Humidity sensing properties of La~(3+)/Ce~(3+)-doped TiO_2-20 wt.% SnO_2 thin films derived from sol-gel method

The humidity sensing properties of La3+/Ce3+-doped TiO2-20 wt.%SnO2 thin films were studied.Sol-gel method was employed to prepare the films on alumina substrates.By constructing a humidity-impedance measuring system,the sensing behaviors were inspected for the films sintered at different temperatures.Experimental results showed that,0.5 wt.% of La2O3 or Ce2O3 doped films sintered at 500 °C for 2 h had the best humidity sensing properties,the impedance decreasing from 109 ? to below 104 ? in the humidity range of 15-95 RH%.Moreover,Ce3+-doping had better humidity sensing properties than La3+-doping.The doping mechanism was discussed in terms of phase composition,granularity of crystalline and segregation of rare earth ions at grain boundaries.     

La3+掺杂对堇青石陶瓷的相组成和性能的影响

为了获得堇青石含量高且具有一定孔隙率的堇青石质耐火材料,用X射线衍射仪,差热分析仪等手段研究了由溶胶-凝胶法（Mg盐、Al盐和正硅酸乙酯按堇青石化学计量比配制）制备堇青石陶瓷时,添加La^3＋对堇青石陶瓷相组成和性能的影响,分析了La^3＋在烧结过程中的作用机理。试验表明,随着烧结温度的提高,La^3＋含量的增加,该陶瓷的致密度、弯曲强度逐渐提高,而气孔率逐渐下降。适量添加La^3＋（质量分数为4％～6％）,显著降低中间相（尖晶石、方石英等）的含量。La^3＋的作用主要是作为烧结助剂,降低烧结温度,提高致密度。     

21世纪新型环保材料——壳聚糖的开发利用价值分析

斗转星移,人类已迈进了充满希望与激情的21世纪。在这世纪之初,高新技术产业对世界经济已产生巨大影响。壳聚糖作为一种天然高分子聚合物,是地球上除蛋白质外数量最大的含氮的天然有机物。由于无毒、无害,在食品工业、环境保护、功能材料、医疗卫生、农业、化妆品、轻纺工业的应用具有广泛的前景。它是一种高附加值的精细化学品。广泛开发利用壳聚糖及其衍生物可以为现代化工企业创造直接、可观的经济效益和长久的社会效益。     

大口径厚壁管挤压力理论公式推导、计算机模拟与验证

应用新的力学模型(镦粗式力学模型)推导出大口径厚壁管垂直挤压的挤压力理论计算公式,并与其它力学模型下导出的公式相比较.该公式能够反映挤压力与挤压高度之间的函数关系,而其它公式则不能.同时,还对该公式进行了计算机模拟,模拟表明:利用镦粗式力学模型推导出的公式与模拟结果基本一致,也与生产实际相符.该力学模型更符合大口径厚壁...     

轻-重稀土混合添加对Al-Si-Mg合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜/能谱仪和力学性能测试仪研究了轻-重稀土(La、Ce、Gd、Ho、Er)混合添加对Al-6.9Si-0.36Mg合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当稀土总添加量为0.1%时,铸态合金中α-Al晶粒细化效果明显,当稀土总添加量为0.4%时,对共晶Si相的改善效果明显,共晶Si相由粗大针状转变为颗粒状。经T6热处理后,共晶Si相进一步转变为细小颗粒状并均匀分布于基体中,降低了对基体的割裂作用。稀土总添加量为0.4%时,T6热处理态合金的力学性能最佳,抗拉强度、断后伸长率和硬度分别达到285.4 MPa、7.0%和89.2 HBW。     

Surface nanocrystallization of 7A52 aluminum alloy welded joint

As a means of surface modification process, metal surface nanocrystallization (MSN) has attracted widespread attention and enjoyed a great prospect. However, currently little research is carried out regarding MSN of welded joint. The processes of high energy shot peening (HESP) technology and ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) were carried out to achieve joint surface nanocrystallization.The grain size of before and after the welded joint surface nanocrystallization were comparatively analyzed with X-ray diffractometer, the surface deformation layer thickness of before and after the welded joint surface nanocrystallization were comparatively analyzed with optical microscopy, the surface hardness of before and after the welded joint surface nanocrystallization were comparatively analyzed with micro hardness machine. The results show that both of the processes can achieve welded joint surface nanocrystallization and the weld after HESP have smaller grain size, larger deformation layer thickness and higher hardness values than those after UIT. However, HESP is restrained by the shapes and sizes of welding materials, so the UIT process is preferred to use in the general engineering practical applications.     

钛酸亚铁材料的研究现状

钛酸亚铁是典型钛铁矿钛酸盐,其自身属性预示着钛酸亚铁具有丰富的物理化学性能。总结了目前钛酸亚铁的制备方法、改性方法以及性能的研究现状,并分析了目前研究中存在的不足,如改性手段较少,作为锂离子电池负极材料在高倍率下容量衰减严重。未来可以通过改变制备工艺或者离子掺杂等手段调控钛酸亚铁的微观结构,进而提升其物理化学性能,为今后钛酸亚铁的性能研究和应用提供一定参考。     

预处理气氛对铁离子掺杂的氧化钛纳米管微结构和光催化活性的影响

本文通过在空气和还原性气氛中煅烧铁离子掺杂的锐铁矿纳米粉体,并且采用水热合成法制备了具有锐铁矿结构的纳米管,研究了它们的微结构和物理化学行为。研究发现,与在空气中煅烧相比,还原性气氛下煅烧引入了低价态Fe₂₊和Ti₃₊离子以及更多的表面吸附氧,纳米管的比表面积、亚甲基蓝吸附能力以及光吸收阈值得到显著提高。1 mol% Fe 掺杂以及还原处理产生了最高的吸附和光催化活性及其降解持久性,过多掺杂反而降低了光催化性能。此外,水热合成引起纳米管的含铁量下降。     

纳米氧化铝颗粒增强TDE-85型环氧树脂的固化动力学和力学性能研究

用超声分散法和程序温度固化制备了纳米氧化铝颗粒增强TDE-85型环氧树脂复合材料,研究了添加纳米氧化铝颗粒对环氧树脂固化动力学和力学性能的影响.根据示差扫描量热法(DSC)曲线,由Kissinger方法和Ozawa方法计算了固化体系固化反应的活化能,用Kissinger公式计算了Arrhenius指前因子,并用Crane方法计算了固化体系的反应级数.研究结果表明,添加纳米氧化铝颗粒增加了体系固化反应的活化能,但对反应级数和Arrhenius指前因子的影响较小;当纳米氧化铝添加量为1wt%(环氧树脂的质量分数)时,复合树脂的拉伸强度提高19%;伸长率提高34.5%.