Masdar生态广场,阿拉伯联合酋长国

阿联酋新的生态城市广场上,巨大的伞状物提供了可移动的阴凉,同时白天储存热量,夜晚将其释放。这一基于向日葵特性的伞状物创意,使得LAVA一举赢得了国际竞赛。Masdar是阿联酋第一个零碳排放、零污染的城市,距阿布扎比17km,预计将由7期建成。     

Analysis of Mechanically Induced Reactivity of Boehmite Using Kinetics of Boehmite to <Emphasis Type="Italic">γ-</Emphasis>Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> Transformation

This article focuses on the mechanically induced reactivity of boehmite prepared by thermal decomposition of gibbsite. Boehmite, which retained the morphology of gibbsite, was characterized by a specific surface area of 264 m²/g. Mechanical activation (MA) was carried out in a planetary mill up to 240 minutes. The samples were characterized in terms of morphology, characteristic particle diameters, Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) specific surface area (SSA_BET), microcrystallite dimension (MCD), microstrain (ε) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The reactivity was construed from the kinetics of thermal transformation of boehmite into γ-Al₂O₃. The transformation observed between 600 K and 900 K (327 °C and 627 °C), manifested itself as two overlapping peaks in the differential thermogravimetric plot. These peaks correspond to two stages of dehydroxylation involving Al₂OH and AlOH groups in succession. The peaks were resolved using Gaussian deconvolution. The reactivity was assessed separately for the two stages by comparing the fraction reacted in MA samples (α) with that of nonactivated sample (α _ref). During both stages, enhanced kinetics, as revealed by α-α _ref plots, indicated an increase in reactivity with MA. The transformation mechanism conformed to n ^th order reaction (f[α] = [1 – α] ⁿ with n = 1.3–1.5 in both stages). Values of n remained similar for the activated and reference samples. Activation energies (E _a) for the first and second dehydroxylation stages were respectively 115 and 300 kJ/mol for the nonactivated sample. E _a for the second stage decreased exponentially to a value of 222 kJ/mol after 240 minutes of milling. An anomalous negative correlation between reactivity and SSA_BET was observed. Reactivity parameters were strongly correlated with MCD and ε. A plausible explanation for the observed correlations is presented.     

Moral disengagement among serious juvenile offenders: A longitudinal study of the relations between morally disengaged attitudes and offending.

The present study investigates the relation between moral disengagement—one's willingness to conditionally endorse transgressive behavior—and ongoing offending in a sample of adolescent male felony offenders (N = 1,169). In addition, the study attempts to rule out callous–unemotional traits as a third variable responsible for observed associations between moral disengagement and offending. A bivariate latent change score analysis suggests that reduction in moral disengagement helps to speed decline in self-reported antisocial behavior, even after adjusting for the potential confound of callous–unemotional traits. Declines in moral disengagement are also associated with declining likelihood of offending, based on official records. Given that both moral disengagement and offending tend to decrease over time, these findings suggest that changing attitudes toward antisocial behavior contribute to desistance from offending among delinquent youth. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The economic effect of efficiency programs on energy consumers and producers

An increase in the efficiency of natural gas fired residential appliances allows users to realize the same level of service, heating water for example, while using less natural gas. In addition to this technological benefit to the residential sector, the reduced demand for natural gas depresses the price of natural gas, resulting in pecuniary gains to other energy consumers and pecuniary losses to energy producers. The question we address in this study is whether purely pecuniary effects, those that follow from the price changes elicited by lower usage of natural gas, should enter the debate concerning the implementation of energy efficiency programs. To that end, we explore the price and social welfare impacts of natural gas energy efficiency standards by evaluating the impacts of a specific efficiency standard using the National Energy Modeling System. Our analysis indicates that purely pecuniary losses to producers are largely offset by pecuniary benefits to consumers. Our analysis also provides useful insight into the sources of these benefits and losses. Although our results are based on a specific model and efficiency standard, we believe that the results generalize to other efficiency programs and would be reproduced using other energy models.     

Phase Equilibria of “Cu2O”-“FeO”-CaO-MgO-Al2O3 Slags at PO2 of 10-8.5 atm in Equilibrium with Metallic Copper for a Copper Slag Cleaning Production

Limited data are available on phase equilibria of the multicomponent slag system at the oxygen partial pressures used in the copper smelting, converting, and slag-cleaning processes. Recently, experimental procedures have been developed and have been applied successfully to characterize several complex industrial slags. The experimental procedures involve high-temperature equilibration on a substrate and quenching followed by electron probe X-ray microanalysis. This technique has been used to construct the liquidus for the “Cu₂O”-“FeO”-SiO₂-based slags with 2 wt pct of CaO, 0.5 wt pct of MgO, and 4.0 wt pct of Al₂O₃ at controlled oxygen partial pressures in equilibrium with metallic copper. The selected ranges of compositions and temperatures are directly relevant to the copper slag-cleaning processes. The new experimental equilibrium results are presented in the form of ternary sections and as a liquidus temperature vs Fe/SiO₂ weight ratio diagram. The experimental results are compared with the FactSage thermodynamic model calculations.     

国产首张蓝光现象，《艾图兰》勇作先锋

只要你稍有关注蓝光碟片的发展,都会知道一直以来销售的蓝光影碟都是以A区的美版、日版、台湾版和香港版为主,因此A区的蓝光碟数量和品种一直是最多的,国内众多高清玩家如果想要获取高清蓝光片源,就只能把目光投放到经过特殊途径进入国内的A区蓝光机,并且要对A区的蓝光碟片慷慨解囊。相对于A区,B、C区（B区包括英国、法国、澳大利亚等地区,而C区则包括了中国大陆、