全文获取类型
收费全文 | 656篇 |
免费 | 14篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 42篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
化学工业 | 135篇 |
金属工艺 | 24篇 |
机械仪表 | 16篇 |
建筑科学 | 19篇 |
能源动力 | 26篇 |
轻工业 | 49篇 |
水利工程 | 3篇 |
石油天然气 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 28篇 |
一般工业技术 | 113篇 |
冶金工业 | 106篇 |
原子能技术 | 34篇 |
自动化技术 | 79篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 14篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 18篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 37篇 |
2010年 | 19篇 |
2009年 | 30篇 |
2008年 | 22篇 |
2007年 | 29篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 12篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 44篇 |
1997年 | 32篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有676条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Yoshikazu Takaku Lazuardi Felicia Ikuo Ohnuma Ryosuke Kainuma Kiyohito Ishida 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2008,37(3):314-323
Chemical reactions between Cu substrates and Zn-Al high-temperature solder alloys, Zn-4Al and Zn-4Al-1Cu (mass%), at temperatures
ranging from 420°C to 530°C were experimentally investigated by a scanning electron microscope using backscattered electrons
(SEM-BSE) and an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA). Intermediate phases (IMPs), β(A2) or β′(B2), γ(D82), and ε(A3) phases formed and grew during the soldering and aging treatments. The consumption rate of the IMP for Cu substrates
is described by the square root of t in both the alloys, while the additional Cu in the molten Zn-Al alloy slightly suppresses the consumption of Cu substrates.
The growth of IMPs during soldering treatment is controlled by the volume diffusion of constituent elements, and its activation
energy increases in the order of Q
ε < Q
γ < Q
β. In view of the aging process, the growth of IMPs is considered to be controlled by the volume diffusion. In particular,
the layer thickness of γ rapidly grows over 200°C, although the thickness of the β layer grows very slowly. 相似文献
92.
Hiromasa Tanno Emi Kanno Suzuna Sato Yu Asao Mizuki Shimono Shiho Kurosaka Yukari Oikawa Shinyo Ishi Miki Shoji Ko Sato Jun Kasamatsu Tomomitsu Miyasaka Hideki Yamamoto Keiko Ishii Yoshimichi Imai Masahiro Tachi Kazuyoshi Kawakami 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(8)
Chronic infections are considered one of the most severe problems in skin wounds, and bacteria are present in over 90% of chronic wounds. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently isolated from chronic wounds and is thought to be a cause of delayed wound healing. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, unique lymphocytes with a potent regulatory ability in various inflammatory responses, accelerate the wound healing process. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of iNKT cells in the host defense against P. aeruginosa inoculation at the wound sites. We analyzed the re-epithelialization, bacterial load, accumulation of leukocytes, and production of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides. In iNKT cell–deficient (Jα18KO) mice, re-epithelialization was significantly decreased, and the number of live colonies was significantly increased, when compared with those in wild-type (WT) mice on day 7. IL-17A, and IL-22 production was significantly lower in Jα18KO mice than in WT mice on day 5. Furthermore, the administration of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), a specific activator of iNKT cells, led to enhanced host protection, as shown by reduced bacterial load, and to increased production of IL-22, IL-23, and S100A9 compared that of with WT mice. These results suggest that iNKT cells promote P. aeruginosa clearance during skin wound healing. 相似文献
93.
Shahira Said Aly Tsuyoshi Imai Mohamed Salah Hassouna Diem-Mai Kim Nguyen Takaya Higuchi Ariyo Kanno Koichi Yamamoto Rinji Akada Masahiko Sekine 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(10):5300-5313
The ability of Clostridium butyricum RAK25832 to use casamino acids as a nitrogen source was investigated. Strain RAK25832 showed the capacity to utilize different types of carbon sources. With glucose as a carbon source (10 g/L), the preferred final concentration of casamino acids was 26.67 g/L, with a cumulative hydrogen production, production rate, and yield of 2505 mL H2/L, 160 mL/h, and 1.81 mol H2/mol glucose, respectively. Eighteen metal elements were screened to identify the most important metals for biohydrogen production, and four elements were optimized. The optimal medium composition was MgCl2·6H2O (0.1 g/L), K2HPO4·3H2O (6.67 g/L), NaHCO3 (2.6 g/L), and FeCl2·4H2O (0.002 g/L). Vitamin supplementation of the medium showed no significant effect on hydrogen production. Under the optimized conditions, cumulative hydrogen production reached 3074 mL H2/L. This is the first study to demonstrate the use of casamino acids as a nitrogen source by C. butyricum. 相似文献
94.
The quality loss suggested by Taguchi has been recognised as a new quality evaluation based on variable property instead of the quality evaluation based on traditional attribute property such as the proportion of nonconforming items. Some variable sampling inspection plans in order to assure the quality have been considered. As one of those sampling inspection plans, the single sampling plan with screening (SSPS) has been constructed for acceptance quality loss limit inspection scheme. Further, the repetitive group sampling plan with screening (RGSPS) has been developed for reducing the average total inspection (ATI). Although ATI by RGSPS has successfully been reduced in comparison with ATI by SSPS, RGSPS may sometimes increase the average sampling frequency (ASF) in return for reducing ATI. In this study, the stage-independent double sampling plan with screening (SIDSPS) based on the concept of the acceptance quality loss limit inspection scheme is proposed under the consideration of the trade-off between ATI and ASF. Through some numerical comparisons about ATI and ASF in SSPS, RGSPS, and SIDSPS, the usefulness of SIDSPS proposed in this study is confirmed. 相似文献
95.
96.
Tsutomu Kanno Hiromasa Tamaki Masato Yoshiya Hiroshi Uchiyama Sachiko Maki Masaki Takata Yuzuru Miyazaki 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(13):2008469
Mg3Sb2-based intermetallic compounds with exceptionally high thermoelectric performance exhibit unconventional n-type dopability and anomalously low thermal conductivity, attracting much attention to the underlying mechanisms. To date, investigations have been limited to first-principle calculations and thermodynamic analysis of defect formation, and detailed experimental analysis on crystal structure and phonon modes has not been achieved. Here, a synchrotron X-ray diffraction study clarifies that, against a previous view of a simple crystal structure with a small unit cell, Mg3Sb2 is inherently a heavily disordered material with Frenkel defects, charge-neutral defect complexes of cation vacancies and interstitials. Ionic charge neutrality preserved in Mg3Sb2 is responsible for exotic n-type dopability, which is unachievable for other Zintl phase materials. The thermal conductivity of Mg3Sb2 exhibits deviation from the standard T−1 temperature dependency with strongly limited phonon transport due to a strain field. Inelastic X-ray scattering measurement reveals enhanced phonon scattering induced by disorder. The results will draw renewed attention to crystal defects and disorder as means to explore new high-performance thermoelectric materials. 相似文献
97.
Akira Takaki Toshihiko Hasegawa Masataka Isogawa Ikuo Narisawa 《Polymer Engineering and Science》1994,34(8):680-690
The fracture mode of poly(vinyl chloride)/methyl methacrylate/butadiene/styrene (PVC/MBS) polymer blends can change from ductile to brittle in accordance with the changes in shape of the test specimen or test conditions. Therefore, the mechanisms of impact energy absorption and the main cause of stress whitening are complicated. The following results on PVC/MBS blends were obtained by carrying out fracture experiments at different test speeds and temperatures:
- (1) The ductile/brittle fracture mode of the PVC and PVC/MBS blends can be explained by σ (the craze initiation stress)/σy (the shear yield initiation stress), which depends on the strain rates and temperature.
- (2) The fracture behavior of the PVC/MBS blends can be classified into the following types from the standpoints of fracture mode and whitening degree: Fracture I: ductile fracture without whitening; Fracture II: ductile fracture with whitening; and Fracture III: brittle fracture without whitening.
- (3) The following concepts can be estimated from the measurements of yield stress, specific gravity and SEM, TEM and visual observations. In Fracture I, shear yield occurs mainly. In Fracture II, both shear yield and crazing occur. In Fracture III, deformation of the rubber and local crazing occur.
- (4) The main cause of stress whitening in PVC/MBS blends is light scattering by cavities in the rubber particles.
- (5) In Fracture II, at first, crazes with cavities in the rubber particles occur. Then, shear yield occurs. Finally, crazes are healed by the heat, and only the cavities in the rubber remain.
98.
Benzene solutions of poly(phenylisopropenyl ketone) (PPIK), of copolymers of PIK and styrene and of phenyl-t-butyl ketone (pivalophenone) were irradiated with light flashes (duration 25 nsec) at wavelength 347 nm. The spectra observed at the end of the flash were attributed to the triplet state (T-T-spectra). A fraction of the triplets in the polymers was deactivated by T-T annihilation, as evidenced by lifetimes decreasing with increasing absorbed dose rate. Upon extrapolation to zero intensity the following triplet decay rate constants KT were obtained:.In PPIK and pivalophenone the dominant chemical route of triplet deactivation is α-cleavage. The relatively high kT value found with PPIK is presumably due to next neighbour interaction. In copolymers with a high content of isolated PIK units type I processes (α-cleavage) become less probable due to weak next neighbour influence. Thus type II processes dominate in copolymers although being slower than type I processes in homo PPIK. The rate constant of the reaction of PIK triplets in homo PPIK with 2-propanol in benzene solution is (2.0 ± 0.2)106 l/mol sec, whereas pivalophenone triplets react almost 10 times slower with 2-propanol. The difference is assumed to be due to a rather strong interaction of 2-propanol with ground state as well as with excited pivalophenone. 相似文献
99.
Naohide Kinae Takashi Hashizume Toshio Makita Isao Tomita Ikuo Kimura Hisayuki Kanamori 《Water research》1981,15(1):17-24
Sediment samples collected at three different coastal points (Shinguu, Ooigawa and Tagonoura) were extracted with diethylether and then methanol. Each extract was separated into five fractions by high-speed liquid chromatography and they were submitted to mutagenic assay using B. subtilis and S. typhimurium and to GC-MS analysis.The ether fraction of sediment sample from Shinguu showed DNA damaging potency on B. subtilis and exhibited mutagenic effect on S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1537. 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol, 3,4,5,6-tetrachloroguaiacol, dehydroabietic acid, pyrene and fluoranthene were mutagenic substances among 28 substances identified and tested. 相似文献
100.
Experimental visualization of lithium diffusion in LixFePO4 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chemical energy storage using batteries will become increasingly important for future environmentally friendly ('green') societies. The lithium-ion battery is the most advanced energy storage system, but its application has been limited to portable electronics devices owing to cost and safety issues. State-of-the-art LiFePO4 technology as a new cathode material with surprisingly high charge-discharge rate capability has opened the door for large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries such as in plug-in hybrid vehicles. The scientific community has raised the important question of why a facile redox reaction is possible in the insulating material. Geometric information on lithium diffusion is essential to understand the facile electrode reaction of LixFePO4 (0相似文献