Charged groups synergically enhance protein imprinting in amphoteric polyacrylamide cryogels

Proteins are amphoteric biopolymers with unevenly charged exterior surfaces. Taking this point fully into account could accomplish ingenious recognition systems for the biological macromolecues. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are good tools to study the interactions between polymeric matrices and template molecules. Here different protein imprinted cryogels were prepared. Imprinting factors (IFs) were determined with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the template. The IF of the polymeric cryogel made from only acrylamide (AM) and N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (BisAM) is about 1.38. The introduction of charged monomers, either acrylic acid or diallylamine, would increase IFs obviously. One of the basic cryogels gave the maximum IF (about 2.0) of that type. As both acrylic acid and diallylamine were involved, IFs were further increased. An amphoteric cryogel with a suitable acid‐base ratio gave a high IF of about 3.7. Whatever used alone or both, too many added acidic or basic monomers resulted in IF reduction. Taking full advantage of charged groups in MIPs could be a good way to manipulate protein–polymer interactions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43851.     

Nanoemulsification of Ceramide-2 by Sodium Dilauramidoglutamide Lysine,a Novel Peptide-Based Gemini Surfactant

A novel peptide-based gemini surfactant, namely, sodium dilauramidoglutamide lysine (DLGL) was employed to fabricate a stable nanoemulsion system for the delivery of hydrophobic bioactive ceramide-2 molecules. The phase properties and morphology and stability of the nanoemulsion were investigated by focusing on the interaction between DLGL and ceramide-2 molecules. The investigation of the phase properties of the mixture of DLGL and ceramide-2 by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed remarkable reduction in the crystallinity of ceramide-2 due to the presence of DLGL. The spherical shape and nanometer size of nanoemulsions emulsified by DLGL were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The nanoemulsions prepared using DLGL exhibited significant improvement in the dispersion stability without any significant changes in the particle sizes even after storing them for a month at 50 °C. The results indicated that DLGL readily associated with ceramide-2 to form a relatively stable structure. The steric hindrance of DLGL and molecular rearrangement of DLGL and ceramide-2 attributed to a break in the continuity of the molecular assembly of ceramide-2, which hampered its crystallinity.     

Family Growth and Survival Response to Two Simulated Water Temperature Environments in the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius

Heat tolerance is a target trait in the selective breeding of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius, as it plays an important role in the survival and growth of cultured S. intermedius during summer. We investigated family growth and survival response to two temperature treatments to evaluate the genotype by temperature interaction (GEI) in the family selection of S. intermedius. Sea urchins from 11 families were exposed to two simulated water temperature environments—high temperature (HE) and control temperature (CE)—for 12 months, with each experiment divided into four periods (P1, stress-free period I; P2, stress-full high period; P3, stress-response period; and P4, stress-free period II) based on the temperature changes and the survival. Test diameter (TD), body weight (BW), and survival rate (SR) in HE and CE were measured monthly. Effects of family, temperature, and family-temperature interaction on TD, BW, SR, and specific growth rate (SGR) for BW were examined. In CE, BW differed significantly between families in P2, P3, and P4, while TD differed significantly between families in P3 and P4 (p < 0.05). In HE, family had significant effects on BW in P4, and on TD in P3 and P4, while temperature had significant effects on SR, TD, and BW in P3 and P4 (p < 0.05). GEI effects were not significant for TD or BW; however, family ranking changes revealed the existence of GEI in SR. The GEI results indicate the necessity of applying family selection in CE and HE for SR, but not for TD or BW. These results may provide a guide for aquaculture and selective breeding of S. intermedius under temperature pressure.     

我国岩金矿床品位指标优化研究的最新进展

本文全面系统地介绍了我国岩金矿床品位指标优化研究的最新进展:(1)多个优化目标的设置。(2)备选品位指标方案拟定的综合方法研究。(3)双指标品位-储量数学模型的建立。(4)应用现代数学方法品位指标的优化研究。(5)计算机辅助品位指标优化系统的建立。     

防爆开关通断试验装置的研制

通断能力试验是考核防爆开关产品性能的一项安全指标,设计采用了先进的BE494数据采集板和计算机构成的测量系统,整个试验装置的可靠性、数据采集与分析的准确性均达到了较先进的水平。     

飞机投弹出舱过程自动记录装置

介绍一种飞机投弹出舱过程自动记录装置。该装置没有对飞机的机械接口和电气接口进行任何改变,只需利用飞机现有挂弹架的挂弹钩接口安装设备,通过光敏开关感应光线强弱变化,判断飞机武器舱门是否打开,从而自动触发高速摄像机拍摄,完成飞机投弹出舱过程的记录任务。     

Synthesis of Polymer Nanospheres Conjugated Ce (IV) Complexes for Constructing Double Antibacterial Centers

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - The antimicrobial materials are rapidly emerging as a primary component in mitigation of bacterial pathogens, and functional...     

Discrete-time sliding mode control of flexible rotor-magnetic bearing systems

This paper is concerned with the computer-based sliding mode control of flexible rotor—magnetic bearing systems (FR-MBS). The plant dynamics consisting of actuator dynamics and flexible rotor dynamics are described. The reduced-order model for controller design is given by eliminating higher-order modes of the mechanical and electrical magnetic interaction system. A discrete-time sliding mode controller with a new robust reduced-order variable structure system (VSS) observer is proposed and its robust performance is evaluated with several simulations based on a calculation model. This digital controller is implemented to replace a linear analogue PID compensator. Levitation tests using the proposed digital controller are performed and compared with those of the PID compensator. The unstable modes can be easily controlled with the good stability and the spillover phenomena due to ignored higher-order modes are not generated. It is indicated that the discrete-time sliding mode control has robustness to the model parameter variations and external disturbances. Using the discrete time sliding mode controller with the reduced-order VSS observer, the test rig of the magnetic bearing system can be successfully rotated in a speed range of 0–35 000 rpm, which includes the first critical shaft frequency of the flexible rotor.     

基于原型嵌入图网络的小样本图像分类

针对在小样本图像分类中传统骨干卷积网络进行特征提取时会有上下文信息单一和感受野受限以及边特征相似度度量缺乏全局性问题,本文提出了一种基于原型嵌入图网络的小样本图像分类算法。首先,将CBAM产生的权重值与ASPP以不同采样率获取的不同尺度特征进行相乘的特征作为图网络的节点嵌入特征。然后,采用原型网络的方法在度量模块中构建了原型节点,使得成对节点之间的相似性计算转化为单个节点与原型节点相似性的和计算,将得到的相似度作为边特征输入图神经网络。最后,利用双图结构在多个更新代后将标签信息从有标签样本传播到无标签样本。在以ResNet-12为骨干卷积网络的算法分类任务中,本文在miniImageNet、tieredImageNet、CUB-200-2011和CIFAR-FS 4个数据集上的5-way 1-shot的任务分类准确率分别达到了71.47%、75.41%、86.21%和79.84%,在以Conv-4作为骨干卷积网络中,本文提出的算法在5-way 1-shot和5-way 5-shot任务中都优于现有的图网络方法。