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101.
Delay-dependent state estimation for delayed neural networks 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Yong He Qing-Guo Wang Min Wu Chong Lin 《Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on》2006,17(4):1077-1081
In this letter, the delay-dependent state estimation problem for neural networks with time-varying delay is investigated. A delay-dependent criterion is established to estimate the neuron states through available output measurements such that the dynamics of the estimation error is globally exponentially stable. The proposed method is based on the free-weighting matrix approach and is applicable to the case that the derivative of a time-varying delay takes any value. An algorithm is presented to compute the state estimator. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach and the improvement over existing ones. 相似文献
102.
Certain new sulfide-smelting processes and coal-gasification processes generate high-strength sulfur dioxide streams, for
which a new process for converting sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur needs to be developed because no process exists that
is generally and economically applicable to the treatment of such streams. A thermodynamic and experimental investigation
to develop a new process for converting sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur by a cyclic process involving calcium sulfide and
calcium sulfate without generating secondary pollutants was carried out. In this process, the starting raw material, calcium
sulfate, is reduced by a suitable reducing agent, such as hydrogen, to produce calcium sulfide, which is used to reduce sulfur
dioxide to elemental sulfur vapor and calcium sulfate. The latter is, in turn, reduced to regenerate calcium sulfide. In this
Part I, detailed experimental results are presented on the kinetics of the reaction between sulfur dioxide and calcium-sulfide
pellets, which produces elemental sulfur and calcium sulfate. The experiments were carried out at temperatures between 1023
and 1088 K and sulfur-dioxide partial pressures between 9 and 60 kPa by the use of a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique.
The rate of this reaction was demonstrated by the conversion of 40 pct calcium-sulfide pellets obtained from the hydrogen
reduction of fresh calcium sulfate in 10 minutes at 1073 K under a sulfur-dioxide partial pressure of 43 kPa. The reactivity
decreased somewhat during the first three cycles but remained largely unchanged thereafter up to the tenth cycle. This characteristic
of the pellets is important because the solids must be reusable for repeated cycles to avoid generating secondary pollutants.
A pore-blocking model was found to fit the reaction rate. The reaction is first order with respect to sulfur-dioxide partial
pressure and has an activation energy of 101 to 134 kJ/mol (24 to 32 kcal/mol) for calcium-sulfide pellets reacted and regenerated
several different times. Sulfur dioxide-containing streams from certain sources, such as the regenerator off-gas from an integrated-gasification,
combined-cycle, desulfurization unit and new sulfide-smelting plants, contain much higher partial pressures of SO2. In these cases, the rate of the first reaction is expected to be proportionally higher than in the test conditions reported
in this article. The reduction kinetics of calcium-sulfate pellets with hydrogen gas is reported in the accompanying Part
II. 相似文献
103.
HA型粘结剂性能评判的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
冷固结球团直接还原工艺成功的关键因素之一是成型粘结剂的选用。粘结剂性能评判 ,传统的方法是通过考查球团矿的机械强度来说明粘结剂性能的优劣 ,步骤繁锁。经过试验研究 ,本文提出了用粘度大小来评判粘结剂性能的直接方法并从理论上进行了论证。对于 HA型复合粘结剂 ,在六速旋转粘度计上测量 ,50 g复合粘结剂的粘度若大于或等于 6.5× 1 0 -3 Pa·s,表示粘结剂性能较好 ,能满足铁精矿冷固球团直接还原工艺的要求 ;若小于或等于 3.0× 1 0 -3 Pa· s,则表示该粘结剂性能较差。 相似文献
104.
聚合物降解产物伤害与糖甙键特异酶破胶技术 总被引:22,自引:1,他引:21
综述了钻井,完井,尤其是水力压裂作业中产生的多糖类聚合物伤害和应用糖甙键特异酶破胶,解除多糖类聚合物伤害的技术。第一节报道了聚合物降解产物造成的伤害,指出冻胶破胶液粘度低并不代表压裂液已从充填裂缝中充分返排,氧化破胶剂和普通酶破胶剂不能使多糖类聚合物充分降解,产生的大分子量,水不溶的降解产物可对地层造成伤害,消除伤害的办法是采用对糖甙键有特异性的各种水解酶作压裂液破胶剂或伤害地层处理剂。第二节报道了各种聚合物(纤维素,瓜尔胶,淀粉)糖甙键特异酶降解聚合物的机理。第三节报道了糖甙键特异酶(主要针对瓜尔胶)的应用性能测试及结果,包括岩心流动实验,含糖量和分子量测定,传导性测试。第四节介绍了糖甙键特异酶消除聚合物伤害和用作压裂液破胶剂的现场应用,包括选井原则,实施工艺要点及3个典型井例。 相似文献
105.
106.
经过对1996年及1999年灌装的种子牌系列浓香型白酒的理化指标检测,发现在贮存过程中理化指标变化很大,总酸,固形物呈上升趋势,总酯,己酸乙酯呈下降趋势,其升降幅度与贮存时间相关,时间越长变化越大,贮存3年的高低度5个样平均总酸上升18.2%,28度样总酸上升28.3%,50度样总酸仅上升11%,固形物平均上升39.2%,28度样上升43%,50度样上升18%,总酯平均下降24%,28度样下降34%,50度样下降31%,己酸己酯平均下降32.4%,28度样下降59%,50度样下降32%,贮存6年的5个样总酸平均上升39.8%,28度样上升52%,50度样上升41%,固形物平均上升71.8%,28度样上升635<50度样上升77%,总酯平均下降42.4%,28度样下降54%,50度样下降31%,己酸乙酯平均下降51.8%,28度样下降69%,50度样下32%. 相似文献
107.
108.
109.
The low-frequency noise in the devices often appears to be a superposition of 1/f noise and white noise, which are induced by different physical mechanisms or microscopic defects. The separation of the two noises is necessary especially in the characterization of quality and reliability by means of noise measurement. The traditional separation method is usually used in frequency domain with limited frequency range, and the estimated value of exponent index γ for 1/fγ noise has considerable error when the ratio of 1/f noise and white noise is smaller than 20 dB. In this paper, based on wavelet denoising theory, a new method is proposed to separate 1/fγ noise from white noise in time domain and can be used to estimate γ values with much better accuracy even if the ratio of 1/f noise to white noise in low enough. 相似文献
110.
石油测井仪器可靠性指标探讨 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
在分析常用可靠性指标及其应用现状的基础上,根据可靠性理论及石油测井仪器的特点。提出了石油测井仪器的可靠性模型。在探讨常用可靠性指标对石油测井仪器适用性的同时,提出将平衡稳定工作时间NWTURE和免维修测井井次NOLWNM作为石油测井仪器可靠性指标的思想;探讨了获取可靠性指标的途径。给出了推荐使用的石油测井仪器可靠性指标。 相似文献