有机双层薄膜器件界面限制传导温度特性研究

通过对器件的温度特性的研究,能够使器件在合适的温度下保持稳定的工作状态.本文以Miller-Abrahams跳跃传导理论为基础,建立了有机-有机界面限制电流传导的电荷传输的解析模型.依据此模型分析了结构为"注入电极/有机层Ⅰ/有机层Ⅱ/收集电极"的双层薄膜器件在有机界面限制电流传导状态下的电流、电场和载流子分布与工作温度的变化关系.结果表明,在给定的工作电压下,温度升高时降落在层Ⅰ的电压升高,电场增强,而降落在层Ⅱ的电压降低,电场减弱,同时器件的电流增大.     

基于0.5μm CMOS工艺的高压器件

近年来,驱动类、音响类、接口类电路产品系列是CMOS集成电路发展的一个重要方向,这些电路中特有的高低压兼容结构是其重要的特点.相应地高低压兼容CMOS工艺技术应用也越来越广泛.本文研究了与常规CMOS工艺兼容的高压器件的结构与特性,在结构设计和工艺上做了大量的分析和实验,利用n-well和n管场注作漂移区,在没有增加任何工艺步骤的情况下,成功地将高压nMOS,pMOS器件嵌入在商用3.3/5V 0.5μm n-well CMOS工艺中.测试结果表明,高压大电流的nMOS管BVdssn达到23～25V,P管击穿BVdssp>19V.     

基于JRobin的网络性能监控管理

网络性能监控管理是整个计算机网络管理中的一个重要环节,RRDtool作为一种强大的数据存储工具,已在网络性能监控系统中得到广泛应用。针对基于Java开发的网管系统,以纯Java实现的JRobin是RRDtool最好的替代方案,文章在引入JRobin的基础之上,实现了一个基于JRobin的网络性能监控管理系统,并对系统功能做了详细描述。     

Ultrasmall Water‐Soluble and Biocompatible Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Positive and Negative Dual Contrast Agents

Monodispersed water‐soluble and biocompatible ultrasmall magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (UMIONs, D = 3.3 ± 0.5 nm) generated from a high‐temperature coprecipitation route are successfully used as efficient positive and negative dual contrast agents of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Their longitudinal relaxivity at 4.7 T (r₁ = 8.3 mM^?1 s^?1) is larger than that of clinically used T₁‐positive agent Gd‐DTPA (r₁ = 4.8 mM^?1 s^?1), and three times that of commercial contrast agent SHU‐555C (r₁ = 2.9 mM^?1 s^?1). The transversal relaxivity (r₂ = 35.1 mM^?1 s^?1) is six times that of Gd‐DTPA (r₂ = 5.3 mM^?1 s^?1), half of SHU‐555C (r₂ = 69 mM^?1 s^?1). The in vivo results show that the liver signal from T₁‐weighted MRI is positively enhanced 26%, and then negatively decreased 20% after injection of the iron oxide nanoparticles, which is stronger than those obtained from Gd‐DTPA (<10%) using the same dosage. The kidney signal is positively enhanced up to 35%, similar to that obtained from Gd‐DTPA. Under T₂‐weighted conditions, the liver signal is negatively enhanced ?70%, which is significantly higher than that from Gd‐DTPA (?6%). These results demonstrate the great potential of the UMIONs in dual contrast agents, especially as an alternative to Gd‐based positive contrast agents, which have risks of inducing side effects in patients.     

Multifunctional Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Cancer‐Targeted and Controlled Drug Delivery

Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles are developed in order to deliver anticancer drugs to specific cancer cells in a targeted and controlled manner. The nanoparticle surface is functionalized with amino‐β‐cyclodextrin rings bridged by cleavable disulfide bonds, blocking drugs inside the mesopores of the nanoparticles. Poly(ethylene glycol) polymers, functionalized with an adamantane unit at one end and a folate unit at the other end, are immobilized onto the nanoparticle surface through strong β‐cyclodextrin/adamantane complexation. The non‐cytotoxic nanoparticles containing the folate targeting units are efficiently trapped by folate‐receptor‐rich HeLa cancer cells through receptormmediated endocytosis, while folate‐receptor‐poor human embryonic kidney 293 normal cells show much lower endocytosis towards nanoparticles under the same conditions. The nanoparticles endocytosed by the cancer cells can release loaded doxorubicin into the cells triggered by acidic endosomal pH. After the nanoparticles escape from the endosome and enter into the cytoplasm of cancer cells, the high concentration of glutathione in the cytoplasm can lead to the removal of the β‐cyclodextrin capping rings by cleaving the pre‐installed disulfide bonds, further promoting the release of doxorubicin from the drug carriers. The high drug‐delivery efficacy of the multifunctional nanoparticles is attributed to the co‐operative effects of folate‐mediated targeting and stimuli‐triggered drug release. The present delivery system capable of delivering drugs in a targeted and controlled manner provides a novel platform for the next generation of therapeutics.     

Hole transfer from PbS nanocrystal quantum dots to polymers and efficient hybrid solar cells utilizing infrared photons

Polymer/inorganic-nanocrystals bulk heterojunction solar cells, where inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals such as CdSe, CdS, CdTe, ZnO, TiO₂, and silicon, replace the fullerene molecules as the electron acceptors, typically exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) below 3% even after tremendous engineering efforts to optimize the nanocrystal size, shape, and nanoscale morphology. One promising feature of polymer hybrid solar cells is the ability to sensitize conjugated polymers, which on their own absorb only in the visible part of solar spectrum, into the infrared spectral range using infrared-active lead salt nanocrystal quantum dots (NQDs). Here we observed for the first time hole transfer from PbS NQDs to polymers as evidenced by the quenching of the PbS photoluminescence (PL), a sign of the presence of charge separating type II heterojunction. The type II band-offset at the NQD/polymer heterojunction enables efficient hole extraction from NQDs and leads to a record PCE of 3.80%, realized in a planar junction configuration under simulated air mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5G) irradiation of 100 mW/cm². The photocurrent has an extended spectral range spanning from the ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared (IR). Contributions from the polymer and PbS to the photocurrent were identified. Infrared photons (>700 nm) contribute about 30% of the photocurrent and yield a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20% at 1050 nm.     

光纤测厚中光谱"双峰"现象的分析

在用反射干涉频谱法(Rifs)测量薄膜厚度的过程中,薄膜的反射光谱经常见到"双峰"现象,即相邻的波峰(或波谷)连在一起,区别于通常按吸收曲线有规律分布的光谱.对该现象进行了深入研究,结果表明:该现象和被测试处薄膜厚度不均匀有关,当厚度差异较大时,入射光在薄膜的不同厚度点发生反射,各点的反射干涉光谱叠加就会产生"双峰"的结果.对基本厚度为2 000 nm的聚苯乙烯薄膜的仿真结果表明:膜厚差异超过1/10,开始出现双峰.研究还表明,"双峰"现象并不影响厚度计算的准确度.     

自适应双极性红外舰船目标分割算法

红外舰船目标分割是红外海面场景中舰船目标自动识别的关键技术之一,通过阈值方法分割舰船因具有诸多优点而被广泛应用.已有阈值算法假设己知舰船和目标的能量强度关系(一般假设舰船亮度高于背景),但实际中波红外探测器所采集的图像易受环境影响,导致成像后舰船目标呈现双极性,使得已有的阈值方法难以自适应的分割舰船目标.为解决双极性舰船目标的自适应分割问题,该文提出一种新的最大化2维熵分割算法.算法首先利用图像的多尺度局部方差-熵变化量和梯度方向方差两个指标构建2维直方图,然后使用粒子群优化算法寻找最大化2维熵的最优阈值来对图像进行粗分割,随后在粗分割的基础上进行迭代精分割获得准确的目标分割结果.实验结果表明,该文算法能够在舰船目标呈现双极性的情况下均获得较好的分割结果.     

全反射式红外变焦光学系统设计

针对透射式红外变焦光学系统结构复杂,无热化设计较难等问题,提出全反射式红外变焦光学系统设计。讨论了该光学系统的变焦理论,对反射变焦系统初始结构进行了高斯解分析,给出了其初始结构的计算方法。设计了一离轴三反射镜红外变焦系统,系统焦距为300～600 mm,F数为2.1,工作波段为8～12μm,采用某型非制冷长波红外探测器,截止频率为14 lp/mm,系统变焦过程近似线性连续,像面稳定,像质良好。     

基于自适应阈值选择的非参量GS 检测算法

现代雷达系统中,杂波统计特性往往无法预先确定,此时针对性较强的参量检测方法的恒虚警能力就会下降,因此非参量方法已成为一个重要的研究方向。为此,该文提出一种基于自适应阈值选择的非参量GS 检测算法(VI-GS),该检测算法结合了GS 检测算法、TGS 检测算法和GO-GS 检测算法的优点。基于仿真高斯杂波和实测雷达数据对该VI-GS 检测算法在非均匀海杂波背景下的检测性能进行分析,结果表明,在均匀杂波和非均匀杂波背景下,该算法都具有很好的鲁棒性。