Hysteresis Compensation and Adaptive Controller Design for a Piezoceramic Actuator System in Atomic Force Microscopy

This paper presents an indirect adaptive controller combined with hysteresis compensation to achieve high accuracy positioning control of piezoceramic actuators and illustrates the results with an atomic force microscope (AFM) application. A dynamic model of a piezoceramic actuator system in AFM is derived and analyzed. A feedforward controller based on the Preisach model is proposed to compensate for the nonlinear hysteresis effects. Then an indirect adaptive controller is designed to achieve desired tracking performance as well as deal with the uncompensated nonlinearity from hysteresis and the system parameter variation due to creep. Experimental results indicate that the proposed controller can significantly improve the positioning control accuracy of the piezoceramic actuator as well as achieve high image quality of the AFM system. The maximum scanning error was reduced from 2µm to 0.3µm in comparison with a proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

A transmission electron microscope study of a cubic boron nitride-based compact material with AIN and AIB2 binder phases

The microstructure of a commercial cubic boron nitride compact, with aluminium nitride and aluminium diboride binder phases, has been characterized by transmission electron micro-scopy. Within individual grains significant plastic deformation is observed in the form of dis-locations and microtvvin lamellae. There is no evidence of recrystallization. Grains have been forced into direct contact, but there is no evidence of new growth of cubic boron nitride between the grains. Some grains have obviously broken or shattered during manufacture. Aluminium nitride is present mostly as an oriented rind around the cubic boron nitride grains where they are not in direct contact, while aluminium diboride forms a largely continuous network in the channels between them. Our observations suggest that the two aluminium compounds are responsible for most of the bonding in the compact. The orientation relation-ships between the cubic boron nitride and As aluminium nitride rind are, on (1 1 1) facets of BN, BN(1 1 1) AIN(0 0 0 1) and BN[1 1 0] AIN[1 1 – 0], and on (0 0 1) facets of BN, BN(0 0 1) AIN(0 0 0 1) and BN[1 1 0] AIN[l 1 ¨ 0]. The aluminium diboride is mostly unoriented. The results are discussed in the context of previous work on diamond-based compact materials.     

职业教育深化产教融合的系统基模分析

职业教育进入提质培优新阶段,以深化产教融合助推职业教育高质量发展,是落实科教兴国战略和人才强国战略的必修课.基于对产教融合生态系统的内涵和困境分析,运用系统基模解构职业院校产教融合生态的运行机制,并提出相应的管理策略,对深化职业教育产教融合具有重要指导意义.     

我国耐高温非纤维素绝缘纸的现状和发展动向

绝缘纸是一种采用造纸工艺生产并广泛应用于变压器、电容器、电机、电线电缆等电气装备中的重要绝缘材料,按其组成可分为纤维素纸和非纤维素纸两大类.随着我国电力工业的持续发展,电机等用电设备逐步向高效小型化方向发展,故对绝缘纸的各项性能尤其是耐高温性能提出了更高的要求,纤维素纸虽然历史悠久,但耐热性不高,已无法满足耐热等级F级以上电气绝缘系统的使用要求,因此耐热性更高的非纤维素纸异军突起.本文简要介绍了我国各类耐高温非纤维素绝缘纸的研发历程、性能特点、主要用途、生产现状及发展动向.     

注油泵出口压力对抽水蓄能机组推力轴承油膜特性的影响研究

为探究洪屏电站机组在抽水调相启动过程中高压注油泵出口压力降低对轴承油膜表面压力分布和承载力的影响,本文建立了1/12推力轴瓦模型.采用结构化网格和非结构化网格相结合的方式对计算域进行空间离散,基于ANSYS Fluent软件,结合N-S方程、SST k-ω湍流模型,对机组启动过程中注油泵出口压力最低点对应的转速工况进行数模计算.结论如下:进油压力变化对油膜表面压力分布规律的影响并不大,高压力区总是位于瓦面中心靠近主轴位置,呈椭圆形分布,以压力递减的趋势向外一圈一圈扩散;进油压力主要影响油膜表面的压力值大小,且随着进油压力不断增加,油膜表面最高压力几乎呈线性增加.针对注油泵因启动压力降低而频繁报警的问题,经计算,建议将注油泵低压报警值从原来的6.7MPa调整到5.5MPa.     

A Dual Physical Cross-Linking Strategy to Construct Tough Hydrogels with High Strength,Excellent Fatigue Resistance,and Stretching-Induced Strengthening Effect

Hydrogels with excellent stiffness, toughness, anti-fatigue, and self-recovery properties are regarded as promising water-containing materials. In this work, a dual physically cross-linked (DPC) sodium alginate (SA)/poly[acrylamide (AAm)-acrylic acid (AAc)-octadecyl methacrylate (OMA)]-Fe³⁺ hydrogel is reported, which is constructed by hydrophobic association (HA) and ionic coordination (IC). The optimal DPC hydrogel demonstrates excellent mechanical performance: tensile modulus of 0.65 MPa, tensile strength of 3.31 MPa, elongation at break of 1547%, and toughness of 27.8 MJ m^–3. SA/P(AAm-AAc-OMA)-Fe³⁺ DPC hydrogels also exhibit prominent anti-fatigue and self-recovery performance (99.1–109.7% modulus recovery and 90.4–108.9% dissipated energy recovery after resting for 5 min without additional stimuli at ambient temperature) through the reconstruction of reversible physical cross-linking. Some of the SA/P(AAm-AAc-OMA)-Fe³⁺ DPC hydrogels even exhibit a stretching-induced strengthening effect, which is similar to the performance of muscle—“the more training, the more strength.” Hence, the combination of HA and IC will provide an effective approach to design DPC hydrogels with desirable mechanical performances and a longer service life for wider applications of soft materials.     

纳米MOFs及其衍生物在超级电容器中的研究进展

金属有机框架（MOFs）材料因其大的比表面积、可调控的孔道结构和丰富的活性位点引起了国内外学者们的广泛关注。近年来MOFs基材料广泛应用于能量储存与转化领域,但大多数MOFs基材料的低稳定性和低导电性等缺陷限制了其实际应用。通过对MOFs基材料进行改性,如采用共轭度高的有机配体以增加MOFs材料的稳定性,或MOFs衍生物以提高其氧化还原活性位点和导电性,从而达到提高MOFs基电极材料的电化学性能。主要介绍了原始MOFs及其衍生材料如碳材料、金属氧化物、金属硫化物、金属氢氧化物和金属磷化物等在超级电容器电极材料中的最新研究进展。研究表明,多金属MOFs材料或多金属MOFs衍生物有利于提高电极材料的电化学性能,而导电MOFs材料或MOFs衍生物中的碳材料有利于提高电极材料的导电性。最后对MOFs基电极材料在电化学储能领域中的研究做出了展望,指出MOFs基材料的形貌、组分和导电性是未来研究的发展方向。     

EFFECTS OF SPECIFIED BLANK SIZE ON BODY WRINKLING DURING HYDRODYNAMIC DEEP DRAWING OF TAPERED RECTANGULAR BOX

1.~nonHydridapawhcdeepdrawing(HDD)belongstothefieldofsheetmetalfoeingandcanbeaPPliedinthefieldofautomotive,aerospace,drilitaryindustryetc.Ithasbeenrecognizedwidelyintheworld["'j.Fig.Ishowsitsprinciple:TheliqUidthatisfilledinthe~ngdiecavitywillbepressedwhenthepunchgoesdownsothattheeffectoffrictionkeepingandoverflowlubricatingcanbeformed,astherestilt,thefoeinglicitofsheetmetalwillbeimprovedareailvandthegualitVofthefinishedpartswillbeup~ed.BecauseofmanyadvantagesofHDDprocees,ithasbeenwidelys…     

正交试验法在PAN原丝纺丝工艺中的应用

利用正交设计方法确定了PAN湿法纺丝过程中影响原丝性能最主要的因素。结果表明 :以计量泵转速、凝固浴温度、负拉伸以及蒸汽拉伸倍数作为考察对象 ,影响原丝性能的最显著因素是蒸汽拉伸倍数 ,其次是负拉伸。以负拉伸、第二拉伸、第三拉伸以及蒸汽拉伸的倍数作为考察对象 ,影响原丝性能最显著的是蒸汽拉伸倍数 ,负拉伸几乎没有影响。利用正交实验结果 ,适当调节蒸汽拉伸倍数 ,制得强度为 6.5～ 7.0cN/dtex ,线密度为 1.1～ 1.3dtex的原丝