汽轮机数字电液控制系统在我省的应用现状

分析了汽轮机数字电液控制系统在我省的应用情况及存在的问题,特别对北仑电厂2号机、台州电厂7号机及嘉兴电厂1号、2号机DEH控制系统在运行过程中出现的问题及其处理情况进行了论述,并就DEH系统在运行过程中需注意的几个问题提出了建议。     

光纤数字环路载波系统的发展

ＯＤＬＣ是当今用户接入网的新型设备，它一方面可取代端局，解决通信线路紧张和远距离大容量放号问题，另一方面也可满足日益增多的增值业务的需求。本文ＯＤＬＣ技术的基本原理，结合目前国内外常见ＯＤＬＣ系统，总结和对比了其基本特点，优势，并指明ＯＤＬＣ的技术发展方向和中国应用的前景。     

NiH/Hβ催化剂的制备及催化正己烷异构化性能

采用浸渍还原法制备了一种新型镍氢化物/分子筛（NiH/Hβ）烷烃异构化催化剂,考察了催化剂制备条件及反应条件对其催化正己烷异构化性能的影响。结果发现,当活性组分质量分数为0.5%,反应温度为300 ℃,反应压力为2.0 MPa,氢/油摩尔比为4.0及质量空速为1.0 h^-1时,NiH/Hβ催化剂催化正己烷异构化活性最优,正己烷的转化率为83.0%,异构烷烃的选择性与收率分别达到78.6%、65.2%。根据实验结果,提出了NiH/Hβ催化剂催化正己烷异构化反应机理,证明NiH金属活性中心具有良好的加氢/脱氢功能。     

深井超深井钻井堵漏材料高温老化性能评价

深井超深井钻进裂缝性油气层极易发生频繁的钻井液漏失,造成严重储层损害和重大经济损失。储层段钻进过程中经常发生重复性漏失,意味着仅用酸溶率、粒度分布等常规堵漏材料评价指标已不能满足钻井液漏失控制工程需要。笔者以塔里木盆地克深气田钻井常用的核桃壳、毫米级碳酸钙为研究对象,开展了堵漏材料高温老化评价实验。实验评价结果表明,在180℃的柴油中老化24 h后,核桃壳的颜色由黄色变成黑色,质量损失率为25.16 % ,摩擦系数下降28.24 % ,抗压强度下降21.21 % ;毫米级碳酸钙的颜色由白色变成淡黄色,质量损失率为2.47 % ,摩擦系数下降1.33 % ,抗压强度基本不变;由高温老化后的核桃壳和毫米级碳酸钙所形成的封堵层,其承压能力下降了48.84 % 。分析指出,堵漏材料高温老化失效是深井超深井裂缝封堵层结构破坏并在储层段发生重复性漏失的一个重要因素。     

工业装置渣油加氢失活催化剂上的金属赋存状态研究

以工业固定床渣油加氢失活催化剂（失活剂）为研究对象,依次采用正庚烷、甲苯对其进行索氏抽提,通过对失活催化剂上金属含量、形态及分布进行分析表征,发现金属沉积量沿着物流方向呈现降低趋势。通过Raman光谱、XPS分析表征发现,渣油加氢失活剂表面沥青质类物质含量很低。渣油加氢处理催化剂的活性相主要有3种：MoS2相、NiMoS相或CoMoS相。沉积的焦炭和金属使得催化剂暴露在外表面的活性相数量非常少。     

高岭土/二甲基亚砜插层物合成ZSM-5沸石及表征

引入高岭土/二甲基亚砜插层物(KDC)在水热合成体系下制备ZSM-5沸石复合材料。考察了KDC不同加入量对合成ZSM-5沸石分子筛的影响。采用粉末X射线衍射法、红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重 差热(TG-DTA)、N2静态吸附法、电子扫描电镜和透射电镜对合成的ZSM-5分子筛进行分析表征。结果表明,在合成体系中加入KDC合成的ZSM 5沸石分子筛物相单一,当KDC的加入质量分数为6%时,其相对结晶度达到55%,热稳定性较好,粒径约为5 μm,BET比表面积和孔径分别达到了199 m2/g和6.6 nm,具有介孔结构。     

CPM中相关同步技术的研究

针对连续相位调制系统,提出了一种利用相关器来辅助实现同步的方法,分为差分相关、绝对相位相关两种方法.通过MATLAB仿真,分析了两种相关方法的性能.在性能最佳的基础上,提出了一种利用FPGA实现的简化算法,节省了FPGA芯片的逻辑资源,使相关器的FPGA有效实现变为可能.     

Structural Explanation of the Dielectric Enhancement of Barium Titanate Nanoparticles Grown under Hydrothermal Conditions

When synthesized under certain conditions, barium titanate (BaTiO₃, BTO) nanoparticles are found to have the non-thermodynamic cubic structure at room temperature. These particles also have a several-fold enhanced dielectric constant, sometimes exceeding 6000, and are widely used in thin-layer capacitors. A hydrothermal approach is used to synthesize BTO nanocrystals, which are characterized by a range of methods, including X-ray Rietveld refinement and the Williamson–Hall approach, revealing the presence of significant inhomogeneous strain associated with the cubic phase. However, X-ray pair distribution function measurements clearly show the local structure is lower symmetry than cubic. This apparent inconsistency is resolved by examining 3D Bragg coherent diffraction images of selected nanocrystals, which show the existence of ≈50 nm-sized domains, which are interpreted as tetragonal twins, and yet cause the average crystalline structure to appear cubic. The ability of these twin boundaries to migrate under the influence of electric fields explains the dielectric anomaly for the nanocrystalline phase.     

Switching on Fluorescent Emission by Molecular Recognition and Aggregation Dissociation

A generic and effective approach to “switch on” and enhance the two‐photon fluorescence (TPF) emission of quenched TPF molecules, i.e., fluorene derivatives, is reported in terms of molecular recognition with a decoupling medium. Such a medium, in this case Bombyx mori silk, can recognize TPF molecules and inhibit the aggregation of the TPF molecules. The designed TPF molecules are 2,7‐bis[2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)ethenyl]‐9,9‐dibutylfluorene ( 4NF ) and 2,7‐bis[2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)ethenyl]‐9,9‐dioctylfluorene ( 8NF ), which exhibit suppressed TPF emission owing to molecular‐stacking‐led aggregation in the solid form. Due to the specific recognition between –NO₂ in the quenched fluorescent molecules and –NH groups in silk fibroin molecules, the aggregated molecules of 4NF / 8NF molecules are decoupled. This decoupling gives rise to a significant increase in TPF quantum yields. The mechanism is further confirmed by replacing the terminal group –NO₂ in 8NF with –CH₃ (in 2,7‐bis[2‐(4‐methylphenyl)ethenyl]‐9,9‐dioctylfluorene; 8MF ) to eliminate the possibility of molecular recognition. As predicted, in the case of 8MF the switching‐on effect is eliminated. Completely new TPF silk fibers can additionally be applied in real‐time 3D high‐resolution TPF scaffold bioimaging.