Learning from Imbalanced Data Sets with Weighted Cross-Entropy Function

Neural Processing Letters - This paper presents a novel approach to deal with the imbalanced data set problem in neural networks by incorporating prior probabilities into a cost-sensitive...     

Non-probabilistic robust continuum topology optimization with stress constraints

Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization - This paper proposes a non-probabilistic robust design approach, based on optimization with anti-optimization, to handle unknown-but-bounded loading...     

Evolutionary-computer-assisted design of image operators that detect interest points using genetic programming

This work describes a way of designing interest point detectors using an evolutionary-computer-assisted design approach. Nowadays, feature extraction is performed through the paradigm of interest point detection due to its simplicity and robustness for practical applications such as: image matching and view-based object recognition. Genetic programming is used as the core functionality of the proposed human-computer framework that significantly augments the scope of interest point design through a computer assisted learning process. Indeed, genetic programming has produced numerous interest point operators, many with unique or unorthodox designs. The analysis of those best detectors gives us an advantage to achieve a new level of creative design that improves the perspective for human-machine innovation. In particular, we present two novel interest point detectors produced through the analysis of multiple solutions that were obtained through single and multi-objective searches. Experimental results using a well-known testbed are provided to illustrate the performance of the operators and hence the effectiveness of the proposal.     

Yet Another Intelligent Code-Generating System: A Flexible and Low-Cost Solution

Modern compilers apply various code transformation algorithms to improve the quality of the target code. However, a complex problem is to determine which transformation algorithms must be utilized. This is difficult because of three reasons: a number of transformation algorithms, various combination possibilities, and several configuration possibilities. Over the last few years, various intelligent systems were presented in the literature. The goal of these systems is to search for transformation algorithms and thus apply them to a certain program. This paper proposes a flexible, low-cost and intelligent system capable of identifying transformation algorithms for an input program, considering the program’s specific features. This system is flexible for parameterization selection and has a low-computational cost. In addition, it has the capability to maximize the exploration of available computational resources. The system was implemented under the Low Level Virtual Machine infrastructure and the results indicate that it is capable of exceeding, up to 21.36%, performance reached by other systems. In addition, it achieved an average improvement of up to 17.72% over the most aggressive compiler optimization level of the Low Level Virtual Machine infrastructure.     

MXene Phase with C3 Structure Unit: A Family of 2D Electrides

A new structural phase is discovered for M₂CO₂ MXenes with M = Sc, Y, La, Lu, Tm, and Ho. The hexagonal carbon layer sandwiched between M atoms, typical for MXenes, is transformed into C₃ trimers with anionic electrons localized in quasi zero-dimensional lattice spaces in-between the C₃ units, so the systems can be described as [M₆ C₃ O₆]^+II : 2e⁻ electrides. The systems are readily ionized into [M₆ C₃ O₆]^+II with very low ionization energy via an anti-doping mechanism. It is shown that this new structure of Sc₂CO₂ can bind multiple lithium atoms, with low migration barriers. The findings indicate that these M₂CO₂ MXenes with unusual carbon trimers are a new family of 2D electride insulators with the potential for charge storage applications, thermal field emission, and as anode material in lithium batteries.     

全封闭往复式压缩机CO2跨临界循环的热力及流体动力特性:实验研究

本文建立了一个实验装置，该装置可以一般性分析CO2跨临界制冷循环并专门用于测试CO2往复式全封闭压缩机的样机。实验数据不仅可以定量比较每个元件，而且可以定量比较整个制冷系统。本项工作的目的是为了阐述已成型的以CO2作为制冷剂的、工作于跨临界循环的CL15型往复式全封闭压缩机。同时，该论文完整的描述了实验所用的设备及仪器。最后，该论文提供了大量不同工作状态下的实验比较结果，不同工作状态包括蒸发温度的高低变化、过热度的改变及气体冷却压力的变化。实验结果表明该压缩机有一定发展潜力。     

Variation of the lipids and fatty acids in marine shrimps consumed in Venezuela

There are three marine shrimp species in the Venezuelan internal market, two of them are native species, from fisheries, Farfantapenaeus brasiliensis and Litopenaeus schmitti, and one is an exotic species and farmed, L. vannamei. The objectives of this paper were to determine the possible variation of lipid content and fatty acid composition of these species, even under different culture conditions (e.g. feed used). The lipid content in all the species are higher (5 to 10 times) that the data from previous papers deal with marine shrimps, ranged from 4.8 to 10.9%, suggesting that its impact in the human health should be reviewed. At the same time, there were detected differences between the lipid content and fatty acids composition of the species. Wild L. schmitti had the highest lipid content (10.9%), following by wild F. brasiliensis (9.0%), cultured L. schmitti (4.8% to 7.1%) and cultured L. vannamei (5.1% to 6.2%). On the other hand, L. schmitti fed on commercial feed had the highest proportion of EPA and/or DHA, following by L. vannamei fed on the experimental feed, wild L. schmitti and fed with the experimental feed and wild F. brasiliensis.     

Detection and visualization of surface-pockets to enable phenotyping studies

In this paper, we propose a technique for detecting pockets on a surface-of-interest. A sequence of propagating fronts converging to the target surface is used as the basis for inspection. We compute a correspondence function between the initial and the target surface. This leads to a natural definition of the local feature size measured as the evolution distance between mapped points. Surface pockets are then extracted as salient clusters embedded in the feature space. The level-set initialization also determines the scale-space of the extracted pockets. Results are presented on a case-study in which the focus is to chronicle the phenotyping differences in genetically modified mouse placenta. Our results are validated based on manually verified ground-truth.     

Improving the Mechanical Properties and Wear Resistance of a Commercial Pearlitic Rail Steel Using a Two-Step Heat Treatment

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - The possibility of improving the mechanical and wear performance of steel rails with conventional compositions, near-eutectoid and without special...     

WebSpec: a visual language for specifying interaction and navigation requirements in web applications

Web application development is a complex and time-consuming process that involves different stakeholders (ranging from customers to developers); these applications have some unique characteristics like navigational access to information, sophisticated interaction features, etc. However, there have been few proposals to represent those requirements that are specific to Web applications. Consequently, validation of requirements (e.g., in acceptance tests) is usually informal and as a result troublesome. To overcome these problems, we present WebSpec, a domain-specific language for specifying the most relevant and characteristic requirements of Web applications: those involving interaction and navigation. We describe WebSpec diagrams, discussing their abstraction and expressive power. With a simple though realistic example, we show how we have used WebSpec in the context of an agile Web development approach discussing several issues such as automatic test generation, management of changes in requirements, and improving the understanding of the diagrams through application simulation.