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61.
Experimental test of a robust formation controller for marine unmanned surface vessels 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daniel Schoerling Chris Van Kleeck Farbod Fahimi Charles Robert Koch Alfons Ams Peter Löber 《Autonomous Robots》2010,28(2):213-230
Experiments with two formation controllers for marine unmanned surface vessels are reported. The formation controllers are
designed using the nonlinear robust model-based sliding mode approach. The marine vehicles can operate in arbitrary formation
configurations by using two leader-follower control schemes. For the design of these controller schemes 3 degrees of freedom
(DOFs) of surge, sway, and yaw are assumed in the planar motion of the marine surface vessels. Each vessel only has two actuators;
therefore, the vessels are underactuated and the lack of a kinematic constraint puts them into the holonomic system category.
In this work, the position of a control point on the vessel is controlled, and the orientation dynamics is not directly controlled.
Therefore, there is a potential for an oscillatory yaw motion to occur. It is shown that the orientation dynamics, as the
internal dynamics of this underactuated system, is stable, i.e., the follower vehicle does not oscillate about its control
point during the formation maneuvers. The proposed formation controller relies only on the state information obtained from
the immediate neighbors of the vessel and the vessel itself. The effectiveness and robustness of formation control laws in
the presence of parameter uncertainty and environmental disturbances are demonstrated by using both simulations and field
experiments. The experiments were performed in a natural environment on a lake using a small test boat, and show robust performance
to parameter uncertainty and disturbance. This paper reports the first experimental verification of the above mentioned approach,
whose unique features are the use of a control point, the zero-dynamic stability analysis, the use of leader-follower method
and a nonlinear robust control approach. 相似文献
62.
63.
Abhishek Arun Barry Haddow Philipp Koehn Adam Lopez Chris Dyer Phil Blunsom 《Machine Translation》2010,24(2):103-121
Recent advances in statistical machine translation have used approximate beam search for NP-complete inference within probabilistic
translation models. We present an alternative approach of sampling from the posterior distribution defined by a translation
model. We define a novel Gibbs sampler for sampling translations given a source sentence and show that it effectively explores
this posterior distribution. In doing so we overcome the limitations of heuristic beam search and obtain theoretically sound
solutions to inference problems such as finding the maximum probability translation and minimum risk training and decoding. 相似文献
64.
Claire M. Côte Chris J. Moran Christopher J. Hedemann Christian Koch 《Environmental Modelling & Software》2010,25(12):1664-1671
Concerns about the difficulties in securing water have led the Australian coal mining industry to seek innovative ways to improve its water management and to adopt novel strategies that will lead to less water being used and more water being reused. Simulation tools are essential to assess current water management performance and to predict the efficiency of potential strategies. As water systems on coal mines are complex and consist of various inter-connected elements, a systems approach was selected, which views mine site water management as a system that obtains water from various sources (surface, groundwater), provides sufficient water of suitable quality to the mining tasks (coal beneficiation, dust suppression, underground operations) and maintains environmental performance. In this paper, the model is described and its calibration is illustrated. The results of applying the model for the comparison of the water balances of 7 coal mines in the northern Bowen Basin (Queensland, Australia) are presented. The model is used to assess the impact of applying specific water management strategies. Results show that a simple systems model is an appropriate tool for assessing site performance, for providing guidance to improve performance through strategic planning, and for guiding adoption of site objectives. 相似文献
65.
Creating non-minimal triangulations for use in inference in mixed stochastic/deterministic graphical models 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We demonstrate that certain large-clique graph triangulations can be useful for reducing computational requirements when making queries on mixed stochastic/deterministic graphical models. This is counter to the conventional wisdom that triangulations that minimize clique size are always most desirable for use in computing queries on graphical models. Many of these large-clique triangulations are non-minimal and are thus unattainable via the popular elimination algorithm. We introduce ancestral pairs as the basis for novel triangulation heuristics and prove that no more than the addition of edges between ancestral pairs needs to be considered when searching for state space optimal triangulations in such graphs. Empirical results on random and real world graphs are given. We also present an algorithm and correctness proof for determining if a triangulation can be obtained via elimination, and we show that the decision problem associated with finding optimal state space triangulations in this mixed setting is NP-complete. 相似文献
66.
Wilkerson Chris Gao Hongliang Alameldeen Alaa R. Chishti Zeshan Khellah Muhammad Lu Shih-Lien 《Micro, IEEE》2009,29(1):96-103
Two proposed techniques let microprocessors operate at low voltages despite high memory-cell failure rates. They identify and disable defective portions of the cache at two granularities: individual words or pairs of bits. Both techniques use the entire cache during high-voltage operation while sacrificing cache capacity during low-voltage operation to reduce the minimum voltage below 500 mV. 相似文献
67.
68.
A near-resonant, sway-induced sloshing flow in a rectangular tank is used to compare a homogeneous and inhomogeneous multiphase approach for fluid density and viscosity in a commercial CFD code. Dimensional analysis of the relative motion between the phases suggests the application of an inhomogeneous multiphase model whereas previous published work has used the computationally cheaper homogeneous (or average property) approach. The comparison between the computational and experimental results shows that the homogeneous model tends to underestimate the experimental peak pressures by up to 50%. The inhomogeneous multiphase model gives good agreement with the experimental pressure data. Examination of the relative velocity at the fluid interface confirms that the inhomogeneous model is the appropriate model to use for the simulation of a violent sloshing flow. 相似文献
69.
Previous research has identified user concerns about biometric authentication technology, but most of this research has been
conducted in European contexts. There is a lack of research that has investigated attitudes towards biometric technology in
other cultures. To address this issue, data from India, South Africa and the United Kingdom were collected and compared. Cross-cultural
attitudinal differences were seen, with Indian respondents viewing biometrics most positively while respondents from the United
Kingdom were the least likely to have a positive opinion about biometrics. Multiple barriers to the acceptance of biometric
technology were identified with data security and health and safety fears having the greatest overall impact on respondents’
attitudes towards biometrics. The results of this investigation are discussed with reference to Hofstede’s cultural dimensions
and theories of technology acceptance. It is argued that contextual issues specific to each country provide a better explanation
of the results than existing theories based on Hofstede’s model. We conclude that cultural differences have an impact on the
way biometric systems will be used and argue that these factors should be taken into account during the design and implementation
of biometric systems. 相似文献
70.
Florian Ferstl Ryoichi Ando Chris Wojtan Rüdiger Westermann Nils Thuerey 《Computer Graphics Forum》2016,35(2):225-232
The Fluid Implicit Particle method (FLIP) for liquid simulations uses particles to reduce numerical dissipation and provide important visual cues for events like complex splashes and small‐scale features near the liquid surface. Unfortunately, FLIP simulations can be computationally expensive, because they require a dense sampling of particles to fill the entire liquid volume. Furthermore, the vast majority of these FLIP particles contribute nothing to the fluid's visual appearance, especially for larger volumes of liquid. We present a method that only uses FLIP particles within a narrow band of the liquid surface, while efficiently representing the remaining inner volume on a regular grid. We show that a naïve realization of this idea introduces unstable and uncontrollable energy fluctuations, and we propose a novel coupling scheme between FLIP particles and regular grid which overcomes this problem. Our method drastically reduces the particle count and simulation times while yielding results that are nearly indistinguishable from regular FLIP simulations. Our approach is easy to integrate into any existing FLIP implementation. 相似文献