微型多级降压收集极的电、热及动力学优化设计

介绍一种对行波管中使用的微型多级降压收集极进行电、热及动力学优化设计的系统方法,同时期望这样一种方法能够移植到行波管其他部分的设计优化中。优化所得的收集极在全频带上的仿真效率达到79.5%以上,其散热能力满足环境要求,热裕量充分,并且结构强度远超环境需要。     

低相位噪声CMOS环形压控振荡器的研究与设计

针对个人电脑和通讯系统对频率合成器中振荡器的低相位噪声的要求,对基本的环形振荡器结构进行改进,设计了两种宽带低相位噪声CMOS环形压控振荡器(VCO),在800 MHz振荡频率、1 MHz频偏下,测试的相位噪声分别为-123 dBc/Hz和-110 dBc/Hz.两个VCO的调谐范围分别为450～1 017 MHz和559～935 MHz.     

基于TMS320VC5509A的低功耗人机接口模块设计

介绍了基于高速低功耗DSP芯片TMS320VC5509A的人机接口模块的设计方法.结合SED1335液晶显示控制器的特点,给出了DSP与慢速液晶显示模块接口的硬件电路,分析了DSP控制液晶显示的软件编程.对TMS320VC5509A低功耗控制的关键问题进行了讨论,详细分析了DSP、SDRAM、LCD模块等的低功耗实现.该设计方案取得了良好的低功耗效果,对于便携式仪表及手持设备的开发具有借鉴意义.     

Final optics damage online inspection in high power laser facility

For the laser-induced damage (LID) in large-aperture final optics, we present a novel approach of damage online inspection and its experimental system, which solves two problems:classification of true and false LID and size measurement of the LID. We first analyze the imaging principle of the experimental system for the true and false damage sites, then use kernel-based extreme learning machine (K-ELM) to distinguish them, and finally propose hierarchical kernel extreme learning machine (HK-ELM) to predict the damage size. The experimental results show that the classification accuracy is higher than 95%, the mean relative error of the predicted LID size is within 10%. So the proposed method meets the technical requirements for the damage online inspection.     

Thermodynamically Controlled Self‐Assembly of Hierarchically Staggered Architecture as an Osteoinductive Alternative to Bone Autografts

Osteoinductive synthetic biomaterials for replacing autografts can be developed by mimicking bone hierarchy and surface topography for host cell recruitment and differentiation. Until now, it has been challenging to reproduce a bone‐like staggered hierarchical structure since the energy change underlying synthetic pathways in vitro is essentially different from that of the natural process in vivo. Herein, a bone‐like hierarchically staggered architecture is reproduced under thermodynamic control involving two steps: fabrication of a high‐energy polyacrylic acid‐calcium intermediate and selective mineralization in collagenous gap regions driven by an energetically downhill process. The intermediate energy interval could easily be adjusted to determine different mineralization modes, with distinct morphologies and biofunctions. Similar to bone autografts, the staggered architecture offers a bone‐specific microenvironment for stem cell recruitment and multidifferentiation in vitro, and induces neo‐bone formation with bone marrow blood vessels by host stem cell homing in vivo. This work provides a novel perspective for an in vitro simulating biological mineralization process and proof of concept for the clinical application of smart biomaterials.     

Constructing Conductive Interfaces between Nickel Oxide Nanocrystals and Polymer Carbon Nitride for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Combining transition metal oxide catalysts with conductive carbonaceous material is a feasible way to improve the conductivity. However, the electrocatalytic performance is usually not distinctly improved because the interfacial resistance between metal oxides and carbon is still large and thereby hinders the charge transport in catalysis. Herein, the conductive interface between poorly conductive NiO nanoparticles and semi‐conductive carbon nitride (CN) is constructed. The NiO/CN exhibits much‐enhanced oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance than corresponding NiO and CN in electrolytes of KOH solution and phosphate buffer saline, which is also remarkably superior over NiO/C, commercial RuO₂, and mostly reported NiO‐based catalysts. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectrum reveal that a metallic Ni–N bond is formed between NiO and CN. Density functional theory calculations suggest that NiO and CN linked by a Ni–N bond possess a low Gibbs energy for OER intermediate adsorptions, which not only improves the transfer of charge but also promotes the transmission of mass in OER. The metal–nitrogen bonded conductive and highly active interface pervasively exists between CN and other transition metal oxides including Co₃O₄, CuO, and Fe₂O₃, making it promising as an inexpensive catalyst for efficient water splitting.     

稳健的基于参数化协方差矩阵估计的空时自适应处理方法

参数化协方差矩阵估计（Parametric Covariance Matrix Estimation,PCE）方法利用雷达系统参数估计杂波协方差矩阵（Clutter Covariance Matrix,CCM）,显著提升非均匀环境下空时自适应处理（Space-Time Adaptive Processing,STAP）的性能;但是在系统参数和杂波分布存在误差情况下,性能下降严重.本文提出一种稳健的基于PCE方法的STAP杂波抑制方法.首先利用稀疏恢复方法与Radon变换估计杂波分布,然后提出一种归一化广义内积统计量修正杂波的分布,最后利用PCE方法估计CCM并进行STAP杂波抑制.通过分析舰载高频地波雷达仿真和实测数据处理结果表明：所提方法的稳健性大幅提升,相比稀疏恢复STAP方法和前后向空时平滑STAP方法滤波器凹口更加准确且更深,在有效抑制杂波的同时更利于慢速目标的检测.     

一种升压式PFM DC-DC转换器的设计

讨论了一种PFM升压式DC－DC电压转称器的设计，重点对其关键的基准电压产生，振荡控制信号产生及比较器设计进行了分析，并采用3μmCOMOS工艺完成芯片的设计。     

水稻花后衰退珠心和胚乳发育初期Ca2+的超微细胞化学定位

应用焦锑酸盐沉淀技术对水稻花后衰退珠心和胚乳发育初期进行了Ca^2 的超微细胞化学定位。结果显示在初始衰退的珠心细胞中Ca^2 主要分布于液泡膜上和核内；在衰退中期的珠心细胞中，Ca^ 主要分布在核膜、液泡膜及质膜上；在严重衰退的珠心细胞，Ca^2 仅存在于液泡中。珠心降解的Ca^2 跨过胚囊壁，通过质外体向胚乳内运输；发育初期的胚乳细胞，Ca^2 主要位于胞间隙，线粒体和液泡中也有少量分布。讨论了Ca^2 与珠心PCD的关系。     

基于IP 模块的片上系统设计

传统IC设计方法关注的是如何创建一个全新的设计并进行有效的验证。复杂的IP模块，嵌入式软件，不断增长的晶体管数量，这些都变成了传统方法日益沉重的负担，在片上系统SOC（system-on-chip)设计中，基于IP模块的功能组装正在逐渐代替传统的功能设计而成为主流的设计方法，本文介绍基于IP模块的片上系统的设计和验证。