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排序方式: 共有179条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
91.
This paper considers a probabilistic local polling process, examines its properties, and proposes its use in the context of distributed network protocols for achieving consensus. The resulting consensus algorithm is very simple and lightweight, yet it enjoys some desirable properties, such as proportionate agreement (namely, reaching a consensus value of one with probability proportional to the number of ones in the inputs), resilience against dynamic link failures and recoveries, and (weak) self-stabilization. The paper also investigates the maximum influence of small sets and establishes results analogous to those obtained for the problem in the deterministic polling model. 相似文献
92.
Ignition of several pyrotechnic mixtures by diode‐laser was studied experimentally using a novel combustion chamber. The ignition delay times dependence on laser intensity could be fit by the expression tign=aI−n for all compositions, with I being the laser intensity at target and n=1.4–2.1. This is roughly in accordance with thermal ignition theories assuming a semi‐inert solid. Differences in ignition delay times did not depend on fuel alone or oxidizer alone. The temperature of oxidizer decomposition does not correlate with ignition delay time. Furthermore, the steady state combustion temperature, deduced from emission spectra of the composition products are not correlated with ignition delay time. It is proposed that chemical reactions, taking place in the gas‐phase or in the solid‐phase, play a significant role, but are not solely responsible for ignition delay time. The seemingly uncorrelated ignition delay results between pyrotechnics containing either the same fuel or oxidizer hamper the construction of a “unified theory” for laser ignition of pyrotechnic mixtures. 相似文献
93.
Neta Zilony‐Hanin Michal Rosenberg Michal Richman Ronen Yehuda Hadas Schori Menachem Motiei Shai Rahimipour Alexander Groisman Ester Segal Orit Shefi 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,15(45)
Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a vital role in reducing the loss of cholinergic neurons in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its delivery to the brain remains a challenge. Herein, NGF is loaded into degradable oxidized porous silicon (PSiO2) carriers, which are designed to carry and continuously release the protein over a 1 month period. The released NGF exhibits a substantial neuroprotective effect in differentiated rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells against amyloid‐beta (Aβ)‐induced cytotoxicity, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease. Next, two potential localized administration routes of the porous carriers into murine brain are investigated: implantation of PSiO2 chips above the dura mater, and biolistic bombardment of PSiO2 microparticles through an opening in the skull using a pneumatic gene gun. The PSiO2‐implanted mice are monitored for a period of 8 weeks and no inflammation or adverse effects are observed. Subsequently, a successful biolistic delivery of these highly porous microparticles into a live‐mouse brain is demonstrated for the first time. The bombarded microparticles are observed to penetrate the brain and reach a depth of 150 µm. These results pave the way for using degradable PSiO2 carriers as potential localized delivery systems for NGF to the brain. 相似文献
94.
Almir Mutapcic Stephen Boyd Ardavan Farjadpour Steven G. Johnson Yehuda Avniel 《工程优选》2013,45(4):365-384
This article concerns the design of tapers for coupling power between uniform and slow-light periodic waveguides. New optimization methods are described for designing robust tapers, which not only perform well under nominal conditions, but also over a given set of parameter variations. When the set of parameter variations models the inevitable variations typical in the manufacture or operation of the coupler, a robust design is one that will have a high yield, despite these parameter variations. The ideas of successive refinement, and robust optimization based on multi-scenario optimization with iterative sampling of uncertain parameters, using a fast method for approximately evaluating the reflection coefficient, are introduced. Robust design results are compared to a linear taper, and to optimized tapers that do not take parameter variation into account. Finally, robust performance of the resulting designs is verified using an accurate, but much more expensive, method for evaluating the reflection coefficient. 相似文献
95.
Yehuda Lindell 《Journal of Cryptology》2013,26(4):638-654
In this note, we show the existence of constant-round computational zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge for all $\mathcal {NP}$ . The existence of constant-round zero-knowledge proofs was proven by Goldreich and Kahan (Journal of Cryptology, 1996), and the existence of constant-round zero-knowledge arguments of knowledge was proven by Feige and Shamir (CRYPTO, 1989). However, the existence of constant-round zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge for all $\mathcal {NP}$ is folklore, to the best of our knowledge, since no proof of this fact has been published. 相似文献
96.
This article reviews memory-related impairments in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder and their possible association to neuroendocrine alterations seen in this disorder. The neuroendocrine profile in PTSD first described in chronically ill combat veterans is characterized by lower basal cortisol levels, higher glucocorticoid receptor number, enhanced sensitivity to exogenous steroids, and increased variation in basal cortisol levels over the diurnal cycle. The generalizability and time course of these neuroendocrine alterations are explored in longitudinal studies and studies in other traumatized populations. These studies suggest that at least some aspects of this neuroendocrine profile can also be seen in other populations, including women, children, and victims of childhood trauma. Additionally, the alterations may be present early in the course of illness, perhaps even in the immediate aftermath of trauma, and may continue to be manifest in elderly trauma survivors. The mechanisms by which these neuroendocrine alterations may influence the formation and processing of traumatic memories are discussed. 相似文献
97.
Universal composability and concurrent general composition consider a setting where secure protocols are run concurrently with each other and with arbitrary other possibly insecure protocols. Protocols that meet the definition of universal composability are guaranteed to remain secure even when run in this strongly adversarial setting. In the case of an honest majority, or where there is a trusted setup phase of some kind (like a common reference string or the key-registration public-key infrastructure of Barak et al.?in FOCS 2004), it has been shown that any functionality can be securely computed in a universally composable way. On the negative side, it has also been shown that in the plain model where there is no trusted setup at all, there are large classes of functionalities which cannot be securely computed in a universally composable way without an honest majority. In this paper, we extend these impossibility results for universal composability. We study a number of public-key models and show for which models the impossibility results of universal composability hold and for which they do not. We also consider a setting where the inputs to the protocols running in the network are fixed before any execution begins. The majority of our results are negative and we show that the known impossibility results for universal composability in the case of no honest majority extend to many other settings. 相似文献
98.
99.
Matrix Factorization Techniques for Recommender Systems 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
As the Netflix Prize competition has demonstrated, matrix factorization models are superior to classic nearest-neighbor techniques for producing product recommendations, allowing the incorporation of additional information such as implicit feedback, temporal effects, and confidence levels. 相似文献
100.
Raz Tamir Yehuda Singer 《The VLDB Journal The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases》2006,15(1):40-52
This article presents a new interestingness measure for association rules called confidence gain (CG). Focus is given to extraction
of human associations rather than associations between market products. There are two main differences between the two (human
and market associations). The first difference is the strong asymmetry of human associations (e.g., the association “shampoo”
→ “hair” is much stronger than “hair” → “shampoo”), where in market products asymmetry is less intuitive and less evident.
The second is the background knowledge humans employ when presented with a stimulus (input phrase).
CG calculates the local confidence of a given term compared to its average confidence throughout a given database. CG is found
to outperform several association measures since it captures both the asymmetric notion of an association (as in the confidence
measure) while adding the comparison to an expected confidence (as in the lift measure). The use of average confidence introduces
the “background knowledge” notion into the CG measure.
Various experiments have shown that CG and local confidence gain (a low-complexity version of CG) successfully generate association
rules when compared to human free associations. The experiments include a large-scale “free sssociation Turing test” where
human free associations were compared to associations generated by the CG and other association measures. Rules discovered
by CG were found to be significantly better than those discovered by other measures.
CG can be used for many purposes, such as personalization, sense disambiguation, query expansion, and improving classification
performance of small item sets within large databases.
Although CG was found to be useful for Internet data retrieval, results can be easily used over any type of database.
Edited by J. Srivastava 相似文献