Strengthening of Alkali Halides by Divalent-Ion Additions

Single crystals of NaCl, NaBr, KCl, and KBr containing divalent additions of Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, and Ba²⁺ were tested mechanically. In the solution-treated condition, the yield strength, σ _v , as determined from compression testing in a 〈100〉 direction is essentially dependent on the concentration of the dopant only and is independent of the species of either the dopant or of the host material. All crystals soften on aging, with the exception of the NaCl:Ca²⁺, NaBr:Ca²⁺, and NaBr:Sr²⁺ systems. In addition, correlation was good between σ _v , and the Knoop hardness number, H , obtained by indentation with the long axis of the indenter aligned in 〈100〉. The equation is of the form σ _v = C ( H–H ₀), where C ≅ 0.21 for all four halide families and H₀ is near the hardness value of the pure halides. Furthermore, H ₀≅5×10⁻³E₁₁₁, the Young's modulus in the 〈111〉 direction. Hence σ _v ≅0.21 H –10⁻³E₁₁₁.     

ELECTROCHEMICAL DESTRUCTION OF COMPLEX CYANIDE

A batch electrochemical cell consisting of a pair of stainless steel wire-mesh electrode was used to electrochemically decompose concentrated cuprous cyanide waste solution. The concentrations of free, complex, and total cyanide were measured as a function of electrolysis time for various cell currents. The total cyanide concentration in the waste solution was reduced from 1200 ppm to less than 50 ppm with an electric power consumption on the order of 14-34 kWH per kilogram of cyanide destroyed. Copper was recovered in its metallic form at the cathode and as CuO deposit at the anode with a combined recovery rate greater than 90%. In addition, cyanide complex was found to chemically decompose at the stainless steel meshes, rendering a coulombic efficiency greater than 100% in some of the experimental runs.     

用于先进的双嵌入和栓工艺的低缺陷钨CMP高性价比浆料(英文)

介绍了用于钨双嵌入和钨栓CMP工艺的新型CMP3200TM氧化铝浆料,测试证明,这种浆料在110nm技术节点的钨CMP工艺应用中取得了理想的效果。通过对氧化铝粒子制造工艺的有效控制,获得了可满足110nm技术节点双嵌入和栓层钨CMP工艺要求的低缺陷率,高性价比的氧化铝蛐硝酸铁浆料。从而在价格竞争激烈的半导体制造领域,特别是代工市场引起了业界越来越多的关注。     

Hafnium carbide structural foams synthesized from polymer precursors

Hafnium carbide （HfC） was applied in space and aerospace due to its ultra high melting temperature, high specific strength and moderate oxidation resistance. A novel synthesizing method was used to produce low density and high strength HfC structural foams through the thermolysis and pyrolysis of Hf containing polymer precursors （mixing of hafiaium trifluoroacetylacetonate and epoxy） under vacuum atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the produced foam is primarily composed of HfC containing 9%-10% HfO2. Several polymer powder compaction methods were used to improve the mechanical properties of HfC foam. Compression strengths of 200 MPa are achieved for HfC foams with density of 1.9 g/cm^3 （total porosity about 85%）. The proposed methodology of synthesizing HfC foam has the advantages of simple, inexpensive and less production time than alternate methods.     

Moisture, Total Fat and Cholesterol in Goat Organ and Muscle Meat

Moisture, total fat and cholesterol of goat liver, kidney, heart, Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Biceps femoris (BF) muscles were determined. Samples were taken from 10 Alpine and 10 Nubian post-weaned goat kids that were fed a complete diet treated with 4 levels of Ca for 12 wk before slaughter. Mean moisture (%), total fat (%) and cholesterol (mg/100g wet tissue) for the respective tissues were: 75.9, 3.26, 214.2; 82.0, 3.14, 276.7; 79.2, 4.32,167.5; 79.2, 2.27, 57.8; 80.4, 2.03, 69.5. These goats contained less cholesterol in liver and more cholesterol in kidney and heart than the same organs in mutton samples reported previously. Fat and cholesterol were significantly (P < 0.01) influenced by dietary Ca, breed and tissue, while moisture was affected only by tissue.     

多层流态化床的研究Ⅰ 液-固系

本文研究了液-固系多层流态化床（溢流管式）中两相流动的特性,其内容包括液相的纵向混合,液体通过多孔分布板的压降,颗粒物料通过溢流管孔口的自由流落,溢流管在流化床中工作的性能及多层床的操作特性。提出了可供设计参考的关联式。     

Low-fat Bologna In A Model System With Varying Types And Levels Of Konjac Blends

A low-fat bologna model system (LFBMS) with a konjac blend (KB) level of 0.5% had higher moisture content and shear stress values (p<0.05) than a 1.0% KB. Increasing moisture:protein (M:P) ratios from 5.0 to 6.0 had the greatest effect on chemical and physical parameters. Three konjac types (KSS, KHC and KNC) had varying effects on these parameters. Allo-Kramer shear, texture profile analysis (TPA) and torsion tests indicated that LFBMS with a 0.5% konjac level and a M:P ratio of 6.0 or a 1.0% konjac level and M:P ratios of 5.5 or 6.0 yielded similar products to the control (30% fat).     

Accumulation of Some Flavor Compounds in Full- and Reduced-fat Cheddar Cheese Under Different Ripening Conditions

Reduced-fat cheese showed higher levels of ethanol and lower acetoin than full-fat samples throughout ripening regardless of conditions. Total headspace volatiles, as well as butanoic and hexanoic acids, increased with ripening time and temperature. Full- and reduced-fat cheeses developed distinctly different headspace volatile profiles throughout ripening. The effects of ripening conditions were more notable in full-fat samples. Ripening reduced-fat Cheddar cheese at an elevated temperature for a limited time may enhance development of some desirable volatiles such as butanoic acid.     

基于移动社交网络的空间资源利用分析系统*

提出并设计了一个办公环境下室内空间资源利用分析系统。该系统以基于位置的移动社交网络获取用户的位置数据,并以此产生用户活动热度分布图。以热度图形式展示一段时间内各空间处的人员密度高低,进而反映室内空间资源的利用情况。通过对会议室的实际利用情况与对应热度图比较,结果的一致性证明了该方案和系统的有效性及可靠性。