PA66/UHMWPE合金的力学性能和微观结构研究

制备了PA66／uHMwPE／HDPE-g-MAH共混合金，并对其力学性能和微观结构进行了研究。结果表明，随着UHMWPE质量分数的增加，共混合金常温和低温下的缺口冲击强度都显著提高，拉伸强度和拉伸模量下降，但仍能保持较高的力学性能；添加了UHMWPE的PA66合金的断裂面有大量的空穴产生和应力发白现象。     

陶瓷注射成形技术进展

陶瓷粉末注射成形是从现代粉末注射成形技术中发展起来的一项新型成形技术。本文着重论述了陶瓷注射成形发展的历史、技术特点、工艺及进展情况，并介绍了CIM的典型产品和应用领域。     

Preparation of ordered mesoporous SiCN ceramics with large surface area and high thermal stability

For the first time, highly ordered two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) mesoporous SiCN ceramics with high surface area and high thermal stability were prepared by nanocasting a preceramic polymer solution into mesoporous carbon templates, CMK-3 and CMK-8, respectively. As a negative replica of CMK-3 carbon, the obtained mesoporous SiCN ceramic possessed an ordered 2-D hexagonal mesostructure, which is similar to the structure of SBA-15 silica except for the reduced dimensions. An ordered 3-D cubic mesoporous SiCN ceramic was also fabricated using CMK-8 as a template. The wall of the mesoporous SiCN replicas consisted of an amorphous SiCN ceramic phase, which possessed high thermal stability at high temperature up to 1000 °C. N₂-sorption isotherms revealed that these ordered mesoporous SiCN ceramics have high BET surface areas (up to 472 m² g⁻¹) and narrow pore-size distributions, which was preserved even after a re-treatment at 1000 °C in air. The use of carbon template played an important role in the preparation of mesoporous SiCN replicas and enhanced the thermal stability of the SiCN products. It is expected that many other types of ordered mesoporous ceramics can be prepared from nanoporous carbon by nanocasting method.     

Preparation of narrowly distributed nanoparticles of poly(n‐butyl methacrylate‐co‐vinyl pyrrolidone) through microemulsion polymerization

Narrowly distributed nanoparticles of poly (n‐butyl methacrylate‐co‐vinyl pyrrolidone) were prepared through microemulsion polymerization with a nonionic surfactant of Tween‐80 as emulsifier (6 wt % of the latex) and n‐butanol as coemulsifier. The polymerizations were initiated with benzoylperoxide (BPO), potassium persulfate (KPS), KPS/ferric sulfate (FeSO₄), and BPO/FeSO₄, respectively, where the initiation in the case of BPO/FeSO₄ took place mainly at the interphase between the oil phase and the reaction media. Namely, this interfacial‐initiated microemulsion polymerization resulted in larger particles with relatively narrower particle size distribution as well as higher limiting monomer conversion but lower polymerization rate compared with the polymerization initiated with KPS/FeSO₄. In this article, the influences of initiation method, monomer ratio, and addition of water‐soluble components on microemulsion polymerization and latex particle size were studied to discuss the mechanism of interfacial‐initiated microemulsion polymerization. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2334–2340, 2004     

PP/纳米级CaCO_3复合材料的研究

研究了纳米级CaCO3填充粒状、粉状PP复合材料的力学性能,并用SEM观察纳米级碳酸钙在PP中的分散状态及用SALS分析了其结晶行为。结果表明,粉状PP更有利于纳米级碳酸钙在PP中的分散,并具有更好的加工性能、力学性能。同时纳米级碳酸钙改性PP的SALS图像变得弥散、模糊,PP球晶变得不完善,晶粒更小。     

Morphology and mechanical properties of blends of thermoplastic polyurethane and polyolefins

Polyolefins (PO) were melt mixed with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) in a 20 : 80 weight ratio with or without compatibilizer containing 0.5 wt % of maleic anhydride. Effects of component viscosities on morphology and on mechanical properties of the blend were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), tensile property analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was found that the disperse particle size of compatibilizer‐free blends decreased with the decreasing viscosity ratio of the disperse phase to TPU. The efficiency of the compatibilizer in reducing the particle size varied with viscosity ratios of the disperse phase to compatibilizer. However, the particle size did not decrease with the decreasing viscosity ratio monotonically. With lower viscosity ratio, addition of 5 wt % compatibilizer resulted in a greater reduction of particle size and less loss in the tensile properties as compared to the TPU matrix. For the polyethene (PE) that has the lowest viscosity value among all the POs, its size in the blend was stabilized with the addition of compatibilizer and no compatibilization was detected by DMA and by tensile property analysis. The mobility of the disperse phase and compatibilizer and the dispersion competition between them seemed important. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 875–883, 2006     

改性水性硝化纤维素乳液研究

采用醇酸树脂转相乳化法和丙烯酸酯类单体互穿聚合物网络聚合法制备改性硝化纤维素乳液。研究了醇酸树脂、丙烯酸酯类单体乳化剂用量等因素对乳液性能的影响。结果表明，丙烯酸酯类单体改性互穿聚合物网络聚合法制得的乳液效果好.     

5000t/d水泥窑Kalina循环余热发电系统应用

根据氨-水混合物的物性,讨论了不同热源温度下Kalina循环适用的工质参数匹配,以5 000 t/d新型干法水泥生产线为研究对象,将Kalina循环系统用于水泥窑余热发电.通过系统的流程仿真模拟,得出了Kalina循环在给定废热条件下的做功能力及系统热力学性能.计算结果表明,Kalina循环系统比Rank ine循环系统发电功率提高20.4%,热效率绝对值提高2.66%,效率达到44.31%.     

脉冲电子束系统沉积高温超导薄膜研究

高温超导薄膜生长是研究超导现象和超导器件的基础,一直是凝聚态物理研究的一个重要课题。各种各样的薄膜生长方法都被应用于高温超导薄膜的生长研究。采用一种崭新的薄膜沉积设备——脉冲电子束沉积系统(PED)成功制备出了NCCO、LSCO高温超导薄膜,并通过优化沉积参数,获得了具有良好表面形貌和超导转变特性的高温超导薄膜。     

基于改进遗传算法的空间网架结构拓扑优化设计

根据工程实际出发,建立离散变量结构拓扑优化模型。针对基本遗传算法(GA)存在的早熟收敛、随机性大、收敛速度慢等不足,从编码方式及遗传算子操作等几个方面对其作了改进,选择操作中引进斐波那契方法,提出一种基于整数编码的改进遗传算法。优化结果表明,这种改进的遗传算法的收敛性得到了很好的改善,提高了计算效率,是有效的结构拓扑优化设计方法。