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981.
982.
983.
984.
JF Favarel-Garrigues F Sztark ME Petitjean M Thico?pé P Lassié P Dabadie 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,82(2):312-316
Protective immunity against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is imparted by T cells rather than antibodies, but B cells can play a role as antigen-presenting cells and in granuloma formation. We re-evaluated the role of B cells in the course of tuberculous infection in mu-chain knock-out (Ig-) mice. Surprisingly, the organs of M. tuberculosis-infected Ig- mice were found to have three- to eight-fold elevated counts of viable bacilli compared with normal littermates at 3-6 weeks post-infection. Splenic interferon-gamma responses to whole antigen were unimpaired, whilst proliferation to certain mycobacterial peptides was found to be diminished. However, bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination significantly reduced the infection in Ig- mice. The mechanisms by which B cells can influence primary tuberculous infection need further study. 相似文献
985.
M Camilleri 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,25(2):361-378
Gastrointestinal symptoms are often encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus. Symptoms may arise in any region of the alimentary tract; common symptoms are heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, fecal incontinence, and abdominal pain. This article reviews practical approaches to the identification of the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in diabetic enteropathies and their complications and briefly outlines strategies to treat these symptoms. Particular emphasis is placed on applied physiologic tests and the choice of pharmacotherapy (e.g., cisapride, erythromycin, or octeotide). The current role of pancreatic transplantations also is briefly reviewed. 相似文献
986.
Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is a new surgical procedure used to enhance staging in men with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. The procedure has been performed in a limited number of patients at several centers with extensive laparoscopic experience. Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy is a technically demanding procedure which can be successfully completed in the majority of patients. However, the risk of complications is greater than in patients who undergo standard open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. The primary advantage of a laparoscopic approach is shortened hospitalization and rapid return to normal activity. The role of laparoscopy in the management of patients with testis malignancy has not been defined. The use of this staging procedure may help minimize the need for surveillance studies following surgery and may be best utilized in men with a lower likelihood of nodal metastases. Ultimately, prospective study in large groups of patients will be necessary to determine the role of laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in patients with testis cancer. 相似文献
987.
Manku T. McGregor J.M. Nathan A. Roulston D.J. Noel J.-P. Houghton D.C. 《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》1993,40(11):1990-1996
Results of the drift hole mobility in strained and unstrained SiGe alloys are reported for Ge fractions varying from 0 to 30% and doping levels of 1015-1019 cm-3. The mobilities are calculated taking into account acoustic, optical, alloy, and ionized-impurity scattering. The mobilities are then compared with experimental results for a boron doping concentration of 2×1019 cm-3. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical values is obtained. The results show an increase in the mobility relative to that of silicon 相似文献
988.
Kringlebotn J.T. Morkel P.R. Reekie L. Archambault J.-L. Payne D.N. 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》1993,5(10):1162-1164
We report a 7.6-mW single-frequency fiber laser operating at 1545 nm, using for the first time an Er3+:Yb3+ doped fiber and a fiber grating output coupler. The laser did not exhibit self-pulsation, which is a typical problem in short three-level fiber lasers, and had a relative intensity noise (RIN) level below -145.5 dB/Hz at frequencies above 10 MHz. The linewidth of the laser was limited by the relaxation oscillation sidebands in the optical spectrum and was typically less than 1 MHz 相似文献
989.
A new equation is derived for the rotational oscillations of a deep massive foundation flexibly restrained in the ground.
An error in the corresponding equation published in the literature is indicated.
Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 6, pp. 7–8, November–December, 1996. 相似文献
990.
The impact of crosstalk in an arrayed-waveguide N×N wavelength multiplexer is investigated precisely in relation to its application to wavelength-routing N×N all optical networks. In such systems multiple crosstalk light which has the same wavelength as the signal results in signal-crosstalk beat noise. We confirm that the noise is Gaussian and obtain the relation between crosstalk and power penalty. It is shown that the crosstalk must be less than -38 dB for a 16×16 system to keep the power penalty below 1 dB at a bit error rate of 10-9 相似文献