液膜法分离富集,测定水中微量锶

用乳状液膜体系对锶进行分离富集，该体系包括协同流动载体（ＰＭＢＰ，ＴＢＰ），表面活性剂（ＳＰＡＮ８０）增强剂（丙三醇）溶剂（正己烷）和内相（１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的盐酸溶液），实验表明，在适宜的条件下，锶的富集效率可达９９．５％以上，而在此条件下许多共存离子，如Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ａｌ＾３＋，Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｂａ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋，ＣＯ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｚｒ＾４＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋和     

生色团4′-正戊烷氧基-4-氰基二联苯的合成及表征

用对氰基二联苯酚和硫溴法自制的正溴戊烷合成了非线型光生色团4′-正戊烷氧基-4-氰基二联苯(4′-(oentyloxy)-4-biphenylcarbonitrile-5OCB)；测定了正溴戊烷的物理性质，与标准正溴戊烷的性质符合。根据50CB的红外特征峰数据，认为合成物5OCB结构与其理论结构相符。     

UHMWPE微粉辐照接枝MAH的研究

采用辐照方法在超高分子量聚乙烯（ＵＨＭＷＰＥ）微粉表面接枝马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ），用水在ＵＨＭＷＰＥ膜上的润湿角作为目标函数，依据试验优化设计和灰色系统控制理论，研究了辐照剂量、微粉的粒度和ＭＡＨ单体的浓度对润湿角的影响。研究结果表明：所考查的三因数对润湿角的影响程度是不同的，影响顺序为：辐照剂量＞ＵＨＭＷＰＥ微粉粒度＞ＭＡＨ浓度。从关联角度看，三因素对润湿角的关联度没有明显的差别，表明在ＵＨＭＷＰＥ微粉辐照接枝的反应过程中，所考查的三因素对接枝反应过程的影响是互相促进、互相影响、互相补充的。由于辐照剂量在ＵＨＭＷＰＥ的接枝反应中是比较重要的因素，因此在接枝反应中要严格控制其辐照剂量，其次注意微粉粒度，适当调整单体加入量。至于交互作用，尚需进一步进行研究探讨。     

分子筛生产工艺中的节能新技术——固相转化法的创新和应用

先就固相法合成沸石分子筛的合成机理及演绎发展进行了综述;着重介绍了本课题组开发的干粉法(固相原位转化法)及湿胶法(超高浓度体系法)两种固相法节能新技术在合成 MOR、ZSM-5等沸石分子筛生产中的应用情况,并阐述了两种创新方法的本质及其工艺特点;最后就干粉法及湿胶法的应用前景进行了展望.     

293K下K+/CO2-3,HCO3-、Cl-、H2O四元体系相图的研究--从农药废水中回收无机盐

用等温法测定了293K下K+/CO32-、HCO3-、Cl-、H2O四元体系的溶解度,根据溶解度数据绘制了相图,相图由KCl、KHCO3、K2CO3·3/2H2O、K2CO3·2KHCO3·3/2H2O四个相区组成.实验结果表明,K2CO3对KCl和KHCO3有强烈的盐析作用.以四元水盐体系相图理论作指导,对吡虫啉农药生产废水进行等温蒸发,分析计算了废水中各种盐的析出顺序及析出量,给出了分离氯化钾和碳酸钾较为理想的蒸发终止点,并提出了合理的工艺流程.     

杂多酸催化合成丙烯酸异丁酯

研究了以磷钨酸为催化剂,以丙烯酸与异丁醇为原料反应合成丙烯酸异丁酯.结果表明,反应时间2.5h,催化剂的用量3.0g,酸醇比1:2为最适宜的反应条件,丙烯酸的酯化率可达97.2%.     

Study on the formation of β-crystal during the crystallization process of polypropylene reactor granule

A notable amount of PP β-crystal (30%, by X-ray diffraction pattern) has been found in the PP samples as polymerized at normal static isothermal crystallization conditions without using any extra nucleating agents. Existence of catalyst residues in the sample is decisive, which slows down the crystallization rate facilitating the formation of β-form spherulites. Comparatively, high molecular weight PP favors the formation of β-form spherulites, deducting from no β-crystal detected in the degraded samples. Finally, high isotacticity is also required for obtaining qualitative β-form spherulites, demonstrated by increased β-crystal content after removal of weak crystalline fraction of the sample.     

An interval programming approach for the bilevel linear programming problem under fuzzy random environments

In this paper, we address a class of bilevel linear programming problems with fuzzy random variable coefficients in objective functions. To deal with such problems, we apply an interval programming approach based on the $\alpha $ -level set to construct a pair of bilevel mathematical programming models called the best and worst optimal models. Through expectation optimization model, the best and worst optimal problems are transformed into the deterministic problems. By means of the Kth best algorithm, we obtain the best and worst optimal solutions as well as the corresponding range of the objective function values. In this way, more information can be provided to the decision makers under fuzzy random circumstances. Finally, experiments on two examples are carried out, and the comparisons with two existing approaches are made. The results indicate the proposed approaches can get not only the best optimal solution (ideal solution) but also the worst optimal solution, and is more reasonable than the existing approaches which can only get a single solution (ideal solution).     

A hybrid clustering algorithm based on PSO with dynamic crossover

In order to overcome the premature convergence in particle swarm optimization (PSO), we introduce dynamical crossover, a crossover operator with variable lengths and positions, to PSO, which is briefly denoted as CPSO. To get rid of the drawbacks of only finding the convex clusters and being sensitive to the initial points in $k$ -means algorithm, a hybrid clustering algorithm based on CPSO is proposed. The difference between the work and the existing ones lies in that CPSO is firstly introduced into $k$ -means. Experimental results performing on several data sets illustrate that the proposed clustering algorithm can get completely rid of the shortcomings of $k$ -means algorithms, and acquire correct clustering results. The application in image segmentation illustrates that the proposed algorithm gains good performance.     

锅炉水处理系统除氧器的研制

锅炉和循环水处理系统的氧腐蚀是各种腐蚀中最严重的一种。因此，对给水进行除氧处理应该是最有效的防止腐蚀的方法。本文针对新研制出的新型活性铁除氧剂，又研制出与之相配套的除氧设备。该设备具有理想的除氧效果，常温操作，结构简单，弥补了过去一些除氧设备的不足。