气球载雷达探测低空目标的能力分析

针对气球载雷达的应用现状,对比分析了气球载雷达与其他预警探测装备在低空目标探测中的应用特点,从作战使用角度,对气球载雷达探测低空目标的能力进行了分析．     

PHEVs对配电网故障影响研究

电力工作者对插入式混合动力汽车（PHEVs）进行了大量的研究与讨论,但关于PHEVs对配电网故障的影响却鲜见报道.简要介绍目前PHEVs的研究现状和PHEVs车载电池特性;并以配电网馈线故障电流有效值作为研究对象,研究PHEVs充电对配电网故障的影响,Matlab仿真结果表明：PHEVs的接入不仅影响馈线电流有效值,同时还影响故障电流增长率.     

银川市近49a来降雨变化特征分析

根据银川市4个气象站(银川站、永宁站、贺兰站、灵武站)近49 a(1960—2008年)的实测降雨资料,运用统计学理论、回归分析、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、克里金插值等方法进行研究,依据有关统计量的计算结果,分析了银川市近49 a来降雨量的时空变化特征.研究结果表明:银川市年内降雨量分配不均,夏季降雨量最大,占全年降雨量的56.83%~58.32%,冬季最小,仅占全年降雨量的1.93%~2.07%;年际以及年代际降雨量变化大,多年平均降雨量为186.7 mm,且以20世纪60年代降雨量最大,90年代降雨量最小.经Mann-Kendall非参数检验和一元线性回归分析,发现银川市降雨量呈现逐年减小的趋势,Mann-Kendall非参数检验趋势系数β为-0.18 mm/a,线性回归倾向率为-5.386 mm/(10 a).银川市降雨量还存在空间分布不均的特点,灵武市降雨量最大,减小的趋势最小;贺兰县降雨量最小,减小的趋势最大.     

Catalysis of Active Carbon Supporting Transition Metal Oxides for Pyrotechnical Reagent with Potassium Perchlorate

In order to improve the pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate,composite catalyst of active carbon supporting transition metal oxides (TMO),Fe2O3 and CuO,were prepared and added into pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate.Accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) was used to study the catalysis of pyrotechnical reagent which is consisted of potassium perchlorate and composite catalyst.Composite catalyst of both Fe2O3 and CuO supported by active carbon can catalyze pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate.Furthermore,it can lower the apparent activation energy and accelerate the reaction with a smaller quantity than that with Fe2O3 and CuO.The maximal reaction rate of pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate mixed with Fe2O3/active carbon and CuO/active carbon is 8.31 min-1 and 9.13 min-1,which is 1.74 times and 1.91 times of pyrotechnical reagent mixed with no catalyst;time to maximal rate was 18.99 min and 1.96 min respectively,which is lower than pyrotechnical reagent mixed with no catalyst by 86.46% and 98.67% ;the apparent activation energy is 368.10 kJ·mol-1 and 325.29 kJ·mol-1,which is lower than pyrotechnical reagent mixed with no catalyst by 31.89% and 39.81% respectively.     

鄱阳湖流域生态系统管理框架

鄱阳湖流域内水环境污染、水土流失、土地退化、自然灾害、矿区生态环境破坏等重大生态环境问题,不仅影响长江中下游的生态环境,同时制约流域内社会经济的发展。因此,亟须实行鄱阳湖流域生态系统管理,更好地协调流域内河流上下游、河湖以及行政区域之间的环境保护与社会经济发展关系。在对鄱阳湖流域特征分析和综合管理回顾的基础上,探讨鄱阳湖流域生态系统管理框架,分析鄱阳湖流域生态系统管理的尺度和范围、生态系统服务可持续利用、适应性管理等问题,提出鄱阳湖流域生态系统管理目标,为鄱阳湖生态经济区建设以及流域开发与保护提供理论依据和指导。     

膜用功能单体5-氯磺酰异酞酰氯(CSIC)的合成研究

5-氯磺酰异酞酰氯是合成聚酰胺类反渗透膜、纳滤膜的重要功能单体.采用以3,5-二羧基苯磺酸钠为原料,五氯化磷为氯化剂,制备5-氯磺酰异酞酰氯(CSIC),最佳收率可达71.4%.通过对反应温度、反应时间和反应底物配比等影响因素的研究发现:常压下反应温度应控制在170～180℃;反应时间12.5 h后,结束反应;反应底物配比n(五氯化磷)∶n(3,5-二羧基苯磺酸钠)1∶1,则收率很低.随着n(五氯化磷)∶n(3,5-二羧基苯磺酸钠)增大,收率增高,当n(五氯化磷)∶n(3,5-二羧基苯磺酸钠)2.5∶1后,其增大对产品收率影响不大.     

结构钢缺口板断裂试验及数值分析

通过对25个结构钢缺口板进行的单向拉伸断裂试验,验证了提出的结构钢广义屈服模型和椭球面断裂准则.用ANSYS软件中的参数化设计语言APDL和用户编程功能UPFs,将提出的静水应力型广义屈服模型编制成子程序模块,对结构钢缺口板断裂试验进行了基于广义屈服模型和椭球面断裂准则的数值模拟分析.试验结果表明:裂纹起始于缺口边缘内侧,裂纹在厚度方向贯通后沿宽度发展,试件最终断裂于缺口薄弱断面.缺口板断裂应力场分析表明,提出的椭球面断裂准则对预测结构钢缺口板初始开裂具有广泛适用性和较高精度.     

电磁领域中复超越方程的遗传算法求解方法

将遗传算法与参数跟踪策略有效结合,跟踪过程中进行搜索域压缩与位移操作,形成了一种功能强大的新算法,可成功应用于电磁领域中各种各样复超越方程的高精度求解问题.在算法实现过程中,使用参数跟踪策略有效地缩小了搜索区域,保证了解的单一性,提高了运算速度;使用动态搜索域提高了解的精度;应用三阶差商公式预估新的搜索中心,使运算速度得以进一步提高.应用本文发展的算法详细求解了终端短路法测量材料的复介电常数时得到的复超越方程和部分填充矩形波导的特征方程,计算结果表明该算法能够轻松地解决复超越方程中的多值问题,解集完备性好,算法鲁棒性强.     

Speech-stream detection in short-wave channel based on empirical mode decomposition and higher-order statistics

To capture the presence of speech embedded in nonspeech events and background noise in short-wave non-cooperative communication,an algorithm for speech-stream detection in noisy environments is presented based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and statistical properties of higher-order cumulants of speech signals.With the EMD,the noise signals can be decomposed into different numbers of IMFs.Then,the fourth-order cumulant (FOC) can be used to extract the desired feature of statistical properties for IMF components.Since the higher-order cumulants are blind for Gaussian signals,the proposed method is especially effective regarding the problem of speech-stream detection,where the speech signal is distorted by Gaussian noise.With the self-adaptive decomposition by EMD,the proposed method can also work well for non-Gaussian noise.The experiments show that the proposed algorithm can suppress different noise types with different SNRs,and the algorithm is robust in real signal tests.     

Combining ODM and OCL in ontology verification

In order to automatically find and conveniently rectify the structural conflicts appearing in a new ontology model version after a series of ontology evolution,we propose an ontology model verification approach,in which the object constraint language (OCL) and an ontology definition meta-model (ODM) are used to complete the ontology verification.The ODM is composed of the ontology related elements and the definition rule related elements.The OCL is employed to describe the elements in the ontology definition meta-model:OCL extension for the ontology related elements,and OCL extension for the ontological design patterns.All of the above OCL rules will describe the constraint relationships between ontology elements.Associated with an example,the application of the ontology model verification approach based on OCL and ODM is introduced.Consequently,the conflicts happened in the ontology changing and evolution can be easily verified and rectified through this approach.