碳交易机制下计及用电行为的虚拟电厂经济调度模型

虚拟电厂(Virtual Power Plant, VPP)能够聚合发电侧的分布式能源以提高可再生能源消纳程度。由于可再生能源出力的不确定且成本缺乏竞争力,虚拟电厂在运营过程中往往存在弃风弃光现象。建立了一种碳交易机制下计及用电行为的虚拟电厂经济调度模型,使可再生能源能参与到碳交易中,并促进用户侧与发电侧的协同。针对该模型的双层性、非线性和半连续性,提出了一种综合线性逼近、KKT条件和透视变换理论的重构方法,将其转化为单层整数二阶锥模型实现求解。算例表明,促进可再生能源消纳有助于提高虚拟电厂的减排效益。同时,碳交易机制具有提高可再生能源消纳总量的能力,用户的响应则具有改善风能利用分布的能力,而采用合适的电价机制能够进一步发挥二者之间的协同效益。     

(W/O)/W表面活性剂液膜体系的溶胀现象——(Ⅰ)表面活性剂的界面吸附和乳化溶胀

本文提出了表面活性剂在液膜膜相中有效浓度的概念并推导了其计算公式.通过大量实验和理论分析,探讨了乳化溶胀的产生机理,提出了界面湍动-乳化的机理模型,并据此导出了估算乳化溶胀率的数学模型.模型预测值和实验数据吻合很好.     

乳化液膜萃取乳酸稀溶液过程中的渗透溶胀及模拟

根据膜相中载体萃取的机理,指出载体在萃取溶质后形成的络合物具有一定的亲水性．采用气相色谱法,分别对含有表面活性剂和载体的膜相在与乳酸溶液接触后的溶水率进行了测定,结果发现其溶水率远高于与无溶质的外相水接触后的膜相溶水率．所以渗透溶胀进人内相的水除表面活性剂分子结合的迁移外还有载体-溶质络合物结合水．从而提出了实际萃取过程中乳化液膜渗透溶胀的反应-溶解-扩散机理,并提出了相应的数学模型,经与实验数据比较,结果吻合较好．     

极限标签下基于解耦特征伪标签传播的故障诊断

面对实际工程中标签稀少,尤其是单类样本仅1个标签的极限标签场景,现有半监督诊断方法的故障识别能力严重不足。为此,本文提出一种基于解耦特征伪标签传播算法的半监督故障诊断方法。首先,引入局部选择的并行集成异常检测方法分离故障样本;其次,提出基于解耦特征的伪标签传播算法,通过解耦对抗自编码器获得增强的故障特征,进而通过故障特征降维、特征分布伪质心标定与距离度量实现高效伪标签传播;最后,利用伪标签故障样本训练故障分类器,结合异常检测实现高准确率故障诊断。两个旋转部件数据集上的实验结果表明,所提方法在单类故障标签数量为1时,同工况和跨工况实验下的平均诊断准确率分别超过97%和90%,明显优于对比方法。     

Effects of Nitrogen Flow Rate on the Performances of Cathodic Arc Deposited TiN Films on 316L Stainless Steels as Bipolar Plates for the Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

The corrosion resistance, interfacial contact resistance (ICR), and hydrophobicity of cathodic arc deposited TiN films on 316L stainless steels at different nitrogen flow rates as bipolar plates (BPs) for the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) are investigated. It is shown in the results that the TiN-coated 316L stainless steel prepared at a moderate nitrogen flow rate (250 sccm) exhibits a low stable corrosion current density of 6.5 × 10⁻⁸ A cm⁻² in the simulated corrosive cathode environment of PEMFC, and a low ICR of 8.94 mΩ cm⁻² at a pressure of 1.38 MPa after corrosion, meanwhile presents a good hydrophobicity before and after corrosion. These results are discussed by considering the probable effects of the nitrogen flow rate on the substrate/coating system based on the microstructural characterization of the substrate/coating interface and the coating, which shows that the interdiffusion will be started in the deposition process and a moderate nitrogen flow rate during the coating process will promote to the broadening of interface region and lead to the formation of a robust and high-quality coating with fewer defects that can effectively improve the performances of the 316L stainless steel substrate as the BP for PEMFC.     

Numerical analysis on flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics of flow boiling in the mini-channels

Abstract

Flow pattern and heat transfer of flow boiling for different flow orientation, mini-channel width and height were presented in this work. The data were obtained by the numerical simulation with the coolant of R141b flow in a vertical mini-channel. Orientation includes upward and downward. A constant heat flux was loaded at the wall of the channel, of which the width ranges from 1?mm to 3?mm, and a length changes from 200?mm to 400?mm. Subsequently the impact of those parameters that referred to heat flux, inlet temperature and inlet temperature of the coolant could be investigated by carrying out the numerical calculation. In addition, a validation for the model was illustrated in comparison with the previously experimental data.     

栀子油对对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

探讨栀子油对对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用及机制。将实验小鼠随机分成正常对照组,模型组,联苯双酯组,栀子油低、中、高剂量组,各给药组每日给药1次,连续7 d,末次给药1 h后,除正常对照组外,其他各组一次性腹腔注射对乙酰氨基酚(450 mg/kg),测定小鼠血清中ALT、AST和ALB水平及肝脏组织匀浆中GSH、SOD活力和MDA含量,HE染色观察肝组织的病理学变化。结果表明:与模型组相比,栀子油各剂量组均能降低血清ALT和AST水平,提高ALB水平及GSH、SOD活力,降低肝组织MDA的产生,肝组织变性及坏死等病理症状明显改善,尤以栀子油高剂量组效果最佳。栀子油对对乙酰氨基酚诱导小鼠急性肝损伤有明显的保护作用,其保肝的机制可能与提高抗氧化酶体系活力、抑制脂质过氧化、维持肝细胞膜正常形态有关。     

液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定调味酱中85种酸性合成色素

建立了测定调味酱中85种酸性合成色素的液相色谱串联质谱高通量筛查方法.样品经甲醇提取,C18净化后,用水进行稀释,液相色谱串联质谱多反应监测模式测定,外标法定量.结果表明,85种酸性合成色素在10～1000 ng/mL的浓度范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99,方法检出限为8.08～885.2μg/kg,定...     

冰糖红梨酒发酵工艺优化及香气成分分析

为获得冰糖红梨酒最佳发酵工艺,提升红梨附加值,促进其产业化,本文以魏县红梨为主要原料,开发冰糖红梨果酒.在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交试验优化冰糖红梨酒的发酵工艺,并对优化后的冰糖红梨酒风味成分进行分析.结果显示最优发酵条件为:发酵温度19℃,初始糖度18°Brix,酵母接种量0.06％,初始pH4.8,焦亚硫酸钾添加...     

A hybrid flexible gas sensory system with perceptual learning

Imbuing artificial sensory system with intelligence of the biological counterpart is limited by challenges in emulating perceptual learning ability at the device level.In biological systems,stimuli from the surrounding environment are detected,transmitted,and processed by receptor,afferent nerve,and brain,respectively.This process allows the living creatures to identify the potential hazards and improve their adaptability in various environments.Here,inspired by the biological olfaction system,a gas sensory system with perceptual learning is developed.As a proof-of-concept,H2S gas with various concentrations is used as the stimulation and the stimuli will be converted to pulse-like physiological signals in the designed system,which consists of a gas sensor,a flexible oscillator,and a memristor-type artificial synapse.Furthermore,the learning ability is implemented using a supervised learning method based on k-nearest neighbors(KNN)algorithm.The recognition accuracy can be enhanced by repeating training,illustrating a great potential to be used as the neuromorphic sensory system with a learning ability for the applications in robotics.