Pr-ZrSiO4颜料（镨锆黄）的两步法合成与表征

以ZrOCl2.8H2O、Na2SiO3.9H2O及Pr6O11为原料,采用水热合成加高温热处理两步法制备得到纳米级镨锆黄颜料.用XRD、TEM、SEM、反射光谱、L*a*b*参数等测试方法表征了样品晶体结构、形貌、颜色以及反射光谱参数.研究结果表明:水热体系溶液的pH值、水热温度、热处理温度是影响产物晶体结构及颜料性能的主要因素.综合考虑颜料的晶型、光谱差值、粒径大小、均匀性以及分散性,当反应条件为水热温度220℃,水热体系溶液的pH值为3.5,热处理温度为900℃条件下所得样品的颜料性能较佳.     

不同种类氧化-还原引发体系对淀粉与丙烯酸接枝产物吸水性能的影响

以玉米淀粉和丙烯酸为主要原料,采用溶液聚合的方法,详细研究了H2O2、K2S2O8-Na2S2O3、Mn3 及Ce4 等不同种类氧化-还原引发体系对淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚物吸水性能的影响,用FTIR、XRD、DSC等方法对共聚产物结构进行了表征.通过对不同氧化-还原引发体系的引发机理分析和吸水性能测试结果比较,研究表明采用K2S2O8-Na2S2O3做引发体系时,接枝产物的吸水倍率最高,吸去离子水近1000g/g.     

酚醛树脂聚合相分离热解制备介孔碳

采用酚醛树脂聚合相分离热解制备多孔碳, 用压汞仪和场发射扫描电镜对多孔碳性能进行表征, 同时研究了固化催化剂含量对多孔碳性能的影响. 实验结果表明, 制备得到的多孔碳的孔呈交联互通状且孔径分布较窄, 大部分孔分布在20～50nm之间. 多孔碳的平均孔径约40nm. 高固化催化剂含量使多孔碳具有更薄的孔壁及更高的显气孔率. 当固化催化剂含量为15%时, 多孔碳的显气孔率为54.3%. 胶凝速度以及体积收缩是改变多孔碳性能的两个因素.     

红外成像系统仿真

基于红外设备外场试验可以获得很多系统参量,提出红外成像系统效应仿真应基于设备外场试验参量进行.分析了红外成像系统的像差效应、离焦效应、空间积分效应和噪声分布,分别就红外成像系统的光学系统效应和探测器效应进行了仿真.结合红外系统试验参量给出了红外成像系统效应仿真结果.     

等离子体电解氧化制备生物活性多孔纳米TiO2涂层

采用等离子体电解氧化(PEO)技术,在纯钛基体上制备了具有多孔和纳米结构并含有不同钙磷含量的氧化钛涂层.采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究了涂层的显微结构和相组成.采用模拟体液浸泡实验评价涂层的生物活性.研究结果表明:涂层主要由锐钛矿和金红石相组成,涂层表面孔径小于10μm,晶粒直径约10～100nm,且涂层表面晶粒、涂层厚度、表面粗糙度和涂层中的钙磷元素含量均随着PEO过程中电流密度的增大而增加.PEO涂层在模拟体液中浸泡14 d即能够诱导类骨磷灰石在其表面沉积,显示出良好的生物活性.涂层中的钙磷含量和结晶形态对其生物活性起关键作用.     

福建省文化创意产业现状与对策分析

文化创意产业是一个新兴的产业,是当代社会经济发展的重要趋势.在福建省文化创意产业发展现状分析基础上,进一步探讨福建文化创意产业面临的机遇和挑战,并提出若干对策和建议.     

普洱茶黄曲霉毒素污染风险及其抑制研究进展

近年来,关于"喝普洱茶致癌"、"普洱茶中检测出黄曲霉毒素"等言论时有传出,引起市场以及饮茶人恐慌。本文对普洱茶中黄曲霉污染状况以及近年来开展的相关实验研究进行综述。结果表明,在普洱茶发酵过程中,黑曲霉等优势菌群不仅会抑制黄曲霉的生长及产毒,还可降解其毒素,但黄曲霉毒素污染风险抑制机制有待进一步研究阐明。同时,普洱茶由于含茶多酚、咖啡碱等物质对黄曲霉毒素有一定的抑制作用。潜在的黄曲霉毒素污染风险可能来自于鲜叶采摘、产品加工、产品流通及仓储等各生产环节的外源性污染。随着质量安全意识的日益提升和科学技术的飞速发展,普洱茶的质量安全风险管控越来越朝着规范化、专业化、标准化、清洁化的方向健康发展,普洱茶真菌毒素污染风险也必将得到越来越有效的控制,广大消费者可不必为此忧心。     

LED用荧光玻璃的制备及性能研究

以行星球磨得到的SiO₂粉体和商用Ce:YAG荧光粉为原料, 采用放电等离子体烧结技术(简称SPS)成功制备块体荧光玻璃。利用XRD、SEM、紫外/可见光分光光度计和荧光光谱仪等研究了Ce:YAG荧光玻璃的物相、显微结构、吸收和发光性能等。研究结果表明: SPS烧结制备的块体荧光玻璃样品主体是非晶相, 同时荧光粉颗粒在玻璃基质中均匀分布, 颗粒大小也未发生变化, 这表明荧光粉晶体在SPS烧结过程中没有发生化学分解反应, 在玻璃基体中得到很好地保存。该荧光玻璃吸收峰在460 nm左右, 发射波长在530 nm左右。通过对不同含量荧光粉的荧光玻璃进行发光性能表征, 发现荧光粉含量为3wt%的荧光玻璃性能最佳, 以此封装的白光LED样品在800 mA电流驱动下, 获得白光输出, 色坐标为(0.33, 0.38)。     

Review on thermochromic vanadium dioxide based smart coatings: from lab to commercial application

With an urgent demand of energy efficient coatings for building fenestrations, vanadium dioxide (VO₂)-based thermochromic smart coatings have been widely investigated due to the reversible phase transition of VO₂ at a critical transition temperature of 68 C, which is accompanied by the modulation of solar irradiation, especially in the near-infrared region. As for commercial applications in our daily life, there are still some obstacles for VO₂-based smart coatings, such as the high phase transition temperature, optical properties (luminous transmittance and solar modulation ability), environmental stability in a long-time period, as well as mass production. In this review, recent progress of thermochromic smart coatings to solve above obstacles has been surveyed. Meanwhile, future development trends have also been given to promote the goal of commercial production of VO₂ smart coatings. The full text can be downloaded at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40436-017-0209-2     

Near-infrared luminescent mesoporous MCM-41 materials covalently bonded with ternary thulium complexes

Two β-diketones 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-2-thenoyl-1,3-butanedione (Htta) and 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-naphthyl)-1,3-butanedione (Htfnb), which contain trifluoroalkyl chain, were selected as the main sensitizer for synthesizing Tm(L)₃phen (L = tta, tfnb) complexes. The two near-infrared (NIR) luminescent thulium complexes have been covalently bonded to the ordered mesoporous material MCM-41 via a functionalized 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) group 5-(N,N-bis-3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)ureyl-1,10-phenanthroline (phen-Si) [The resultant mesoporous materials are denoted as Tm(L)₃phen–MCM-41 (L = tta, tfnb)]. The Tm(L)₃phen–MCM-41 (L = tta, tfnb) mesoporous materials were characterized by small-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N₂ adsorption/desorption, and they show characteristic mesoporous structure of MCM-41. Luminescence spectra of the Tm(L)₃phen–MCM-41 (L = tta, tfnb) mesoporous materials were recorded and the corresponding luminescence decay curves were obtained. After ligand-mediated excitation, the emission spectra of the Tm(L)₃phen–MCM-41 (L = tta, tfnb) mesoporous materials show the characteristic NIR-luminescence of the Tm³⁺ ion. The full width at half maximum (fwhm) of the 1474-nm emission band are 96 and 100 nm for Tm(tta)₃phen–MCM-41 and Tm(tfnb)₃phen–MCM-41, respectively. The good luminescent performances enable these NIR-luminescent mesoporous materials to have potential applications in optical amplification [broadening amplification band from C band (1530–1560 nm) to S⁺ band (1450–1500 nm)]. Furthermore, the comparison of the luminescence behavior for Tm(tta)₃phen–MCM-41 and Tm(tfnb)₃phen–MCM-41 mesoporous materials was investigated. It shows that Tm(tfnb)₃phen–MCM-41 is somewhat superior to Tm(tta)₃phen–MCM-41 as optical amplifier.