in a humidity-controlled chamber (95%) to allow binding of the bacteria to the sensors to occur, the resonant frequency of the sensors was wirelessly measured and compared with their initial resonant frequency. The resonant frequency change of the measurement sensors was found to be statistically different from that of the control sensors down to 1.6 × 10(2) CFU/cm(2), the detection limit for this work. In addition, scanning electron microscopy imaging verified that the measured resonant frequency changes were directly related to the number of bound cells on the sensor surface. The total assay time of the presented methodology was approximately 30 min, facilitating rapid detection of Salmonella Typhimurium without any preceding sampling procedures.     

高产油脂菌株的筛选及其利用柠檬酸废水发酵的工艺优化

文中采用了高效的常压室温等离子体(ARTP)诱变技术,结合流式细胞仪对经过尼罗红染色后的细胞进行了高通量筛选,获得了一株高产油脂的粘红酵母菌株,油脂含量较出发菌株提高了69.4%。将分选得到的菌株利用柠檬酸废水进行微生物油脂的生产。研究了废水稀释比例、初始pH值、初始补糖浓度对粘红酵母生长、油脂积累和COD降解率的影响。结果表明,最适的发酵条件为使用废水原液,pH值为5.5,初始补糖浓度为20g/L。此时,粘红酵母的生物量、油脂含量、油脂产量和COD降解率分别达到9.18g/L、37.66%、3.27g/L和63.3%。并且利用气相色谱-质谱分析了脂肪酸的组成。所产菌体的油脂成分中,不含和脂肪酸的含量较基础培养基提高了10.5%,可达88.32%,主要成分是油酸和亚油酸。表明柠檬酸废水适于粘红酵母进行微生物油脂的生产,并进一步用于生物柴油的制备。     

半导体催化剂光还原二氧化碳研究进展

本文介绍了以半导体为催化剂,对CO_2进行光催化还原的产物及产率、光转化效率、反应途经和机理以及催化剂制备等方面的国外研究的进展,以引起国内读者注意并开展此项具有诱人前景的工作。     

空心镍球在太阳能吸热涂层上的研究应用

将超细空心镍粉与丙烯酸树脂混合制成涂料,采用浸沾法制备太阳能选择性吸收涂层并测试涂层的光学性能.测试结果表明,涂层有很高的吸收率(0.98),可能由于丙烯酸树脂或者涂层过厚的原因,涂层有比较高的发射率.涂层的吸收率会随着镍粉粒径的增大而减小,发射率则随着涂层的厚度增大而增大,与镍粉粒径无关.