Hierarchical analysis and multi-scale modelling of rat cortical and trabecular bone

The aim of this study was to explore the hierarchical arrangement of structural properties in cortical and trabecular bone and to determine a mathematical model that accurately predicts the tissue''s mechanical properties as a function of these indices. By using a variety of analytical techniques, we were able to characterize the structural and compositional properties of cortical and trabecular bones, as well as to determine the suitable mathematical model to predict the tissue''s mechanical properties using a continuum micromechanics approach. Our hierarchical analysis demonstrated that the differences between cortical and trabecular bone reside mainly at the micro- and ultrastructural levels. By gaining a better appreciation of the similarities and differences between the two bone types, we would be able to provide a better assessment and understanding of their individual roles, as well as their contribution to bone health overall.     

Using 3D-scanners and finite element method to assess the fatigue life of welded joints based on the actual geometry of seam welds: realistic modelling of notches at the weld toe

To predict the service life of welded joints, the seam welds of samples (cross joint, K-seam, sheet thickness 15 mm and a laser-welded butt joint, sheet thickness 6 mm, both made of steel quality S 355) are recorded using a 3D scanner. The data obtained in this way is processed and transferred to a finite element method program. The meshing of the weld seams is very detailed. A finite-element-method stress calculation is then carried out. The real samples are tested in a fatigue test up to the point of cracking. The results from calculation and test are then compared. A possible crack location can be predicted very well using the finite element method results. The cracks in the real test are always in the area of very high or often the absolute highest calculated stresses. A prediction of the service life in the fatigue test is possible with a certain scatter – close to the usual scatter for welded joints. Based on the results of 19 samples, a fatigue class for local stress (based on the real geometry) of FAT 300 can be preliminary estimated for the cross-joint specimens. Definition according to the specifications of the International Institute of Welding (FAT at 2 mio. cycles, survival probability 97.7 %).     

Untersuchungen zur Vergleichbarkeit der statischen und dynamischen Überdruckprüfung von druckfesten Kapselungen

Forschung im Ingenieurwesen - Der Einsatz von elektrischen Geräten in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen erfordert besondere Schutzmaßnahmen, um eine Zündung der...