全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1578406篇 |
免费 | 37337篇 |
国内免费 | 12945篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 42294篇 |
技术理论 | 9篇 |
综合类 | 14927篇 |
化学工业 | 288606篇 |
金属工艺 | 70708篇 |
机械仪表 | 49537篇 |
建筑科学 | 53939篇 |
矿业工程 | 14727篇 |
能源动力 | 53380篇 |
轻工业 | 114563篇 |
水利工程 | 17041篇 |
石油天然气 | 43619篇 |
武器工业 | 1186篇 |
无线电 | 209545篇 |
一般工业技术 | 290705篇 |
冶金工业 | 144656篇 |
原子能技术 | 35609篇 |
自动化技术 | 183637篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 14355篇 |
2021年 | 21006篇 |
2020年 | 15886篇 |
2019年 | 17801篇 |
2018年 | 20073篇 |
2017年 | 20007篇 |
2016年 | 24916篇 |
2015年 | 22070篇 |
2014年 | 34393篇 |
2013年 | 94473篇 |
2012年 | 42197篇 |
2011年 | 55197篇 |
2010年 | 49760篇 |
2009年 | 58161篇 |
2008年 | 50425篇 |
2007年 | 47217篇 |
2006年 | 49227篇 |
2005年 | 43784篇 |
2004年 | 44086篇 |
2003年 | 43983篇 |
2002年 | 43115篇 |
2001年 | 39188篇 |
2000年 | 37232篇 |
1999年 | 35866篇 |
1998年 | 39084篇 |
1997年 | 35881篇 |
1996年 | 33491篇 |
1995年 | 29988篇 |
1994年 | 28162篇 |
1993年 | 27817篇 |
1992年 | 26188篇 |
1991年 | 23066篇 |
1990年 | 23376篇 |
1989年 | 22393篇 |
1988年 | 20810篇 |
1987年 | 19110篇 |
1986年 | 18358篇 |
1985年 | 21666篇 |
1984年 | 22077篇 |
1983年 | 20026篇 |
1982年 | 19080篇 |
1981年 | 19182篇 |
1980年 | 17772篇 |
1979年 | 18324篇 |
1978年 | 17559篇 |
1977年 | 16936篇 |
1976年 | 17141篇 |
1975年 | 15887篇 |
1974年 | 15406篇 |
1973年 | 15469篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Kexin Jiao Laurence J. Walsh Sao Ivanovski Pingping Han 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Periodontitis is a chronic complex inflammatory disease associated with a destructive host immune response to microbial dysbiosis, leading to irreversible loss of tooth-supporting tissues. Regeneration of functional periodontal soft (periodontal ligament and gingiva) and hard tissue components (cementum and alveolar bone) to replace lost tissues is the ultimate goal of periodontal treatment, but clinically predictable treatments are lacking. Similarly, the identification of biomarkers that can be used to accurately diagnose periodontitis activity is lacking. A relatively novel category of molecules found in oral tissue, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded endogenous, long, non-coding RNA molecules, with covalently circular-closed structures without a 5’ cap and a 3’ tail via non-classic backsplicing. Emerging research indicates that circRNAs are tissue and disease-specific expressed and have crucial regulatory functions in various diseases. CircRNAs can function as microRNA or RNA binding sites or can regulate mRNA. In this review, we explore the biogenesis and function of circRNAs in the context of the emerging role of circRNAs in periodontitis pathogenesis and the differentiation of periodontal cells. CircMAP3K11, circCDK8, circCDR1as, circ_0062491, and circ_0095812 are associated with pathological periodontitis tissues. Furthermore, circRNAs are expressed in periodontal cells in a cell-specific manner. They can function as microRNA sponges and can form circRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks during osteogenic differentiation for periodontal-tissue (or dental pulp)-derived progenitor cells. 相似文献
82.
Felipe A. Perdomo Siti H. Khalit Claire S. Adjiman Amparo Galindo George Jackson 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(3):e17194
The SAFT-γ Mie group-contribution equation of state is used to represent the fluid-phase behavior of aqueous solutions of a variety of linear, branched, and cyclic amines. New group interactions are developed in order to model the mixtures of interest, including the like and unlike interactions between alkyl primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups (NH2, NH, N), cyclic secondary and tertiary amine groups (cNH, cN), and cyclic methine-amine groups (cCHNH, cCHN) with water (H2O). The group-interaction parameters are estimated from appropriate experimental thermodynamic data for pure amines and selected mixtures. By taking advantage of the group-contribution nature of the method, one can describe the fluid-phase behavior of mixtures of molecules comprising those groups over broad ranges of temperature, pressure, and composition. A number of aqueous solutions of amines are studied including linear, branched aliphatic, and cyclic amines. Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) bounded by lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) have been reported experimentally and are reproduced here with the SAFT-γ Mie approach. The main feature of the approach is the ability not only to represent accurately the experimental data employed in the parameter estimation, but also to predict the vapor–liquid, liquid–liquid, and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria, and LCSTs with the same set of parameters. Pure compound and binary phase diagrams of diverse types of amines and their aqueous solutions are assessed in order to demonstrate the main features of the thermodynamic and fluid-phase behavior. 相似文献
83.
An ecofriendly and biodegradable porous structure was prepared from drying aqueous foams based on nano fibrillated cellulose (NFC), extracted from softwood pulp by subcritical water/CO2 treatment (SC-NFC). The primary aim of this work was to use the modified SC-NFC as stabilizer for a water-based Pickering emulsion which upon drying, yielded porous cellulosic materials, a good dye adsorbent. In order to exploit the carboxymethylated SC-NFC (CMSC-NFC, with a degree of substitution of 0.35 and a charge density of 649 μeqv/g) as a stabilizer for water-based Pickering emulsion in subsequent step, an optimized quantity of octyl amine (30 mg/g of SC-NFC) was added to make them partially hydrophobic. A series of dry foam structures were prepared by varying the concentrations of treated CMSC-NFCs and 4 wt% was found to be the optimum concentration to yield foam with high porosity (99%) and low density (0.038 g/cc) along with high compression strength (0.24 MPa), superior to the conventionally extracted NFC. The foams were applied to capture as high as 98% of methylene blue dyes, making them a potential green candidate for treating industrial effluent. In addition, the dye adsorption kinetics and isotherms were found to be well suited with second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models. 相似文献
84.
Jieyi Yu Xianguo Liu Rui Su Xuefeng Zhang Xinglong Dong 《Ceramics International》2021,47(17):23950-23957
Increasing the dielectric loss capacity plays an important role in enhancing the electromagnetic absorption performance of materials. It remains a challenge to simultaneously introduce multiple types of dielectric losses in the material. In this work, we show that the atomic and interfacial dipole polarizations can be simultaneously enhanced by substituting N species into both carbon coating layers and bulk TiC lattices of a core-shell TiC@C material. Additionally, substitution of N species results more exposed TiC(111) facets and refines the TiC grain sizes in the bulk material, which is beneficial for enhancing the scattering of the external electromagnetic waves. The maximum reflection loss of the N substituted TiC@C material is measured as ?47.1 dB with an effective absorbing bandwidth of 4.83 GHz at 1.9 mm, which illustrates a valuable way to further tuning the electromagnetic absorption performance of this type of materials. 相似文献
85.
Bosyakova N. A. Pomortsev S. A. Gizatullin R. G. Klyosov Yu. L. Laptov S. V. Kashcheev I. D. Zemlyanoi K. G. 《Refractories and Industrial Ceramics》2021,62(4):381-383
Refractories and Industrial Ceramics - Technology for producing alumina-periclase-carbon refractories of the brands APUK-D and APU-D is developed and implemented. Use of complex antioxidant and... 相似文献
86.
Lingfang Zou Zhuan Li Zonglong Gao Fu Chen Wenjie Li Yong Yu Yimin Li Peng Xiao 《Ceramics International》2021,47(14):19328-19339
Improving the piezoelectric activity of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics is of great importance for practical applications. In this study, the influence of Pr3+ doping on the ferroelectric phase composition, microstructure, and electric properties on the A-site of (Pb1-1.5xPrx)(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 is extensively investigated. A dense and fine microstructural sample is obtained with the introduction of Pr3+. The results show that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) moves to the rhombohedral phase region. The rhombohedral and tetragonal phases exhibit an ideal coexistence in the 4 mol.% Pr3+ doped (PPZT4) samples. Lead vacancy and the reduction of the potential energy barrier are considered to be the key mechanisms for donor doping, which is upheld by the Pr3+ doping. Combining the I-E hysteresis loops with the P-E hysteresis loops, it becomes apparent that both contribution maximums of the domain switching and residual polarisation are in PPZT4. Moreover, the thermal aging resistance of PZT is improved by doping, and the temperature stability is optimised from 83% in PZT to 96% in PPZT4. Hence, an appropriate amount of Pr3+ doping can effectively improve the piezoelectric activity of PZT ceramics in the MPB area and optimise the performance stability of the material under application temperatures. 相似文献
87.
D.V.N. Harish A. Bharatish H.N. Narasimha Murthy B. Anand K.N. Subramanya 《Ceramics International》2021,47(3):3498-3513
Laser ablation of high-temperature ceramic coatings results in thermal residual stresses due to which the coatings fail by cracking and debonding. Hence, the measurement of such residual stresses during laser ablation process holds utmost importance from the view of performance of coatings in extreme conditions. The present research aims at investigating the effect of laser parameters such as laser pulse energy, scanning speed and line spacing on thermal residual stresses induced in tantalum carbide-coated graphite substrates. Residual stresses were measured using micro-Raman spectroscopy and correlated with Raman peak shifts. Transient thermal analysis was performed using COMSOL Multiphysics to model the single ablated track and residual stresses were reported at low, moderate and high pulse energy regimes. The results showed that the initial laser conditions caused higher tensile residual stresses. Moderate pulse energy regime comprised higher compressive residual stresses due to off centre overlapping of the laser pulses. Higher pulse energy (250 μJ), higher scanning speed (1000 mm/s) and moderate line spacing (20 μm) caused accumulation of tensile residual stresses during the final stage of laser ablation. The deviation of experimental residual stresses from COMSOL numerical model was attributed to unaccounted additional stresses induced during thermal spraying process and deformation potentials in the numerical model. 相似文献
88.
Khammatova V. V. Gainutdinov R. F. Khammatova E. A. Titova L. V. 《Fibre Chemistry》2021,53(3):204-207
Fibre Chemistry - An analysis of the aramid fiber market including the range of industrial textile materials containing chemical fibers for specialized protective clothing of metallurgical workers,... 相似文献
89.
Ilaria Fraudentali Renato A. Rodrigues-Pousada Riccardo Angelini Sandip A. Ghuge Alessandra Cona 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(10)
Polyamines are ubiquitous, low-molecular-weight aliphatic compounds, present in living organisms and essential for cell growth and differentiation. Copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) oxidize polyamines to aminoaldehydes releasing ammonium and hydrogen peroxide, which participates in the complex network of reactive oxygen species acting as signaling molecules involved in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. CuAOs have been identified and characterized in different plant species, but the most extensive study on a CuAO gene family has been carried out in Arabidopsis thaliana. Growing attention has been devoted in the last years to the investigation of the CuAO expression pattern during development and in response to an array of stress and stress-related hormones, events in which recent studies have highlighted CuAOs to play a key role by modulation of a multilevel phenotypic plasticity expression. In this review, the attention will be focused on the involvement of different AtCuAOs in the IAA/JA/ABA signal transduction pathways which mediate stress-induced phenotypic plasticity events. 相似文献
90.
Jinshuang Wang Luyao Chen Mengdi Chen Yuyang Wu Yinghui Wang Yongsheng Yu Junbin Sun Bing Liu Qiangshan Jing 《Ceramics International》2021,47(16):22965-22975
In this study, the destabilization resistance of Sc2O3 and CeO2 co-stabilized ZrO2 (SCZ) ceramics was tested in Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salts at 750°C–1100 °C. The phase structure and microstructure evolution of the samples during the hot corrosion testing were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that the destabilization of SCZ ceramics at 750 °C was the result of the chemical reaction with V2O5 to produce m-ZrO2 and CeVO4, and little ScVO4 was detected in the Sc2O3-rich SCZ ceramics. The primary corrosion products at 900 °C and 1100 °C were CeO2 and m-ZrO2 due to the mineralization effect. The Sc2O3-rich SCZ ceramics exhibited excellent degradation resistance and phase stability owing to the enhanced bond strength and the decreased size misfit between Zr4+ and Sc3+. The destabilization mechanism of SCZ ceramic under hot corrosion was also discussed. 相似文献