Ermittlung der Zinkaktivität in flüssigen Mangan- und Eisenlegierungen

Ermittlung der Zinkaktivität in Mangan-Zink- und Eisen-Zink-Schmelzen. Darstellung der Aktivitätsverläufe im System Mn–Zn für 1300°C und Molenbrüche bis zu x_Zn = 0,04 sowie im System Fe–Zn für 1585°C und Molenbrüche bis zu x_Zn = 0,005.     

An approach to the evaluation of electromechanical transient processes in power systems

The paper presents an approach to the evaluation of electromechanical transient processes in power systems. On the basis of identification of the physical properties of the system considered, for an adequately chosen time interval, quasilinearization and decomposition of the original system of nonlinear differential equations into subsystems is performed. A linear transformation is introduced which transforms the state matrix of the sub-systems into diagonal form. These simplifications enable the use of numerical integration schemes based on difference state equations, which have an elementary form. As a result, a model is formed which is very suitable for numerical treatment. The integration is performed without numerical instability, quickly and effectively, with the desired simulation accuracy, and with low memory requirements.     

High-throughput single-cell fluorescence spectroscopy

A high-throughput method for measuring single-cell fluorescence spectra is presented. Upon excitation with a 488 nm argon-ion laser many bacterial cells were imaged by a 20x microscope objective while they moved through a capillary tube. Fluorescence was dispersed by a transmission diffraction grating, and an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera simultaneously recorded the zero and the first orders of the fluorescence from each cell. Single-cell fluorescence spectra were reconstructed from the distance between zero-order and first-order maxima as well as the length and the pixel intensity distribution of the first-order images. By using this approach, the emission spectrum of E. coli cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was reconstructed. Also, fluorescence spectra of E. coli cells expressing non-fluorescent apo-subunits of R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) were recorded after incubation of the cells with phycoerythrobilin (PEB) chromophore. The fluorescence spectra are in good agreement with results obtained on the same cells using a fluorescence spectrometer or a fluorescence microscope. When spectra are to be acquired, this approach has a higher throughput, better sensitivity, and better spectral resolution compared to flow cytometry.     

Neural network prediction of brake friction materials wear

Wear of brake friction materials depends on many factors such as temperature, applied load, sliding velocity, properties of mating materials, and durability of the transfer layer. Prediction of friction materials wear versus their formulation and manufacturing conditions in synergy with brakes operating conditions can be considered as a crucial issue for further friction materials development. In this paper, the artificial neural network abilities have been used for predicting wear of the friction materials versus influence of all relevant factors. The neural model of friction materials wear has been developed taking into account: (i) complete formulation of the friction material (18 ingredients), (ii) the most important manufacturing conditions of the friction material (5 parameters), (iii) applied load and sliding velocity of the friction material both represented by work done by brake application, and (iv) brake interface temperature.     

Benefits of multiple micronutrient supplementation in heart failure: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Background: Multiple micronutrient supplementation has been suggested to have a role on health outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF), but the evidence is inconclusive. Objective: To elucidate the role of multiple micronutrient supplementation in heart failure we performed a comprehensive review of the literature. Methods and results: The search in databases included PUBMED (until June 2018) to detect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyzes that investigated the impact of micronutrient supplementation in HF. Results: With more than 2357 titles and abstracts reviewed, we included only the studies suitable for the final review. Whether alone or in combination, micronutrients have been found to improve the health outcomes of patients with HF by improving symptoms, work capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), thus increasing the quality of life in these patients. Conclusion: Future studies are needed to document the effects of multiple micronutrient associations in order to include them in nutritional guidelines to increase survival and to improve quality of life in patients with heart failure.     

Inulin-based emulsion-filled gel as a fat replacer in prebiotic- and PUFA-enriched dry fermented sausages

In order to produce fermented sausages with prebiotic fibre and improved fatty acid composition, 16% of pork back fat was replaced with inulin gelled suspension (I) and inulin linseed oil gelled emulsion (IO). Physico-chemical analysis, fatty acid profiles, lipid oxidation, microbiological, textural, colour and sensory analysis were carried out. The fat content was lower in I (31.38%) and IO (35.36%) modified sausages compared to control (44.37%) (P < 0.05). IO sausages had lower SFA and MUFA and higher PUFA content with an improved n-6/n-3 ratio (2.23) (P < 0.05) and α-linolenic acid increment (5.74 g per 100 g). Reformulation led to decrease in springiness, chewiness and hardness and increase in adhesiveness of the sausages. Modified sausages had lower L* and higher a* values, while b* values of I sausages did not differ compared to control sausages. Modified sausages were acceptable regarding all sensory attributes. Lipid oxidation parameters showed higher susceptibility to oxidation and lipolysis in IO sausages.     

New multi-criteria LNN WASPAS model for evaluating the work of advisors in the transport of hazardous goods

Neural Computing and Applications - Successfully organizing the transport of hazardous materials and handling them correctly is a very important logistical task that affects both the overall flow...