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21.
This paper presents a method for feasible decomposition applicable to large-scale, non-linear, multi-objective problems. The method, comprising a multi-level problem formulation and an interactive algorithm, has distinct advantages for dealing with real-world multi-objective optimization which is carried out by hierarchically arranged units of decision-making. The method is illustrated by its application to the optimal design of a water use and treatment process system. 相似文献
22.
Masashi Wada Satoshi Kitaoka Naoki Kawashima Tatsuya Yamada Yoshiyuki Yasutomi Masatoshi Kawai Hideki Inagaki 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2006,89(7):2134-2139
Carbon substrates were coated completely with a molten silicate glass, where the wettability of carbon to glass was improved by infiltration and pyrolysis of perhydropolysilazane. Microstructures of the carbon–glass interface were dependent on P n 2 during coating. Coating at lower P n 2 induced the formation of cristobalite at the carbon–glass interface. When the coating was performed at higher P n 2 , the glass and carbon were strongly adhered, without the formation of cristobalite. Coating at higher P n 2 improved the thermal shock resistance of the glass layer, because crack initiation was not induced by the phase transformation of cristobalite during the cooling process. In the case of coating at higher P n 2 , an oxynitride glass layer was formed at the glass subsurface by dissolution of N2 . A porous glass subsurface layer with uniform spherical micro-pores could be produced by soaking near the glass transition temperature in a steam environment. The porous layer with fine and homogeneous microstructure acts as a thermal shock absorbing layer, so that glass-coated carbon with a porous glass layer has excellent thermal shock resistance in addition to steam oxidation resistance. 相似文献
23.
Yoshitsugu Kosugi Tsutomu Kunieda Naoki Azuma 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(4):445-448
Rice bran oil containing 30–50% free fatty acid was continually converted to an oil containing more than 75% of triacylglycerol
(TG) by means of immobilized lipase. The reaction was carried out at 60°C for 24 h with dehydration and reactant mixing by
dry nitrogen flow under a positive nitrogen atmosphere. Enzymatic TG synthesis with evaporation by heating was not suitable
because of the increasing peroxide value of the oil.
Part of this article was presented at the annual meeting of the Japan Oil Chemists' Society at Sendai, Japan, October, 16,
1990. 相似文献
24.
Yoshikazu Suzuki Naoki Kondo Tatsuki Ohji Peter E. D. Morgan 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2004,1(1):76-85
Uniformly porous composites with 3-D network structure (UPC-3D) have been recently developed via a pyrolytic reactive sintering process, which takes advantage of the evolved CO2 gas from a decomposing carbonate source (e.g., dolomite, CaMg(CO3 )2 ) and does not require any additional pore-forming agent nor long-time burning-out process. Through liquid formation via LiF doping, strong necks are formed between constituent particles before completion of the pyrolysis of carbonate, resulting in the formation of a strong 3-D network structure. The pore size distribution is very narrow (with typical pore size: ∼1 μm), and the porosity was controllable (∼30–60%) by changing the sintering temperature. This article presents the development details of UPC-3D, and reports the recent findings in CaZrO3 /MgAl2 O4 system, which will be one of the more promising systems for practical applications. 相似文献
25.
Yoshiyuki Sakamoto Tomoyoshi Motohiro Shinichi Matsunaga Kohei Okumura Tomoyuki Kayama Kiyoshi Yamazaki Toshiyuki Tanaka Yoshimi Kizaki Naoki Takahashi Hirofumi Shinjoh 《Catalysis Today》2007,121(3-4):217-225
The release and reduction of NOx in a NOx storage-reduction (NSR) catalyst were studied with a transient reaction analysis in the millisecond range, which was made possible by the combination of pulsed injection of gases and time resolved time-of-flight mass spectrometry. After an O2 pulse and a subsequent NO pulse were injected into a pellet of the Pt/Ba/Al2O3 catalyst, the time profiles of several gas products, NO, N2, NH3 and H2O, were obtained as a result of the release and reduction of NOx caused by H2 injection. Comparing the time profiles in another analysis, which were obtained using a model catalyst consisting of a flat 5 nmPt/Ba(NO3)2/cordierite plate, the release and reduction of NOx on Pt/Ba/Al2O3 catalyst that stored NOx took the following two steps; in the first step NO molecules were released from Ba and in the second step the released NO was reduced into N2 by H2 pulse injection. When this H2 pulse was injected in a large amount, NO was reduced to NH3 instead of N2.
A only small amount of H2O was detected because of the strong affinity for alumina support. We can analyze the NOx regeneration process to separate two steps of the NOx release and reduction by a detailed analysis of the time profiles using a two-step reaction model. From the result of the analysis, it is found that the rate constant for NOx release increased as temperature increase. 相似文献
26.
Satoru Sano Noriko Saito Shin-ichi Matsuda Naoki Ohashi Hajime Haneda You Arita Minoru Takemoto 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2006,89(2):568-574
Forsterite (Mg2 SiO4 ) ceramics were prepared using Mg(OH)2 and SiO2 as precursors, and the effect of powder characteristics of Mg(OH)2 on calcination and sintering was investigated. The use of highly dispersed Mg(OH)2 powder (HD powder) resulted in a lower calcination temperature. Forsterite powder of high homogeneity and small particle size prepared from the HD powder enabled synthesis of high-density forsterite ceramics by ordinary sintering without applying external pressure. Moreover, transparent forsterite ceramics were successfully synthesized through addition of excess Mg to the precursors to compensate for Mg evaporated during the sintering process. Subsequent dielectric measurements revealed that the transparent forsterite ceramics had a very low dielectric loss (tan δ<10−4 ). 相似文献
27.
Kiyohiko Hattori Eri Homma Toshinori Kagawa Masayuki Otani Naoki Tatebe Yasunori Owada Lin Shan Katsuhiro Temma Kiyoshi Hamaguchi 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2016,21(4):451-459
Recently, many extensive studies have been conducted on robot control via self-positioning estimation techniques. In the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) method, which is one approach to self-positioning estimation, robots generally use both autonomous position information from internal sensors and observed information on external landmarks. SLAM can yield higher accuracy positioning estimations depending on the number of landmarks; however, this technique involves a degree of uncertainty and has a high computational cost, because it utilizes image processing to detect and recognize landmarks. To overcome this problem, we propose a state-of-the-art method called a generalized measuring-worm (GMW) algorithm for map creation and position estimation, which uses multiple cooperating robots that serve as moving landmarks for each other. This approach allows problems of uncertainty and computational cost to be overcome, because a robot must find only a simple two-dimensional marker rather than feature-point landmarks. In the GMW method, the robots are given a two-dimensional marker of known shape and size and use a front-positioned camera to determine the marker distance and direction. The robots use this information to estimate each other’s positions and to calibrate their movement. To evaluate the proposed method experimentally, we fabricated two real robots and observed their behavior in an indoor environment. The experimental results revealed that the distance measurement and control error could be reduced to less than 3 %. 相似文献
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