The PV infrastructure: Architecture from houses to highways

Integrating photovoltaics into the built environment presents unique opportunities and challenges. Designers have to mediate between the functional demands of photovoltaics as solar devices and their architectural role as a building material. Photovolt aics are highly modular and will be used in large and small projects; their design will have to be considered at all scales. Solutions to these problems will change, for better or worse, the orientation and focus of the built environment. Will buildings, now mostly indifferent or even hostile to their climate, turn outward, expressing their relationship to the sun, or will the landscape be transformed into a sea of modules, fixed at monotonously optimized angles?     

Effect of the Route of Administration on the Induction of Cytogenetic Damage and DNA Adducts in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Rats and Mice by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Experiments were designed to investigate how the route of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in mice and rats affects the induction of cytogenetic end points and DNA adduction. Both mice and rats were exposed to 100 mg/kg of benz[ a ]anthracene (B[ a ]A), benzo[ b ]fluoranthene (B[ b ]F), benzo[ a ]pyrene (B[ a ]P), or chrysene (Chr) by gavage or by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.). Peripheral blood was removed by cardiac puncture 7 days after PAH administration. Blood samples were analyzed in parallel for sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, the frequency of micronuclei in cytochalasin B-induced binucleate cells (MN bn ), and DNA adduction using 32P-postlabeling. The i.p. route of exposure produced both the highest levels of cytogenetic damage and DNA adducts for each PAH. The mouse was more sensitive than the rat to PAH exposure as measured by SCE induction and the total amount of DNA adducts/ w g DNA.     

Special features of pulsed arc welding of titanium

The special features of pulsed arc welding of titanium are described.     

Tool for Friction Stir Welding in the Aerospace Industry

Russian Engineering Research - A tool for friction stir welding is analyzed experimentally. On the basis of model tests, design improvements are proposed: specifically, the proposed profile of the...     

First-principles, UV Raman, X-ray diffraction and TEM study of the structure and lattice dynamics of the diamond-lonsdaleite system

We report the results of the study of the polycrystalline powder of the diamond-lonsdaleite system by X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy and UV Raman spectroscopy. The measured data of structural parameters are in good agreement with ab initio calculations. We show that the Raman spectrum is proportional to the phonon density of states of the diamond-lonsdaleite system.