β-成核剂对聚丙烯/木粉复合材料结晶与力学性能的影响

通过挤出成型法制备聚丙烯/木粉复合材料(PP/WF),添加一种镧系稀土金属络合物(WBG)成核剂诱导PP/WF复合材料中等规聚丙烯(iPP)形成β晶型。以差示扫描量热和X射线衍射为表征方法,分析成核剂对PP/WF结晶行为的作用,进而研究其对力学性能的影响。结果表明,WBG成核剂能有效地诱导PP/WF产生β-iPP结晶,当WBG的添加量为m(WBG)/m(PP)=0.3/100时其产生的β晶相对含量达到78.75%,β-iPP的相对含量还与PP/WF的冷却速率密切相关;添加WBG提高了复合材料中iPP的结晶温度;WBG成核剂能显著改善复合材料的冲击韧性,但对弯曲和拉伸性能略有不利影响。     

高导热炭/陶复合材料的制备及其性能研究

以天然鳞片石墨粉为骨料炭、中间相沥青作粘结剂、以及Si,Ti为添加剂,利用热压工艺制备了系列炭/陶复合材料.考察了热压温度对材料物理性能和微观结构的影响.研究表明:随着热压温度的升高,最终材料的导热率和热扩散系数都单调增大;而抗弯和抗压强度则有所下降.当热压温度为2700℃时,在平行于石墨层方向材料的温热导热率、热扩散系数、抗弯和抗压强度分别为654W/m·K,413mm2/s,34.5,31.5MPa.当热压温度为2300℃时,材料微晶的定向排列程度就较高,晶格排列也较为规则.利用XRD,SEM,TEM等考察了材料的微观结构,探讨了材料导热性能与微观结构之间的相互关系.     

纳米碳管催化CVD工艺中多物理场的耦合模拟分析

为了研究工艺参数对于化学气相沉积工艺制备纳米碳管的影响,建立了描述CVD工艺的2D轴对称几何模型,对CVD工艺中的温度场,前驱体浓度场、速度场进行了耦合模拟分析.研究结果表明在CVD炉内沿轴向存在一个很大的温度梯度,但高温沉积区域温度均匀稳定,前驱体乙炔浓度适中,有利于纳米碳管的生长.模拟结果的精确度高,可用于纳米碳管CVD工艺的参数优化,最终达到在计算机上做实验的目的.     

浸渍用酚醛树脂的流变行为和固化性能的研究

利用流变仪和热分析仪对213#酚醛树脂的流变行为和固化反应进行了研究.结果表明,该类酚醛树脂具有较宽的浸渍温区(60～80℃),适合作为浸渍剂使用.另外通过对该树脂的DSC研究得出其近似凝胶温度、固化温度和后处理温度分别为88.3、117.7和144.3℃.其表观活化能为88.22kJ/mol.     

Perinatal Obesity Induces Hepatic Growth Restriction with Increased DNA Damage Response,Senescence, and Dysregulated Igf-1-Akt-Foxo1 Signaling in Male Offspring of Obese Mice

Maternal obesity predisposes for hepato-metabolic disorders early in life. However, the underlying mechanisms causing early onset dysfunction of the liver and metabolism remain elusive. Since obesity is associated with subacute chronic inflammation and accelerated aging, we test the hypothesis whether maternal obesity induces aging processes in the developing liver and determines thereby hepatic growth. To this end, maternal obesity was induced with high-fat diet (HFD) in C57BL/6N mice and male offspring were studied at the end of the lactation [postnatal day 21 (P21)]. Maternal obesity induced an obese body composition with metabolic inflammation and a marked hepatic growth restriction in the male offspring at P21. Proteomic and molecular analyses revealed three interrelated mechanisms that might account for the impaired hepatic growth pattern, indicating prematurely induced aging processes: (1) Increased DNA damage response (γH2AX), (2) significant upregulation of hepatocellular senescence markers (Cdnk1a, Cdkn2a); and (3) inhibition of hepatic insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1-AKT-p38-FoxO1 signaling with an insufficient proliferative growth response. In conclusion, our murine data demonstrate that perinatal obesity induces an obese body composition in male offspring with hepatic growth restriction through a possible premature hepatic aging that is indicated by a pathologic sequence of inflammation, DNA damage, senescence, and signs of a possibly insufficient regenerative capacity.     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定牛奶中三氮脒残留

目的 本研究旨在结合超高效液相色谱－串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)技术,建立简便、快速的样品前处理方法,对牛奶中的痕量三氮脒残留进行检测。方法 用1%乙酸乙腈溶液振荡提取后,在-4℃条件下高速离心,取上清液旋转蒸干后,用10%乙腈水溶液复溶,用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪在正离子扫描及多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式下分析,外标法定量。结果 牛奶中三氮脒的检出限(limit of detection, LOD)为5 μg/kg,定量限(limit of quantification, LOQ)为15 μg/kg,在20~1000 μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数(r)为0.9993。将所研究的方法应用于实际牛奶样本中,其加标回收率在81.65%至85.49%之间,日内精密度分别在4.5%~5.5%,日间精密度在5.9%~8.2%之间。结论 本方法采用振荡提取加低温高速离心净化的前处理方法,简单快速,结合UPLC-MS/MS,可实现痕量水平残留的高灵敏度检测,适用于快速、高灵敏检测牛奶及其他动物源性食品中的三氮脒残留。     

硼取代聚芳烃中间相的制备

以煤焦油沥青与吡啶硼烷为原料,在４００ ℃,１ ＭＰａ 压力下,反应１０ ｈ 制备出了硼取代聚芳烃中间相。考察了硼含量对中间相性质及微观结构的影响。发现在同一热缩聚条件下随着硼添加量的增加,中间相沥青的收率下降,但中间相小球的收率却相应提高,球径逐渐减小。实验结果表明,硼促进了中间相的形成,并且起着交联剂的作用。     

新型紫外光固化涂料的研制

以四氢邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯与丙烯酸反应制备四氢邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油丙烯酸酯光敏低聚物,用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯对其进行改性,将自制改性低聚物与活性稀释剂、光引发剂及其他助剂配制新型紫外光固化涂料。研究了活性稀释剂、光引发剂种类及用量对光固化膜力学性能、附着力、硬度等方面的影响,并利用红外光谱对涂料及固化膜结构进行表征,确定了新型紫外光固化涂料的较佳配方。研究结果表明,该涂料固化速度快,硬度3H,附着力1级,拉伸强度25.3MPa,断裂伸长率9.0%,并且具有较好的耐热性和柔韧性。     

Organic Ferroelectric‐Based 1T1T Random Access Memory Cell Employing a Common Dielectric Layer Overcoming the Half‐Selection Problem

Organic electronics based on poly(vinylidenefluoride/trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) dielectric is facing great challenges in flexible circuits. As one indispensable part of integrated circuits, there is an urgent demand for low‐cost and easy‐fabrication nonvolatile memory devices. A breakthrough is made on a novel ferroelectric random access memory cell (1T1T FeRAM cell) consisting of one selection transistor and one ferroelectric memory transistor in order to overcome the half‐selection problem. Unlike complicated manufacturing using multiple dielectrics, this system simplifies 1T1T FeRAM cell fabrication using one common dielectric. To achieve this goal, a strategy for semiconductor/insulator (S/I) interface modulation is put forward and applied to nonhysteretic selection transistors with high performances for driving or addressing purposes. As a result, high hole mobility of 3.81 cm² V^?1 s^?1 (average) for 2,6‐diphenylanthracene (DPA) and electron mobility of 0.124 cm² V^?1 s^?1 (average) for N ,N ′‐1H,1H‐perfluorobutyl dicyanoperylenecarboxydiimide (PDI‐FCN₂) are obtained in selection transistors. In this work, we demonstrate this technology's potential for organic ferroelectric‐based pixelated memory module fabrication.     

Grain‐Boundary “Patches” by In Situ Conversion to Enhance Perovskite Solar Cells Stability

The power conversion efficiency of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells has increased rapidly, but the device stability remains a big challenge. Previous studies show the grain boundary (GB) can facilitate ion migration and initiate device degradation. Herein, methimazole (MMI) is employed for the first time to construct a surface “patch” by in situ converting residual PbI₂ at GBs. The resultant MMI–PbI₂ complex can effectively suppress ion migration and inhibit diffusion of the metal electrodes. The origin of the surface “patch” effect and their working mechanisms are investigated experimentally and theoretically at the microscopic level. It hence demonstrates a simple and effective method to prolong the device stability in the context of GB engineering, which could be extensively applied to perovskite‐based optoelectronics.