沸石-液态水吸附储热系统的释热特性

吸附储热是一种有着较高储热密度和较低热损失的储热方式.沸石-液态水吸附储热系统以沸石颗粒作为储热介质,具有系统简单、换热性能好和储热密度大等优点.利用Fluent建立了反应器二维轴对称对流换热模型,分析了进水流速、反应器高径比和颗粒粒径对系统释热过程出口水温的影响.研究表明,在计算条件下,该系统能够获得最大70℃的温升幅度,且进口流速越小,温升幅度越大;高径比越大,温升幅度越大,当高径比≥1.5时,温升不再随高径比的增加而增大;此外,粒径越小,反应速率和温升幅度越大,也越有利于沸石与水的充分反应.本研究有助于完善固-液吸附过程释热特性,为沸石-液态水吸附储热系统的设计和应用提供理论指导.     

污染土壤原位修复知识图谱分析

污染土壤原位修复技术对污染土壤扰动小、修复成本低、操作维护简单,已成为修复领域的研究热点.在Web of Science数据库检索到1991年至2020年近30年污染土壤原位修复领域的期刊论文共计2180篇,并对其文献类型、文献语种、来源国家、来源机构、学科、来源期刊、关键词进行统计分析.结果表明:美国在该领域的研究起步最早,文章影响力最高,中国在该领域的起步较晚但发展快,截至2020年是发文量最多的国家(595篇),研究机构中中国科学院发文量最多(130篇).污染土壤原位修复领域涉及多个学科,其中67.7％的文章属于Environmental Sciences学科.发文量最多的期刊是英国的Chemosphere,污染土壤原位修复领域关于污染物研究热点包括柴油、重金属、多环芳烃等,原位修复技术的研究热点包括化学氧化技术、化学氧化药剂筛选、生物修复技术、表面活性剂等.     

The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Various Diseases and Anti-inflammatory Therapies Containing Natural Products

Chronic inflammation represents a long-term reaction of the body's immune system to noxious stimuli. Such a sustained inflammatory response sometimes results in lasting damage to healthy tissues and organs. In fact, chronic inflammation is implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancers. Targeting nonresolving inflammation thus provides new opportunities for treating relevant diseases. In this review, we will go over several chronic inflammation-associated diseases first with emphasis on the role of inflammation in their pathogenesis. Then, we will summarize a number of natural products that exhibit therapeutic effects against those diseases by acting on different markers in the inflammatory response. We envision that natural products will remain a rich resource for the discovery of new drugs treating diseases associated with chronic inflammation.     

Computer-Aided Search for 5-Arylideneimidazolone Anticancer Agents Able To Overcome ABCB1-Based Multidrug Resistance

ABCB1 modulation is an interesting strategy in the search for new anticancer agents that can overcome multidrug resistance (MDR). Hence, 17 new 5-arylideneimidazolones containing an amine moiety, as potential ABCB1 inhibitors, were designed, synthesized, and investigated. The series was tested in both parental (PAR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) ABCB1-overexpressing T-lymphoma cancer cells using cytotoxicity assays. The ABCB1-modulating activity was examined in rhodamine 123 accumulation tests, followed by Pgp-Glo™ Assay to determine the influence of the most active compounds on ATPase activity. Lipophilic properties were assessed both, in silico and experimentally (RP-TLC). Pharmacophore-based molecular modelling toward ABCB1 modulation was performed. The studies allowed the identification of anticancer agents (p-fluorobenzylidene derivatives) more potent than doxorubicin, with highly selective action on MDR T-lymphoma cells (selectivity index >40). Most of the investigated compounds showed ABCB1-modulating action; in particular, two 5-benzyloxybenzylidene derivatives displayed activity nearly as strong as that of tariquidar.     

Efficient MgO-doped CaO sorbent pellets for high temperature CO2 capture

Novel MgO-doped CaO sorbent pellets were prepared by gel-casting and wet impregnation. The effect of Na⁺ and MgO on the structure and CO₂ adsorption performance of CaO sorbent pellets was elucidated. MgO-doped CaO sorbent pellets with the diameter range of 0.5-1.5 mm exhibited an excellent capacity for CO₂ adsorption and adsorption rate due to the homogeneous dispersion of MgO in the sorbent pellets and its effects on the physical structure of sorbents. The results show that MgO can effectively inhibit the sintering of CaO and retain the adsorption capacity of sorbents during multiple adsorption-desorption cycles. The presence of mesopores and macropores resulted in appreciable change of volume from CaO (16.7 cm³∙mol⁻¹) to CaCO₃ (36.9 cm³∙mol⁻¹) over repeated operation cycles. Ca2Mg1 sorbent pellets exhibited favorable CO₂ capture capacity (9.49 mmol∙g⁻¹), average adsorption rate (0.32 mmol∙g⁻¹∙min⁻¹) and conversion rate of CaO (74.83%) after 30 cycles.     

一款运动型轿车轮胎的开发与调校

以国内市场运动型新车型开发需求为例,结合运动型车型定位,确定性能开发优先级,选定标准胎;根据性能的目标要求,从轮胎外轮廓,花纹,施工三方面对该款产品进行针对性设计与开发,开发前期对产品进行了两次有限元分析;后期进行了两次轮胎开发与调校,对样胎进行制动性、操控性,NVH,舒适性的实车评价;第一次调校后的产品性能劣势进行分析,对产品方案进行调整与优化。第二次调校后在达成轮胎与车辆匹配目标性能后,对轮胎设计参数进行固化,开始着手批量生产事宜。     

家用电器纳米抗菌材料

家用电器已经成为越来越多家庭中不可或缺的生活品,同时由于电器使用过程中细菌滋生导致的健康问题越来越受到人们的关注,因此,家用电器的抗菌效果成为了大众评判健康生活的指标之一.而纳米材料由于其成本低廉并拥有较好的抗菌效果,可以作为解决这一问题的途径之一.对家电行业已经初步应用的三种成本低、无需附加苛刻条件、抗菌效果好的纳米材料进行分析并研究,指出开发更加优异的纳米抗菌材料是当前抗菌行业的热点.     

基于三矢量模型预测电流控制的共模电压抑制策略

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)驱动系统中存在的共模电压高、电流脉动大的问题,提出将无零矢量调制(NSPWM)方法与三矢量模型预测电流控制算法结合进行控制。已有的单矢量模型共模电压抑制策略电压矢量方向固定,可选矢量范围有限,电流脉动仍较大。而三矢量模型预测电流控制共模电压抑制策略基于NSPWM在每个扇区利用3个非零矢量合成目标电压矢量,矢量范围覆盖广。结合无差拍电流控制,在实现共模电压抑制的同时,还能减小电流脉动,提高系统动态响应。通过仿真和试验验证了所提控制策略的有效性。     

新型RISE-LADRC逆变器电压控制策略

当微网逆变器中出现不平衡负载和非线性负载等强扰动时,传统线性自抗扰控制(LADRC)的抗扰能力不足,针对此问题提出一种误差符号鲁棒积分(RISE)与LADRC相结合的新型RISE-LADRC控制策略.通过采用RISE控制律来代替线性状态误差反馈律(LSEF),可减小控制器对线性扩张状态观测器(LESO)的依赖,当LESO的观测带宽一定时,RISE控制能有效地抑制系统中存在的扰动,并利用李雅普诺夫稳定性定理证明了所提控制策略的稳定性.仿真及实验结果表明,在微网逆变器中出现强扰动的情况下,相比传统LADRC控制策略,RISE-LADRC控制策略提高了控制器的跟踪精度,减小了稳态误差且表现出更好的抗扰能力.     

Concepts,processing, and recent developments in encapsulating essential oils

By the virtue of their olfactory, physicochemical, and biological characteristics, essential oils (EOs) have drawn wide attention as additives in daily chemicals like perfume or personal care products. Nevertheless, they are physicochemically unstable and susceptible to degradation or loss. Microencapsulation offers a feasible strategy to stabilize and prolong release of EO. This review summarizes the recognized benefits and functional properties of various preparation and characterization methods, wherein innovative fabrication strategies and their formation mechanisms are especially emphasized. Progress in combining detecting/measuring technologies with kinetic modelling are discussed, to give an integral approach of controlling the dynamic release of encapsulated EOs. Moreover, new development trends of EOs capsules are also highlighted.