Freshly harvested apricots, plums, and peaches in crates containing 5–20kg were hydrocooled in flowing water at 1°C and 50mms-1. The cooling parameters: lag factor, cooling coefficient, and time to half-cool, determined from the exponential decline in the dimensionless ratio of temperature differences between fruit centre and coolant temperature at time t and at zero time, varied somewhat with crate load. Increasing the load from 5 to 20kg increased the time to half-cool apricots by 17% and plums and peaches by 39%. 相似文献
Bilateral traumatic dislocation of the hip is a rare injury. In fact, only about 50 cases have been reported previously. We report a case of traumatic bilateral posterior hip dislocation with bilateral sciatic nerve damage suffered in a traffic accident by a 65-year-old woman. 相似文献
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has been proposed as a new radio access technique for cellular networks as an alternative to OMA (Orthogonal Multiple Access) in which the users of a group (pairs or triples of users in a group are considered in this paper) are allowed to use the wireless channel simultaneously. In this paper, for downlink single-input single-output SISO-NOMA, a heuristic power allocation algorithm within a group is first proposed which attempts to ensure that the users of a group benefit from simultaneous transmission equally in terms of achievable throughput. Moreover, a user group scheduling algorithm is proposed for downlink NOMA systems by which a user group is to be dynamically selected for transmission while satisfying long term temporal fairness among the individual contending users. The effectiveness of the proposed power allocation method along with the temporal fair scheduling algorithm for downlink NOMA is validated with simulations and the performance impact of the transmit power and the coverage radius of the base station as well as the number of users are thoroughly studied.
Parameters which affect the electrosynthesis of 4,4-dinitroazobenzene from p-nitroaniline on platinum and PbO2 electrodes were investigated and optimum conditions were determined. Maximum conversion efficiency for electrosynthesis was 95% with a pure -PbO2 electrode. It was found that the electrocatalytic activity of a PbO2 electrode depends upon its / ratio and its degree of crystallinity. The effects of the added base and water on the conversion efficiency were also elucidated. 相似文献
In this investigation, firstly, Taguchi method was applied to determine the optimum specific energy consumption (SEC) for dye removal from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes. An orthogonal array (OA16) experimental design that allows to investigate the simultaneous variations of five parameters (Initial dye concentration, Initial pH of the solution, Supporting electrolyte concentration, Supporting electrolyte type and Current density) having four levels was employed to evaluate the effects of experimental parameters with two replicates. According to Taguchi-neural method, while the optimum conditions that dye removal efficiency equals to 62.71 % were found to be initial dye concentration 600 mg/L, initial pH of the solution 6, supporting electrolyte concentration 7.0 mM, supporting electrolyte type NaCl, and current density 0.10 mA/cm2. Under these optimum conditions, energy consumption is 0.38 kW h/m3. Alternatively, it can be said that optimum conditions can be modified as follows supporting electrolyte concentration of 10.0 mM and supporting electrolyte type CaCl2, for 600 mg/L, initial dye concentration initial pH of the solution 6, and current density 0.10 mA/cm2. Under these optimum conditions, SEC and dye removal efficiency are 0.45 kW h/m3 and 69.18 %, respectively. 相似文献
Angiogenesis is a critical cellular process toward establishing a functional circulatory system capable of delivering oxygen and nutrients to the tissue in demand. In vitro angiogenesis assays represent an important tool for elucidating the biology of blood vessel formation and for drug discovery applications. Herein, we developed a novel, high content 2D angiogenesis assay that captures endothelial morphogenesis’s cellular processes, including lumen formation. In this assay, endothelial cells form luminized vascular-like structures in 48 h. The assay was validated for its specificity and performance. Using the optimized assay, we conducted a phenotypic screen of a library containing 150 FDA-approved cardiovascular drugs to identify modulators of lumen formation. The screening resulted in several L-type calcium channel blockers being able to expand the lumen space compared to controls. Among these blockers, Lacidipine was selected for follow-up studies. We found that the endothelial cells treated with Lacidipine showed enhanced activity of caspase-3 in the luminal space. Pharmacological inhibition of caspase activity abolished the Lacidipine-enhancing effect on lumen formation, suggesting the involvement of apoptosis. Using a Ca2+ biosensor, we found that Lacipidine reduces the intracellular Ca2+ oscillations amplitude in the endothelial cells at the early stage, whereas Lacidipine blocks these Ca2+ oscillations completely at the late stage. The inhibition of MLCK exhibits a phenotype of lumen expansion similar to that of Lacidipine. In conclusion, this study describes a novel high-throughput phenotypic assay to study angiogenesis. Our findings suggest that calcium signalling plays an essential role during lumen morphogenesis. L-type Ca2+ channel blockers could be used for more efficient angiogenesis-mediated therapies. 相似文献
This article presents a new approach based on multilayered perceptron neural networks (MLPNNs) to calculate the odd-and even-mode characteristic impedances and effective permittivities of the broadside-coupled V-shaped microshield coplanar waveguides (BC-VSMCPWs). Six learning algorithms, bayesian regulation (BR), Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), quasi-Newton (QN), scaled conjugate gradient (SCG), resilient propagation (RP), and conjugate gradient of Fletcher-Powell (CGF), are used to train the MLPNNs. The neural results are in very good agreement with the results reported elsewhere. When the performances of neural models are compared with each other, the best and worst results are obtained from the MLPNNs trained by the BR and CGF algorithms, respectively. 相似文献