Oregano: properties, composition and biological activity

The oregano spice includes various plant species. The most common are the genus Origanum, native of Europe, and the Lippia, native of Mexico. Among the species of Origanum. their most important components are the limonene, gamma-cariofilene, rho-cymenene, canfor, linalol, alpha-pinene, carvacrol and thymol. In the genus Lippia, the same compounds can be found. The oregano composition depends on the specie, climate, altitude, time of recollection and the stage of growth. Some of the properties of this plant's extracts are being currently studied due to the growing interest for substituting synthetic additives commonly found in foods. Oregano has a good antioxidant capacity and also presents antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms like Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, among others. These are all characteristics of interest for the food industry because they may enhance the safety and stability of foods. There are also some reports regarding the antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effect of oregano; representing an alternative for the potential treatment and/or prevention of certain chronic ailments, like cancer.     

髋关节整体替代陶瓷材料

许多材料在医学领域应用广泛,例如,整体替换硬组织或软组织的元件(如骨盆、骨头、关节、植牙等)、修补、诊断或矫正仪器(如起搏器、心脏阀等)。这些材料不仅要有好的力学性能,还要保持长期稳定,不能与人体相排斥。由于陶瓷材料在生理环境中具有强度高、生物相容性强和稳定性好的优点,人们研究用陶瓷材料替换骨骼。从20 世纪70 年代起,欧洲人用陶瓷组件置换整个髋关节。这些组件主要由氧化铝和氧化锆单体制成。然而,在有水环境中,氧化锆会发生低温降解。目前人们的研究重点在于提高陶瓷组件的强度和耐磨性,同时缩小其尺寸并延长其使用寿命。研究中使用的材料是氧化锆增韧的氧化铝复合陶瓷和其它氧化铝复合陶瓷,不再是单体陶瓷。另外,还可以使用氧化铝和氧化锆功能梯度复合材料。该梯度材料可以利用电泳沉积法(EPD)制得,其表面为纯氧化铝,中心部分为均匀的氧化铝、氧化锆复合材料,中间过渡部分是呈连续梯度渐变的氧化铝、氧化锆复合材料,烧成后会产生剩余热应力。设计这样的梯度结构是为了使复合材料具有最大表面压应力和最小内部张应力,与纯氧化铝组件相比,提高了强度和耐磨性。     

中文文本情感分析研究综述

对中文文本情感分析的研究进行了综述。将情感分类划分为信息抽取和情感识别两类任务,并分别介绍了各自的研究进展;总结了情感分析的应用现状,最后提出了存在的问题及不足。     

利用领域本体概念关系的混合信息检索方法*

利用领域本体概念关系实现语义检索,当没有可用的本体知识时,按传统关键词匹配完成检索.这种基于领域本体的混合信息检索模型融合关键词检索和语义检索的优势,弥补各自的不足,以改善检索性能.将其应用于计算机网络领域,将基于领域本体的混合信息检索模型与传统的关键词检索模型进行对比实验,结果表明混合模型的平均查准率得到了提高,验证...     

三维工业CT图像裂纹面检测*

利用工业CT扫描工件可得到包含工件内部裂纹的三维CT图像,而将裂纹面从CT图像中提取出来是对裂纹属性进行分析的关键,对确保工件可靠性具有重要的意义。针对直接3D C-V模型提取裂纹面速度慢的特点,研究了三维小波与C-V模型相结合的图像分割方法,提高裂纹图像分割速度。实验结果表明,与直接3D C-V模型相比,该方法可将三维C-V模型提取裂纹的速度提高大约1.5倍,为后续裂纹分析打下基础。     

Dietary evaluation of pregnant adolescents during first, second and third trimester

In order to identify risk of inadequate intake of calories and nutrients during pregnancy, 75 pregnant adolescents (14 to 18 years old) apparently healthy, from low socioeconomic level, in their first prenatal control (12 weeks) were studied by two 24 hour recalls and a food frequency questionnaire at each trimester. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (pregestation weight/height) and classified according to American Medicine Institute reference. Paired t-test, frequency distribution and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Low weight was found in 34.6% of adolescent at the first visit and 5.3% were overweight. Even though, caloric intake was below recommendation, significant increases were observed between first and second trimester for energy, carbohydrates, niacin and zinc (p < 0.001) and for fat, proteins, riboflavin, thiamin, vitamin C, calcium and iron (p < 0.05). From second to third trimester, differences (p < 0.05) were significant only for vitamin A. Between first and third trimester, differences were significant (p < 0.05) for energy, proteins, carbohydrates, niacin, riboflavin, zinc and for thiamin, vitamin A and calcium (p < 0.05). A high proportion of pregnant adolescent did not reach recommendations for energy, folate, calcium and zinc. Food intake pattern did not change significantly among trimesters. Mean total weight gain was 9.2 kg and 0.412 +/- 0.4 g/week. Newborn's mean weight was 3.221 +/- 418 grams. It is concluded that adolescents are at high nutritional risk and deficiency of dietary intake should be followed. Attention should be addressed from the preconceptional period to postpartum in order to improve maternal and fetal conditions.     

情感计算与工程理性*

通过对情感与理性的相容性分析以及情感在集成、适应、动力和交互等方面的功能研究,指出情感是人类解决现实复杂问题的有效机制。在情感功能与工程需求的适配性分析的基础上指出,围绕情感所展开的情感计算在复杂工程问题的求解上潜力巨大,具备有效性和一定的必要性。提出了情感计算在工程领域研究的本源性、相关性和可操作性策略,指出情感计算的工程实现需要对研究的切入点、情感发生机制、情感效应机制、平台选择等关键环节予以关注,并给出了相关建议。     

基于Tsallis熵差的遥感图像边缘检测方法

基于Tsallis熵差和百分位形态变换,提出了一种改进的遥感图像边缘检测方法。该方法通过构造基于百分位形态变换的边缘检测算子和选择不同方向结构元素进行变换来增加图像的边缘信息,并且该方法在百分位形态变换的基础上还改进了百分位变换的评价准则。它利用图像Tsallis熵差来选择边缘检测算子的百位变换值,将选择Tsallis熵差最大的百分位变换作为变换结果。实验结果表明,与传统的基于数学形态学的边缘检测方法相比,该方法可以最大程度上抑制噪声,有效地提高图像的边缘检测效果。     

负载平衡路由：一种新的ACO路由策略*

通过改进ACO算法达到一种能实现通信网络负载平衡的群体智能路由策略。采用的主要方法为：将蚁群划分为若干个子群,不同子群的蚂蚁释放不同类型的信息素。通过不同类型信息素之间的相互制约作用,以及链路负载的测量,提出了三种策略实现负载平衡路由。在模拟网络上进行了不同策略的对比实验,以及与已有的群体智能路由算法的运行测试比较。实验结果表明,本文的路由策略具有较好的效果和一定的优势。     

基于TreeMiner算法的XML文档结构相似度量方法*

提出了一种基于TreeMiner算法挖掘频繁子树的文档结构相似度量方法,解决了传统的距离编辑法计算代价高而路径匹配法无法处理重复标签的问题。该方法架构了一个新的检索模型—频繁结构向量模型,给出了文档的结构向量表示和权重函数,构造了XML文档结构相似度量计算公式;同时从数据结构和挖掘程序上对TreeMiner 算法进行了改进,使其更适合大文档数据集的结构挖掘。实验结果表明,该方法具有很高的计算精度和准确率。