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111.
Hidefumi Takeshita Toshimasa Kurasawa Susumu Muraoka Shoichi Nasu Masanobu Miyake Tadao Sano 《Journal of Nuclear Materials》1979,80(2):249-252
The reaction of sintered lithium oxide (Li2O) pellets with molybdenum and molybdenum-base alloy TZM has been studied in the temperature range 800–1100 °C for a constant reaction period of 100 h under a dynamic vacuum. The reaction proceeded measurably at about 950°C and appreciably above 1000°C. Metallographic and X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that a reaction product scale was formed at the interface and the scale consisted mainly of Li4MoO5. TZM showed slightly higher reactivity compared to molybdenum. 相似文献
112.
Sakai-Kato K Kato M Homma H Toyo'oka T Utsunomiya-Tate N 《Analytical chemistry》2005,77(21):7080-7083
The rapid metabolism testing of many new chemical entities enables unsuitable candidates to be eliminated from consideration at an early stage of the drug discovery process. We have developed a P450 array toward high-throughput analysis of P450-mediated metabolic reaction. The microsomes containing expressed human P450 enzymes were immobilized on the microassay plate using sol-gel chemistry. A thin-film hydrogel containing microsomes was fabricated using aqueous silicate as a starting material. The TEM image clearly showed that the nanoclusters derived from the silicate formed branched chains, and microsomes were entrapped in the silica network. The different P450 isozymes were immobilized on the microassay plate, and the metabolites by each isozyme were visualized as fluorescent images, which creates opportunity for the inhibitor assays. This method offers several advantages over use of conventional enzyme preparations, including increased storage stability, ease of product isolation from the incubation mixture, and the ability to recover and reuse the enzyme. Because this methodology enabled the development of assay system using P450 that is unstable and involves other enzymes for its function, it can be applicable to various screening assays that require complicated reactions involving many biological components. 相似文献
113.
Kato M Sakai-Kato K Jin H Kubota K Miyano H Toyo'oka T Dulay MT Zare RN 《Analytical chemistry》2004,76(7):1896-1902
A miniaturized pepsin reactor was prepared inside a fused-silica capillary (i.d. 75 microm) by coating a pepsin-containing gel on a photopolymerized porous silica monolith. The pepsin-encapsulated film was prepared by a sol-gel method. The sol-gel reaction was optimized so that the sol solution containing pepsin forms a thin film on the photopolymerized sol-gel (PSG) monolith that was initially fabricated at the inlet of the capillary. Pepsin was encapsulated into the gel matrix without losing its activity. The large surface area of the PSG monolith enabled the immobilized pepsin to achieve a high catalytic turnover rate, and the porous nature of the PSG promotes penetration of large molecular proteins into the column. The immobilized pepsin-digested peptides and proteins, and the resulting mixture of peptide fragments, could be directly separated in the portion of the capillary where no PSG monolith exists. The durability and repeatability of the fabricated pepsin-coated column was tested and found to be satisfactory. An acidic solution consisting of 0.5 M formic acid was used as the running buffer, because it suppresses the adsorption of proteins or peptides on the inner surface of the capillary as well as enables direct connection of the output of the capillary electrophoresis column to a mass spectrometer. The on-line digestion of insulin chain beta and lysozyme provides identification of the proteolytic peptides. Recovery was achieved for 100% of the insulin chain beta amino acid sequence and 73% of the lysozyme amino acid sequence. 相似文献
114.
Plastic microchips are very promising analytical devices because they are less fragile and are suitable for mass production. However, due to their hydrophobicity, the surface strongly interacts with nonpolar analytes or species containing hydrophobic domains, resulting in significant uncontrolled adsorption on channel walls. This paper describes the poly(methyl methacrylate) surface treatment by dynamic coating additives that considerably decreases adsorption of analytes to channel walls. Among the additives studied, quaternary ammonium starch derivatives suppressed the adsorption of fluorescently labeled amino acids and peptides most effectively. The effect was valid over the wide pH range from 2.5 to 8.0. Using a 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) with 3% (w/v) quaternary ammonium starch as the running buffer, Asp and Glu, respectively, migrated at 54.6 and 57.6 s with efficiencies of 380 000 and 370 000 plates/m. In addition, this cationic starch derivative was found to possess good solubility and low viscosity. 相似文献
115.
A protein, Tetrahymena p85, is localized to the presumptive division plane before the formation of the contractile ring. p85 directly interacts with Tetrahymena calmodulin (CaM) in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, and p85 and CaM colocalize in the division furrow. A Ca(2+)/CaM inhibitor N-(6-Aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide HCl (W7) inhibits the direct interaction between p85 and Ca(2+)/CaM. W7 also inhibits the localization of p85 and CaM to the division plane, and the formation of the contractile ring and division furrow. Tetrahymena fimbrin and elongation factor-1a (EF-1alpha), which induce bundling of Tetrahymena F-actin, are also localized to the division furrow during cytokinesis. The Tetrahymena fimbrin has two actin-binding domains, but lacks the EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding motif, suggesting that Tetrahymena fimbrin probably cross-links actin filaments in a Ca(2+)- insensitive manner during cytokinesis. The evidence also indicates that Ca(2+)/CaM inhibits the F-actin-bundling activity of EF-1alpha; and EF-1alpha and CaM colocalize in the division furrow. In this review, we propose that the Ca(2+)/CaM signal and its target protein p85 cooperatively regulate the determination of the division plane, and that a Ca(2+)-insensitive actin-bundling protein, Tetrahymena fimbrin, and a Ca(2+)/CaM-sensitive actin-bundling protein, EF-1alpha, play pivotal roles in regulating the organization of the contractile ring microfilaments. 相似文献
116.
Harashima Fumio Naitoh Haruo Haneyoshi Toshimasa 《Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on》1979,(1):36-47
Dynamic characteristics of self-controlled synchronous motors are analyzed on the basis of the state-space method and Runge-Kutta-Gill method. As the results of this analysis, the effects of dc chokes, damper windings, and saliency of the motor on these characteristics are quantitatively clarified. Transfer function models of this type of motors are also proposed. 相似文献
117.
Zi-Jiang Yang Toshimasa Nagai Shunshoku Kanae Kiyoshi Wada 《International journal of systems science》2013,44(9):709-724
This article considers the adaptive robust control of a class of single-input-single-output nonlinear systems in semi-strict feedback form using radial basis function (RBF) networks. It is well known that the standard backstepping design may suffer from “explosion of terms”. To overcome this problem, the recently developed dynamic surface control technique which employs a first-order low-pass filter at each step of the backstepping design procedure is generalized to the nonlinear system under study. Our attention is paid to achieve guaranteed transient performance of the adaptive controller. At each step of design, a feedback controller strengthened by nonlinear damping terms to counteract nonlinear uncertainties is designed to guarantee input-to-state practical stability of the corresponding subsystem, and then parameter adaptations are introduced to reduce the ultimate error bound. Furthermore, for the output trajectory tracking problem, it is recommended to adopt the partial adaptation policy to reduce the computational burden due to “curse of dimension” of the RBF networks. Finally, numerical examples are included to verify the results of theoretical analysis. 相似文献
118.
A conceptual flow regime diagram for a circulating fluidized bed riser is proposed, combining existing investigations with experimental data obtained under idealized conditions in which a fully independent control of gas velocity and solid circulation rate was conducted by use of a screw feeder for solid feed into the riser. The diagram classifies the flow state into five regimes by qualitative transition lines which describe the relationship between gas velocity and solid circulation rate. These regimes are particulate fluidization, bubbling fluidization, turbulent fluidization, dense-phase transport and dilute-phase transport. The diagram suggests that S-shaped bed-density distribution or dense/dilute region interface appears only at limited conditions in the bubbling and turbulent fluidization regimes. These experimental findings were generalized by further experiments in a conventional circulation system with a ball valve between the riser and the downcomer which permits changes in the solid circulation rate and the bed height in the downcomer. The experimental results showed that the bed height in the downcomer has no particular effect on the bed density distribution or the height of the dense/dilute region interface, but an appreciable effect on the lowest gas velocity to maintain steady solid circulation at a given rate. These results are consistent with the above diagram. 相似文献
119.
120.
Eight fluorescence reagents, i.e., DBD-F, NBD-F, DNS-Cl, NDA, PSC, FITC, Fmoc-Cl, and DMEQ-COCl, which are reactive to an amino functional group, were tested for the labeling of asparaginyl-oligosaccharides in a glycoprotein. Although the optimal reaction conditions and the fluorescence maximal wavelengths were different for each reagent, the highly sensitive fluorescence detection at the femtomole level of Disialo-Asn (a representative asparaginyl-oligosaccharide) was obtained from the labeling utilizing these reagents. Among them, PSC was the most reliable reagent in terms of detection sensitivity (approximately 3 fmol, signal-to-noise ratio of 5 (S/N = 5) on the chromatogram). However, the structural information could not be obtained from the fluorescence detection. Thus, the on-line determination of a real sample was carried out by UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. The detection limit of the PSC-labeled Disialo-Asn by selected-ion chromatography was 58 fmol (S/N = 5). When the proposed procedure was applied to the determination of oligosaccharides in ovalbumin, 15 species of PSC-labeled oligosaccharides possessing Man, GlcNAc, and Gal units were identified from the UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. The number of identified oligosaccharides was relatively greater than the method using Fmoc-Cl. Based on the ovalbumin results, the proposed labeling with PSC followed by UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS detection seems to be useful for the on-line asparaginyl-oligosaccharide analysis. 相似文献