Study of Thermal Radiation Properties of Pyrolytic Carbon Protective Coatings for Monocrystalline Silicon Furnace

The thermal radiation properties of pyrolytic carbon （PyC） protective coatings for monocrystalline silicon furnace prepared by different processes were tested. The changes of normal emissivity of carbon materials caused by PyC protective coatings were discussed, and the influence of phase structure and surface appearance on the thermal radiation properties was investigated. The results show that the thermal radiation properties of PyC protective coatings with the wave band of 5 -25 I~m are better than C/C substrate, further, normal spectral emissivity of CVD PyC coating remains basically at 0. 85 - 0. 90, and the normal total emissivity can reach 0. 89, which shows high thermal radiation performance. For resin PyC coating and CVD PyC coating, the degree of graphitization are 44. 53% and 16. 28% respectively, and the R value of Raman spectrum are 0. g64 and 1. 384 respectively. Relatively disorder graphite structure of the latter causes various vibration modes, and the spectral emissivity is better, so the thermal radiation property of CVD PyC coating is excellent. A lot of spherical particles exists on the surface of the CVD PyC coating, and the more interface and spacing of particles reduce the number of particles per unit volume. Therefore, the scattering of thermal radiation is strongly strengthened, and the spectral emissivity is higher.     

基于流量预估的直拉式冷轧机液压张力控制策略

根据带钢性能和工艺开发的要求,开发了机架前后配置张力液压缸的直拉式冷轧实验机.通过设置张力控制器直接对实际张力进行闭环控制的方式,无法实现张力液压缸速度与轧制速度的匹配,也无法满足动态下高精度且稳定的张力控制要求.针对此问题,通过对张力液压缸流量方程的研究,提出了基于流量预估的液压张力控制策略.流量预估控制精确计算出同时满足张力液压缸移动速度和设定张力的伺服阀控制电流,同时对控制因子进行在线修正以获得最优预估控制效果.动态张力补偿控制补偿预估控制后剩余的张力偏差.现场应用效果表明,该策略取得了良好的控制效果,动态下张力控制误差小于±3%.     

上海地区冬季住宅室内外颗粒物浓度的相关性

对上海市某住宅建筑室内外PM10、PM2.5、PM1的浓度进行了测量,研究了最小通风量（外门窗关闭）条件下3种天气时颗粒浓度随时间变化的规律以及相关性,分析了颗粒物浓度与环境温湿度参数之间的关系.研究结果显示,测试期间,室内外空气中细颗粒（PM 2.5）占可吸入颗粒（PM 10）浓度比例分别达65％和87％以上;无明显室内源时,I/O比值小于1且随粒径减小而减小;室内外颗粒浓度相关性与粒径大小有关系,PM1、PM2.5的浓度相关性大于PM10.研究还表明,颗粒物浓度的关联性与天气状况有关系,多云、雨天和阴天时浓度关联性有显著差别;颗粒物的浓度受到室内外温湿度的影响,且受天气状况影响而呈现复杂性.     

碳化养护对冶金渣-熟石灰砂浆性质的影响

主要研究了碳化养护对冶金渣-熟石灰（SmS-SL）砂浆性质的影响,并通过XRD、真孔隙率和DTA/TG研究了影响机理和SmS-SL砂浆的环保效果.实验结果表明：碳化养护可提升SmS-SL砂浆的强度,改善它的体积稳定性和安定性.随着复合微粉中钢渣比例的提升,碳化养护对SmS-SL砂浆的增强效果逐渐提升,而对体积稳定性的改善效果却逐渐减弱.以钢渣为原料的SmS-SL砂浆的环保效果较为显著,其钢渣利用率达到27.8％,固碳率达到6.4％.     

地铁专用间接蒸发冷却器布水方式优化

为了解决常规间接蒸发冷却器由于表面水膜均匀性、完整性差而导致换热效率低的问题,提出了两侧旋转布水间接蒸发冷却器,进行了3种布置方式下的换热性能实验,运用正交实验对影响换热器性能的因素进行研究,研究表明:开孔正对气流方向时换热器换热性能最佳,且旋转布水装置存在最佳转速76 r/min,喷水量、空气流速、冷却水流量、冷却水进口温度的增加使换热器的换热量增大,喷水温度、空气温度的升高使换热器的换热量减少,其中冷却水进口温度的改变对换热性能的影响最为显著,温度由35℃上升到39℃时,换热量提高37.62％,单位面积换热量为1.14 kW,该换热器可安装于地下车站排风坑道内,可有效地解决地铁站冷却塔安装位置难题.     

Evolution and characterization of damage of concrete under freeze-thaw cycles

To study the internal damage of concrete under freeze-thaw cycles, concrete strains were measured using embedded strain gauges. Residual strain and coefficients of freezing expansion (CFE) derived from strain-temperature curves were used to quantify the damage degree. The experimental results show that irreversible residual strain increases with the number of freeze-thaw cycles. After 50 cycles, residual strains of C20 and C35 concretes are 320με and 100με in water, and 120 με and 60 με in saline solution, respectively. In lower temperature range (-10 ℃ to -25 ℃) CFE of C20 and C35 concretes decrease by 9.82×10-6/K and 8.44×10-6/K in water, and 9.38×10-6/K and 5.47×10-6/K in saline solution, respectively. Both residual strains and CFEs indicate that during the first 50 freeze-thaw cycles, the internal damage of concrete in saline solution is less than that of concrete in water. Thus residual strain and CFE can be used to measure the frost damage of concrete.     

水热法制备锰锌铁氧体/碳纳米管磁性材料

采用成本低、污染少的水热法制备锰锌铁氧体包覆的碳纳米管磁性纳米复合材料,并对其进行表征.X射线衍射分析表明,180℃为制备复合材料的合适水温,所得粉体中含Mn0.5Zn05Fe2O4、碳纳米管和少量的γ-Fe2O3,升高反应温度并不能使γ-Fe2O3杂相消失.透射电镜及高分辨透射电镜分析表明,包覆在碳纳米管上的Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4粒子为球形,粒径约为10 ～ 20 nm,Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4粒子中含有少量方形的γ-Fe2O3.红外谱图分析表明,包覆前碳纳米管表面存在羟基、羰基和羧基等官能团,包覆后的复合材料在570 cm-1和1 388 cm-1处出现MnZn铁氧体的特征峰.磁滞回线结果表明,复合材料的饱和磁化强度值为1 145 364 A/m,剩余磁化强度值为438 517 A/m,矫顽力值为30 361 A/m,具有较好的铁磁性.     

基于支持向量机回归的飞行载荷参数识别研究

飞行载荷参数识别是单机寿命监控中的重要技术,主要通过建立飞行参数与飞行载荷之间的转换关系,实现间接获取关键部位的载荷谱。针对飞行参数与飞行载荷之间非线性识别问题,结合飞机典型的机动动作,提出了一种改进的支持向量机回归(SVM-R)飞行载荷识别模型。该模型首先采用主成分分析缩减SVM-R模型输入,再利用交叉验证和遗传算法优化SVM-R模型设置参数,最后根据优化参数训练得到飞行载荷的SVM-R识别模型。通过在半滚机动动作下,飞行参数识别某一部位弯矩的实例分析,验证了优化改进的SVM-R模型对飞行载荷识别的最大残差可控制在实测载荷的20%以内,平均残差控制在实测载荷的3%以内,且优于未经优化的SVM-R模型。     

高强度钢局部加热辊弯成形分析

基于ABAQUS有限元软件,采用完全耦合热应力分析法,建立了高强度钢的局部加热辊弯有限元模型,并在模型中添加相应的热传导、热对流和热辐射边界条件.通过分析相应的温度、应力与应变场的分布,发现辊弯变形区为主要高温区,此区域的散热量和生热量基本相等.其等效应变主要发生在弯角变形区,逐渐靠近弯角变形区部位的塑性应变逐渐明显并且不断变大,弯角中心的应变最大.