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31.
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In this paper, two brittle fracture problems are numerically simulated: the failure of a ceramic ring under centrifugal loading and crack branching in a PMMA strip. A three‐dimensional finite element package in which cohesive elements are dynamically inserted has been developed. The cohesive elements' strength is chosen to follow a modified weakest link Weibull distribution. The probability of introducing a weak cohesive element is set to increase with the cohesive element size. This reflects the physically based effect according to which larger elements are more likely to contain defects. The calculations illustrate how the area dependence of the Weibull model can be used to effectively address mesh dependency. On the other hand, regular Weibull distributions have failed to reduce mesh dependency for the examples shown in this paper. The ceramic ring calculations revealed that two distinct phenomena appear depending on the magnitude of the Weibull modulus. For low Weibull modulus, the fragmentation of the ring is dominated by heterogeneities. Whereas many cracks were generated, few of them could propagate to the outer surface. Monte Carlo simulations revealed that for highly heterogeneous rings, the number of small fragments was large and that few large fragments were generated. For high Weibull modulus, signifying that the ring is close to being homogeneous, the fragmentation process was very different. Monte Carlo simulations highlighted that a larger number of large fragments are generated due to crack branching. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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煤焦油市场现状及后期趋势 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
一、煤焦油市场现状
原油期货价格于7月4日创历史新高,盘中达146.69美元/桶,加之全国煤炭市场价格暴涨300元/吨,以及绿色奥运的来临,在多重内外因素的叠加效应下,煤焦油市场价格出现了一波大幅上涨行情,同时也创下煤焦油价格的历史新高。全国煤焦油市场状况、地域性特征十分明显,按地理划分为四类市场。 相似文献
35.
测试与分析了两种塑料管材的拉伸与弯曲性能、热变形温度、结晶性和化学组成,分析结果表明:管材B较管材A具有更高模量与热变形温度,但管材B较高的分子量与较小的分子量分布抑制管材产品内在的均匀性,且管材B中的α晶在高温下向β晶的转变可能会影响管材长期使用性能. 相似文献
36.
Qingzhao Yao Yuming Zhou Yanqing Sun Xiaoyun Ye 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2008,18(4):477-484
TiO2 hybrid molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) for ethofumesate using methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer and silane
coupling agent 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate (KH570) as organic–inorganic connective bridge was synthesized via photo-excitation
method. Hydrogen bond was proved to act between MAA and ethofumesate for pre- and post-polymerization binding properties as
testified by UV spectrometric method. KH570 modified TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared via sonochemical reaction, which can accelerate hydrolysis, increase collision chance for the
reactive system and improve the dispersion of the nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron
microscope (TEM), binding and the adsorption kinetics experiments as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed
for characterization. The results indicated that the hybrid MIP revealed a larger surface area and more ordered imprinting
cavities with improved thermal stability compared to organic-only MIP. Furthermore, faster adsorption kinetics and enhancive
adsorption capacity were achieved, which made it promising in chemical sensor applications. 相似文献
37.
Synthesis of 21R AlN polytypoids was investigated using Al and ultrafine SiO2 powder in a flowing nitrogen atmosphere by means of thermal gravity (TG), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM) linked with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results showed that the formation mechanism of AlN polytypoids was different from that in reaction sintering process using Si3N4, AlN, Al2O3 and other sintering additive as raw materials. It was suggested that firstly Al reduce SiO2 into Si and is also nitrided into AlN, then AlN, Al2O3 and SiO2 dissolve into silicon liquid until the AlN polytypoids precipitate in saturated liquid in a flowing nitrogen atmosphere at lower than 1700 °C. 相似文献
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川西平原属沉积平原,不到2m厚的表土下面全是沙卵石,沙卯石厚度达二、三十米。地面覆盖农田,沟垄纵横,限制了车载钻机的进入。以往地震勘探多采取浅井组合方式激发,所获得的地震资料能量差、面波强,对农田破坏面积大。若使用SH30—2A型轻便工程钻机,配上自制的冲击管,采取冲击钻进,从管中下药柱的方式,可实现沙卵石地区的深井激发,提高资料采集质量,且效率高、成本低。 相似文献