基于EPA协议的精确时钟同步方法

工业以太网中通讯链路的不对称性,使得IEEE1588协议中的从时钟偏差计算方法并不适用.本文在EPA(Ether-net for Plant Automation)协议中CSME(Communication Scheduling Management Entity)算法调度的基础上分析了IEEE1588时间同步协议,提出了一种从时钟同步于主时钟的加权修正算法,同时应用晶振频率补偿算法,使得满足了基于EPA协议的工业以太网系统中同步数据采集和控制的实时性要求.采用硬件描述语言(Verilog HDL)和现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)实现了这种硬件时钟同步方法.该方法解决了传统的基于片上系统(SOC)时钟同步方案中时间戳不稳定、同步精度低等问题.使用Xilinx Spartan3 XC3S1500的FPGA验证了主从时钟的一致性,160ns的标准偏差和50ns的时间偏差平均值的测试结果证明了本文中算法较之协议中原算法的优越性.该方法也为集成现有网卡芯片的系统提供了一种高性价比和高精度的时钟同步解决方案.     

实现兼类样本增量学习的一种算法

针对兼类样本,提出一种增量学习算法.利用超球支持向量机,在特征空间对属于同一类别的样本求得一个能包围该类尽可能多样本的最小超球,使各类样本之间通过超球隔开.增量学习过程中,只对新增样本以及与新增样本具有相同兼类的旧样本集中的支持向量进行训练,且每次训练只针对一类样本,使得算法在很小的样本集、很小的空间代价下实现兼类样本增量学习,同时保留了与新增样本类别无关的历史训练结果.分类过程中,通过计算待分类样本到各超球球心的距离判定其所属类别,分类准确快捷.实验结果证明了该算法的有效性.     

Ligand Design in Atomically Precise Copper Nanoclusters and Their Application in Electrocatalytic Reactions

Metal nanoclusters (MNCs) are compositionally well-defined and also structurally precise materials with unique molecule-like properties and discrete electronic energy levels. Atomically precise ligand-protected Cu nanoclusters (LP-CuNCs) are one category of typical MNCs that usually demonstrate unique geometric and electronic structures to serve as electrocatalysts. However, the synthesis, application, as well as structure-performance relationship of LP-CuNCs are not adequately studied. Significantly, the ligands are essential to the geometric structure, crystal structure, size, and electronic structure of LP-CuNCs, which determine their physiochemical properties and applications. In this review, significant progress in the ligand design of LP-CuNCs, and their application in electrocatalytic reactions is introduced. The general basics of ligand-protected MNCs (LP-MNCs) are first introduced and the functions of ligands are emphasized. Subsequently, a series of different ligands for LP-CuNCs including thiolates, phosphines, alkynyl, polymers, and biomolecules are highlighted. Thereafter, their applications in different electrocatalytic reactions are discussed. It is believed that this review will not only inspire the design and synthesis of novel LP-CuNCs, but also contribute to the extension of their applications in electrocatalytic reactions and the establishment of accurate structure-performance relationships.     

基于铀的激光氮化机理研究和数值模拟

针对工件铀的表面激光氮化工艺,考虑铀的固-液相变过程中各物理参数随温度的变化,结合计算流体软件FLUENT中流体体积函数(VOF)模型计算气-液相界面处的降膜解吸传质过程。进行了铀的瞬态激光氮化传热传质耦合数值仿真,仿真分析研究了不同工艺参数下瞬态温度场和流场的分布,同时获得渗氮量在铀表面和深度上的分布。分析结果表明,因激光局部加热引起的表面张力梯度导致的Marangoni对流对铀表面氮化过程中的传热和传质有很大的影响。其中渗氮量在不同工艺参数下的数值结果与试验结果相吻合,验证了数值模型的可行性,为激光氮化的理论分析和工艺指导提供了理论和方法。     

发动机进气系统高通量富氧膜的研制

采用交联改性的方法对较低分子量的乙烯基硅橡胶进行了改性研究,制备了高通量的富氧膜,结合单因素实验法和Design-expert正交实验设计,考察了原料配比、交联反应时间、固化温度和固化时间等因素对富氧膜性能的影响,确定了最佳富氧性能膜的制备条件:原料配比4.3,反应时间2.15h,固化温度86.25℃,固化时间1.75h;获得了富氧浓度为28.68%,透气量为4696.33 barrer的富氧膜,该膜的富氧浓度与常规商品化膜相当,透气量为常规商品化膜的2~4倍,有应用于发动机富氧进气系统的前景。通过扫描电镜检测、机械性能检测等手段对复合膜进行了进一步表征。     

Modulating the Surface State of SiC to Control Carrier Transport in Graphene/SiC

Silicon carbide (SiC) with epitaxial graphene (EG/SiC) shows a great potential in the applications of electronic and photoelectric devices. The performance of devices is primarily dependent on the interfacial heterojunction between graphene and SiC. Here, the band structure of the EG/SiC heterojunction is experimentally investigated by Kelvin probe force microscopy. The dependence of the barrier height at the EG/SiC heterojunction to the initial surface state of SiC is revealed. Both the barrier height and band bending tendency of the heterojunction can be modulated by controlling the surface state of SiC, leading to the tuned carrier transport behavior at the EG/SiC interface. The barrier height at the EG/SiC(000‐1) interface is almost ten times that of the EG/SiC(0001) interface. As a result, the amount of carrier transport at the EG/SiC(000‐1) interface is about ten times that of the EG/SiC(0001) interface. These results offer insights into the carrier transport behavior at the EG/SiC heterojunction by controlling the initial surface state of SiC, and this strategy can be extended in all devices with graphene as the top layer.     

一种适用锥头体的嵌入式大气数据传感系统改进校准算法

嵌入式大气数据传感系统的空气动力学模型基于钝头体推导,该模型是否适用于锥头体尚未得到证实;对一典型锥头体进行了空气动力学模型适用性验证,验证结果表明该空气动力学模型用于锥头体时动静压相对误差超过了2.5%;对此,提出了一种适用于锥头体的改进校准算法,并且进行了仿真验证;仿真结果表明动静压相对误差小于0.5%,改进的校准算法有效消除了模型误差。     

Efficient detection and tracking of moving objects in geo-coordinates

We present a system to detect and track moving objects from an airborne platform. Given a global map, such as a satellite image, our approach can locate and track the targets in geo-coordinates, namely longitude and latitude obtained from geo-registration. A motion model in geo-coordinates is more physically meaningful than the one in image coordinates. We propose to use a two-step geo-registration approach to stitch images acquired by satellite and UAV cameras. Mutual information is used to find correspondences between these two very different modalities. After motion segmentation and geo-registration, tracking is performed in a hierarchical manner: at the temporally local level, moving image blobs extracted by motion segmentation are associated into tracklets; at the global level, tracklets are linked by their appearance and spatio-temporal consistency on the global map. To achieve efficient time performance, graphics processing unit techniques are applied in the geo-registration and motion detection modules, which are the bottleneck of the whole system. Experiments show that our method can efficiently deal with long term occlusion and segmented tracks even when targets fall out the field of view.