Fluor SOx净化工艺--为俄罗斯绿色环境开发的将SO2转化为元素硫的经济技术

Fluor公司开发的Fluor SO_2净化工艺具有广泛多样的工艺布局,可以通过经济的方式定制脱除烟气中的有害组成。该工艺几乎能去除全部SO_2并减少CO排放。Fluor SO_x净化工艺的主要步骤已在多套工业装置中得到成功的证实。除技术可行、经济合理之外,Fluor SO_x净化工艺不会产生任何有害副产物,也不会遇到与SO_3 有关的腐蚀问题。此外,该工艺生产高纯度可市售的元素硫。论述了Fluor SO_x净化工艺的特征、技术和成本优势、设计和操作的简易性以及实施的便利性。     

用总压法测定等温汽液平衡数据

一、前言 本研究沿用了Mentzer等(1982)的静态平衡釜装置,对氧化丙烯-醋酸乙酯、氧化丙烯-叔丁醇、氧化丙烯-1,2二氯丙烷、二氯甲烷-乙醇、叔丁基甲醚-正已烷和叔丁基甲醚-苯等六对二元体系的相平衡,     

农药蒸气压的测定

引言测定农药蒸气压和研究有关挥发性质的原因,概括起来主要有以下几点:(1)通过测量农药的蒸气压,可以计算出农药在使用地点的损失量,以便采取一些控制挥发的措施,如将农药掺入到土壤中使用或改变其剂型;(2)可以确定农药长期挥发到大气中的剂量;(3)能够计算出农药在生产制造环境中的蒸气浓度,以便预测农药毒性危害程度;(4)能估计一个农药可否产生满足药效的蒸气相浓度。目前,管理部门要求,当化合物作为农药使用而注册登记时,需要提供其蒸气压数据,并且介绍测量这些性质的标准方法。     

近代湿法磷酸工艺技术概况

湿法磷酸的生产从1870年以后就已经工业化了,这种酸主要是用作肥料生产的中间产品。目前大部分开工的湿法磷酸厂都是二水物法,因为二水物法设计和操作都比较简单。其他工业上使用的方法还有半水物法,半水二水物联合法,或者无水物法。所有湿法磷酸工艺操作的基本方法大致都一样,即磷酸盐岩用硫酸酸化,生成的硫酸钙以及其他不溶性杂质通过过滤和磷酸分离。各种不同类型的工艺方法在本文中作了比较。最近的研究与进展主要集中在二水物法,半水物法或半水二水物联合法以及酸的     

硫黄促进剂体系用非迁移性助活性剂低聚物

本文报道的研究目的是开发迟效性促进剂硫黄硫化体系用助活性剂。这种添加剂可以提高交联键的形成速率而很少改变或者根本不改变混炼胶或其硫化胶的抗焦烧性性能或其他性能。本研究的另一目的是要设计一种具有慢效作用的硫化体系助活性剂。它不会从橡胶贴合制品(如轮胎)的一个部分迁移或者扩散到相邻的部分中去。本研究的初期阶段曾致力于评价一系列用作乳聚丁苯橡胶(SBR)硫化助活性剂的高分子量乙烯基吡啶二烯烃乳液共聚物。这些共聚物在室温下绝大部分是橡胶态的,它们都很容易分散于丁苯橡胶混炼胶中。使用乙烯基吡啶共聚物得到的初步结果是令人鼓舞的。     

在软聚氯乙烯配方中抑制烟尘和火焰

在电线和护层的聚氯乙烯配方中,含有专用锑混合物的阻燃剂其发生的烟尘比单独使用三氧化二锑产生的烟尘量低。锌镁络合物作为一个焦碳的形成剂优于周期表上过渡期的金属氧化物。 近几年来,乙烯基产品的生产者和消费者已经日益重视产品在燃烧时不但要获得低燃烧性,而且要能减少烟尘粒子。由于火灾死亡的主要原因是烟尘和有毒气体,因此在有火的场所,烟雾产生量的测量已经引起严重关注。目前,已有15种以上不同的试验方法,每个方法都有它本身的一系列加热条     

Effects of experimental endogenous hyperlipemia on circulating leukocytes and erythrocytes

Effects of hyperlipemia on circulating leukocytes and erythrocytes were studied in dogs which were given repeated, intravenous injections of a nonionic detergent, Triton WR-1339. Erythrocyte lipid concentrations increased from 3.6±0.9 mg/10¹⁰ cells in control animals to 9.3±1.5 mg in the hyperlipemic group. This increase was accompanied by a shift in the distribution of total fatty acids toward a higher percentage of saturated and monounsaturated acids. In contrast to the changes observed in erythrocytes, the leukocyte lipid content remained unaltered in dogs with serum cholesterol levels ranging from 500 to more than 2,000 mg/100 ml. Leukocyte counts rose whereas hematocrit values, hemoglobin concentrations, and erythrocyte counts decreased. Oxygen utilization studies showed no significant metabolic differences between leukocytes which were isolated from hyperlipemic or control animals. Circulating leukocytes in dogs with an endogenously induced hyperlipemia were shown therefore to maintain normal lipid concentrations and did not participate in lipophage formation, as reported for certain diet-induced lipemias.     

Chemical and Physical Signals Mediating Conspecific and Heterospecific Aggregation Behavior of First Instar Stink Bugs

We investigated cues that mediate the aggregation behavior of immature pentatomid bugs by using nymphs of six different pentatomid bug species (Nezara viridula, Acrosternum hilare, Chlorochroa ligata, Chlorochroa sayi, Thyanta pallidovirens, and Euschistus conspersus). When first instars of any two species were put together in a Petri dish, they readily formed heterospecific aggregations similar to their natural conspecific aggregations. The chemical profiles of first and second instar nymphs of each species were determined by solvent extraction with pentane, followed by GC-MS analysis. Immature bugs of the different species had some compounds in common, and some that were more species specific. Within a species, there were distinct differences in the profiles of compounds extracted from first and second instars. Bugs did not aggregate around untreated polysulfone beads (1 mm diam) that were glued together in groups approximating bug egg masses, suggesting that tactile cues alone were insufficient to induce aggregation. Furthermore, when tested over a range of doses, groups of polysulfone beads treated with crude whole-body extracts of bugs did not induce or maintain aggregations. However, first instar N. viridula nymphs did respond to beads treated with two of the three major components of bug extracts. 4-Oxo-(E)-2-decenal induced significant aggregations at two doses, whereas tridecane, the major component in extracts from all six species, did not, and (E)-2-decenal was repellent. The repellence of (E)-2-decenal may explain why we and previous researchers were unable to induce aggregations of first instar N. viridula using whole-body extracts.     

Influence of maize kernel hardness on flour hydration and cooking properties

Knowledge of the association between cooking properties and endosperm hardness may help nutritionist and processors to select raw materials for preparing maize based food products, particularly those eaten as cooked dispersions. Seven commercial maize cultivars differing in hardness were selected to evaluate endosperm hardness on the kernels and some characteristics such as composition and hydration and cooking properties on the grits obtained from those maizes. Results show that the differences in endosperm hardness (directly related to grits protein content) can explain the differences in swelling and amylographic consistencies values. Cultivars with the hardest endosperm show the lowest values at high temperature. They also show the lowest amylographic consistencies. On the other hand softer endosperms present the highest swelling power and the highest amylographic consistencies. These differences are attributed to the restriction for starch swelling caused by the protein matrix. Endosperm hardness measurements and swelling power at 95 degrees C, can be useful to select cultivars that are going to be used to prepare maize based foods like atoles, polenta, etc.     

18世纪晚期市民阶级在德国文化中的自我塑造:《奢侈与时尚期刊》研究

本文通过研究<奢侈与时尚期刊>来分析18世纪德国市民阶级的自我塑造.它宣扬奢侈品消费加速了经济与社会的发展,也为文化进步和国家民族富裕提供了动力.它主要关注私生活里的文化与社会自身的构建,并帮助市民阶级进行自我塑造且与其他阶级进行区分.它还阐述了时尚与奢侈品消费的重要性与必要性,并驳斥了神学与道学将时尚视为虚荣及道德缺陷的偏见.它认为作为文化差异的一部分,服装特色的区分成为一种衡量人民与国家成熟与否的标尺.时尚发挥了视觉艺术的功能,甚至于也是一种行为艺术.此外,时尚还与身体复杂地联系在一起,两者缺一不可.