高选择性的In_2O_3基热线型氢气传感器

采用反相微乳液法合成出纳米氧化铟(In_2O_3),利用其制备出了热线型气体传感器。利用二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DEMS)的化学气相沉积,在敏感元件表面形成了一层致密的二氧化硅(SiO_2)分子筛层,限制了除氢气(H_2)以外其它分子直径较大的还原性气体向气敏材料内层的扩散,提高了该传感器对H_2的选择性和响应。参考元件的补偿作用降低了环境湿度的影响,通过气敏机理模型讨论了其内在原因。该传感器具有对H_2较高的选择性和响应,优良的抗环境影响能力,以及较好的稳定性和较低的功耗。     

基于功率传输转移分布因子的简化电网潮流计算方法

为了减少大型电力系统的潮流计算时间,研究简化电网的潮流计算方法具有重要意义。现有方法将传统Ward等值技术用于电网简化后,简化电网却产生与原始电网不同的潮流结果。针对这种情况,提出了一种改进的简化电网的直流潮流计算方法。在已有研究的基础上,给出了基于功率转移分布因子的直流潮流算法以及使用Ward技术对电网的简化方法。结合上述两部分,给出了基于功率转移分布因子的简化电网潮流计算方法。通过仿真算例表明,所得的结果具有较高的精度,可用于简化大型电网的潮流计算、潮流预报等应用中。     

晶界碳化物对GH864合金裂纹扩展速率的影响

研究不同热处理制度后晶界碳化物对GH864合金650℃裂纹扩展速率的影响。结果表明:不同热处理制度处理后GH864合金晶界碳化物形态逐渐演化:颗粒较少→断续状→连续状→项链状→包膜状。晶界碳化物不断析出起到强化晶界的作用,使裂纹扩展速率降低。得到GH864合金晶界碳化物连续系数fc与裂纹扩展速率的变化趋势图。当晶界碳化物连续系数fc小于1时,抗裂纹扩展能力随晶界碳化物尺寸的增加而增加。建立裂纹扩展速率与晶粒尺寸和晶界碳化物的综合作用的关联性,晶粒尺寸和晶界碳化物之间相互作用存在最低点,抗裂纹扩展能力最佳。     

采用2D-XRD研究TFA-MOD法制备的Nb5+掺杂YBCO薄膜的形核

通过在YBCO前驱液中掺入Nb5+,在制备的YBCO中发现生成了BYNO纳米颗粒,且BYNO存在着外延和随机2种取向。通过2D-XRD对YBCO/BYNO复合薄膜的形核进行了研究,发现复合薄膜在低温分解时其成分和纯YBCO一致,而在750℃到775℃之间时BYNO开始形核,并且它以外延和随机取向共存。而YBCO的形核则发生在820℃及其保温过程中,且YBCO呈现完全的(00l)取向,BYNO的存在并不会对YBCO的取向造成影响。此外还对形核过程的方程式进行了分析。     

Tensile and Fracture Properties of 15 vol% SiC_p/2009Al Composites Fabricated by Hot Isostatic Pressing and Hot Extrusion Processes

15 vol% silicon carbide particle （SiCp）-reinforced 2009A1 matrix （15 vol% SiCp/2009A1） composites were fabricated by hot isostatic pressing （HIP） and hot extrusion processes. The tensile and fracture properties of 15 vol% SiCp/ 2009Al were studied. The results showed that hot extrusion increased the ultimate tensile strength （UTS）, yield strength （YS）, elongation （EL）, reduction in area （RA）, and fracture toughness of the composites. The heat treatment resulted in the increase in UTS, YS, and fracture toughness, but a decrease in EL and RA. Both hot extrusion and heat treatment had negligible effects on elastic modulus （E）. With the increase of SiCp size, the UTS, YS, and E decreased, but the EL and RA increased. The fracture toughness increased first and then decreased with increasing SiCp size, and when the SiCp size was about 7 μm, the composites obtained the maximum fracture toughness value of 31.74 MPa m^1/2.     

The Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog Protein D (GhRbohD) Positively Regulates the Cotton Resistance to Verticillium dahliae

Verticillium wilt, mainly caused by a soil-inhabiting fungus Verticillium dahliae, can seriously reduce the yield and quality of cotton. The complex mechanism underlying cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt remains largely unknown. In plants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by Rbohs is one of the earliest responses of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. In our previous study, we performed a time-course phospho-proteomic analysis of roots of resistant and susceptible cotton varieties in response to V. dahliae, and found early differentially expressed protein burst oxidase homolog protein D (GhRbohD). However, the role of GhRbohD-mediated ROS in cotton defense against V. dahliae needs further investigation. In this study, we analyzed the function of GhRbohD-mediated resistance of cotton against V. dahliae in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis showed that GhRbohD possessed the conservative structural attributes of Rbohs family, 12 members of RbohD out of 57 Rbohs in cotton. The expression of GhRbohD was significantly upregulated after V. dahliae inoculation, peaking at 6 hpi, and the phosphorylation level was also increased. A VIGS test demonstrated that ROS production, NO, H₂O₂ and Ca²⁺ contents of GhRbohD-silenced cotton plants were significantly reduced, and lignin synthesis and callose accumulation were damaged, important reasons for the impairment of GhRbohD-silenced cotton’s defense against V. dahliae. The expression levels of resistance-related genes were downregulated in GhRbohD-silenced cotton by qRT-PCR, mainly involving the lignin metabolism pathway and the jasmonic acid signaling pathway. However, overexpression of GhRbohD enhanced resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis to V. dahliae challenge. Furthermore, Y2H assays were applied to find that GhPBL9 and GhRPL12C may interact with GhRbohD. These results strongly support that GhRbohD activates ROS production to positively regulate the resistance of plants against V. dahliae.     

退火温度对新能源汽车用含Ce无取向电工钢组织和织构的影响

采用SEM、EBSD和XRD等分析手段研究了退火温度对含Ce新能源无取向电工钢组织及织构的影响。结果表明:800 ℃退火后,试验钢边部和中心部位均能观察到再结晶组织及亚晶组织,α线织构中的{112}<110>取向密度最高,γ线织构中的{111}<112>取向密度较弱,退火板存在少量η织构;830～920 ℃退火后,温度越高,再结晶越充分,α线织构取向密度下降,γ线织构取向密度增加,η织构基本消失;试验钢在950 ℃退火后发生了完全再结晶,平均晶粒尺寸为48.29 μm,γ线织构中的{111}<112>取向密度最高,为11.36。     

难熔金属增材制造研究进展

难熔金属具有熔点高、高温性能良好的特点,是发动机、燃气轮机、火箭、导弹等高温服役工况条件下不可或缺的材料,在军事装备领域和国民经济生活中都发挥着十分重要的作用.然而也正是因为高的熔点和导热系数,导致其加工制备十分困难.增材制造技术是近年来发展起来的一项先进制造技术,具有很多独特的优点,为难熔金属的加工提供了一种可选途径...     

Influence of polymerization conditions on the viscosity and yield of poly(phenylene sulfide ether)

High molecular weight poly(phenylene sulfide ether) (PPSE) was successfully synthesized by reaction of 4,4′‐dihydroxy diphenyl sulfide with 4,4′‐dichloro diphenyl sulfide in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP). The influence of polymerization conditions on the intrinsic viscosity and yield of PPSE was investigated and the optimized reaction condition was concluded. Reactions at about 180°C for 6 h along with sodium benzoate as an additive and monomer concentration of 0.588 mol/L NMP were found to produce the highest intrinsic viscosity (0.55 dL/g). Longer reaction time and/or higher temperature reduced the intrinsic viscosity and yield of the resulting product, probably due to side reactions, such as reductive dehalogenation and chemical degradation. X‐ray diffraction indicated that the polymer possessed of orthorhombic cell and had a high crystallinity of 65.8%. The high molecular weight PPSE is a crystalline polymer with T_m of 252°C and T_mc of 224°C. The polymer shows good chemical resistance, but is soluble in organic amide, halo‐hydrocarbon and oxohydrocarbon solvent at a temperature over 150°C. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

SnO2-TiO2/UV/O3催化降解糖蜜酒精废水

用沉积一沉淀法制备了SnO2-TiO2光催化剂,利用XRD、UV-Vi8等技术对其结构进行了表征.以糖蜜酒精废水为处理对象,采用自制的SnO2-TiO2作为光催化剂,研究了在紫外光条件下,稀释比、催化剂投加量、臭氧投加量和pH等因素对光催化臭氧降解反应的影响.结果表明:在紫外光照射、催化剂用量0.25g/L、通气流量30L/h的条件下,稀释20倍的糖蜜酒精废水经120min的处理,其脱色率达到98.57%;此外,还对催化降解糖蜜酒精废水的机理进行了探讨.