人工快渗系统处理生活污水正交试验研究

采用自行设计的人工快渗系统,在实验室条件下,利用正交试验方法,考察了沸石填料层厚度、系统淹水时间、湿干比和水力负荷4个因素对处理生活污水中COD、氨氮、TN去除效果的影响程度,确定了人工快渗系统最佳运行参数的范围,影响系统COD去除效果的主要因素为湿干比,影响氨氮去除效果的主要因素为系统淹水时间,影响TN去除效果的主要因素为沸石填料层厚度。     

弱酸性交换树脂处理含铅废水动态吸附行为研究

采用110弱酸性树脂对废铅酸蓄电池在回收过程中产生的破碎分选废水(浊环水)进行了脱铅深度处理。通过柱动态试验,考察了树脂形态、温度、流速等因素对吸附及脱附的影响。结果表明,优化的吸附条件为:树脂Na型、流速20 BV/h、温度30℃,吸附过程符合Yoon-Nelson模型,流出液前2000BV Pb2+的质量浓度小于1mg/L,树脂饱和吸附量为592.6mg/g;优化的脱附条件:脱附剂HNO3(浓度1.5mol/L)、流速10BV/h、温度20～30℃,脱附液中Pb2+的质量浓度达45.72g/L。     

脱碳工艺对制氢成本的影响分析

本文介绍了轻烃水蒸汽转化制氢装置中几种中变气脱碳工艺,分析了制氢流程中脱碳工序的利弊。通过对10000Nm3.h-1天然气制氢装置投资和能耗计算,分析了不同脱碳工艺流程对制氢成本的影响,结果表明:根据市场情况确定脱碳工艺,可以实现经济效益的最大化。     

高砷煤利用过程中的环境影响研究

选取贵州省某村煤、粉煤灰、土壤及农作物作为研究对象进行砷含量研究,并采用逐级化学提取法对粉煤灰进行形态分析.结果表明:该研究区煤、土壤及粉煤灰中砷含量均严重超标,普遍超出100mg/kg;粉煤灰中砷主要以残渣态存在(57％),其次是铁锰氧化物结合态(17.62％)、有机结合态(12.08％)、硫化物结合态(11.68％)、碳酸盐结合态(0.97％)、水溶态和可交换态(0.65％);研究区居民日常燃煤的砷排放量较大,每户日均排放量高达576.22 mg,排放率为48.07％,年均排放量达到0.21 kg;高砷煤利用过程中砷已经对农作物造成了一定影响.     

All-trans retinoic Acid treatment is associated with prohibitin expression in renal interstitial fibrosis rats

This study was performed to investigate the association of prohibitin with renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) lesion and to explore the association of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment with prohibitin expression in RIF rats. Rats were divided into three groups: the sham operation group (SHO), the model group subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), and the model group treated with ATRA (GA). Renal tissues were collected at 14 and 28 days after surgery, and the relevant indicators were detected. In comparison with the SHO group, the RIF index in the UUO group was markedly elevated (p < 0.01), and the RIF index in the GA group was alleviated compared with that in the UUO group (p < 0.01). Compared with the SHO group, the expression of prohibitin (protein or mRNA) in the UUO group was significantly reduced (each p < 0.01). Prohibitin expression in the GA group was markedly increased when compared with that in the UUO (p < 0.01). The expression of TGF-β1 (protein and mRNA), protein expressions of Col-IV, fibronectin, α-SMA and cleaved Caspase-3, ROS generation and cell apoptosis index in the UUO group were markedly higher than those in the SHO group (all p < 0.01), and their expressions in the GA group were markedly down-regulated compared to those in the UUO group (all p < 0.01, respectively). The protein expression of prohibitin was negatively correlated with the RIF index, protein expression of TGF-β1, Col-IV, fibronectin, α-SMA or cleaved Caspase-3, ROS generation and the cell apoptosis index (each p < 0.01). In conclusion, lower expression of prohibitin is associated with the RIF, and ATRA treatment is associated with increased prohibitin, which can prevent the progression of RIF.     

二丁基二月桂酸锡中锡含量的测定

二丁基二月桂酸锡经过微波消解去除有机物质,把有机锡转化为无机锡,再用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定无机锡的含量。     

双层桨搅拌槽内部流场的实验研究

运用计算流体动力学（CFD）方法对双层桨搅拌槽内部流场进行数值模拟。考察了流体在不同桨叶类型、不同桨叶间距对搅拌槽内宏观流动场的影响。研究发现：流体在桨叶间距为150 mm的双层桨内部流场流动效果好。在此间距的基础上得出流体在六圆盘上斜叶桨的搅拌槽内比六圆盘直叶桨搅拌槽内混合效果好。     

高选择识别铜和铁的冠醚类化合物

冠醚类化合物选择性识别金属阳离子。在大量调研文献的基础上,设计合成了冠醚类化合物,通过对蒽醌化合物进行修饰,合成了冠醚环和吡唑啉,将产物进行了荧光测定,发现该化合物能够很好的识别铜离子和铁离子。对该化合物进行了进一步的干扰离子测定,发现其基本不受影响,得到了较好的识别效果。     

污泥减量化技术研究进展

面对近年来污水处理行业污泥产量大、处理处置成本高而环境要求日趋严格的严峻形势,该文综合国内外近年来的学术研究和实践成果,系统介绍了污泥减量的理论基础,即污泥隐性增长、解偶联代谢、生物捕食和维持代谢。并详细探讨了基于4种减量原理的污泥减量新技术。     

某海洋平台油井产出物的硫化氢脱除工艺方案研究

随着海洋石油工业的发展,海洋平台对安全生产的要求越来越高。在南海某海洋平台在后期开发过程中有发现油井产出物中有硫化氢的存在,硫化物对海底管道和设备的腐蚀相当严重,如不加处理会造成严重的安全隐患,因此脱除硫化氢具有重要意义。文章介绍了脱除硫化氢工艺方案的制定及最佳方案的选择,可为下一步油田开发提供一定的指导意义。