Vacuum electronics

This paper explores the recent history and diversity of this remarkable technology, with emphasis on recent advances in the more traditional device types (traveling-wave tube and klystron), as well as more recent innovations such as the microwave power module, inductive output amplifier, fast-wave devices, ultrahigh-power sources, and RF vacuum microelectronics. These advances can be credited to a combination of device innovation, enhanced understanding gained through improved modeling and design, the introduction of superior materials and sub-assembly components and the development of advanced vacuum processing and manufacturing techniques     

The genetic point of view: antecedents and transformations

It seems educationally advantageous to focus renewed attention on the different sets of propositions encompassed within the genetic point of view. Those assumptions fall into two major classes: antecedents and transformations. Custom and usefulness seems to have brought these two together in the present classification of metapsychology. This re-emphasis of the differences between them appears warranted to further assert their distinctions and enhance the applicability of both.     

Dredd, a novel effector of the apoptosis activators reaper, grim, and hid in Drosophila

Caspases are widely conserved proteases considered to be essential effectors of apoptosis. We identified a novel Drosophila gene, dredd, which shares extensive homology to all members of the caspase gene family. Cells specified for programmed death in development exhibit a striking accumulation of dredd RNA that requires signaling by the death activators REAPER, GRIM, and HID. Furthermore, directed misexpression of each activator was sufficient to drive ectopic accumulation of dredd RNA. Heterozygosity at the dredd locus suppressed apoptosis in transgenic models of reaper- and grim-induced cell killing, demonstrating that levels of dredd product can modulate signaling triggered by these death activators. Finally, expression of REAPER, GRIM, and HID was found to trigger processing of DREDD protein precursor through a mechanism that is insensitive to, and upstream of, known caspase inhibitors. Taken together, these observations establish mechanistic connections between activators of apoptosis and a new downstream death effector in Drosophila.     

Comparison of the MMPI and the Mini-Mult with alcoholics.

Used both standard profiles and Mini-Mult grids to score the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) results of male inpatient alcoholics. Data on the number of instances in which the Mini-Mult accurately predicted the validity, high points, and elevated scales of its paired MMPI profile are presented. Results suggest caution in using the Mini-Mult in a given setting without local cross-validation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Bovine vaginal circulation: changes during estrous cycle.

Vaginal thermal conductance was measured in 12 heifers and 7 cows with a gradient layer heat flow probe. Values rose for 4 to 5 days prior to day of behavioral estrus (day 0), with a peak on days --2 and --1, and then declined from day 0 to +5. Curves for heifers were higher than those for cows although there was no evidence that they were not parallel. Changes during the cycle appear to result from estrogen-induced alterations in blood flow rate in vaginal tissues.     

Coupling losses in hollow waveguide laser resonators

Hollow waveguide gas lasers of the type described by Smith have some inherent loss in coupling radiation from the guide into free space and back into the guide. This paper calculates that loss for the EH11lowest order waveguide mode as a function of mirror position and mirror radius. It is shown that some mirror positions and radii are optimum, in that they provide low coupling loss and are relatively insensitive to mirror position.     

Effects of alcohol on sexual arousal in male alcoholics.

During successive daily sessions, each of 8 29–44 yr old chronic male alcoholics received, in counterbalanced order, doses of beverage alcohol (.08, .4, .8, and 1.2 g/kg) prior to viewing nonerotic and erotic films. Measures of penile tumescence obtained by means of a penile plethysmograph showed a significant negative linear effect of increasing alcohol doses during the heterosexual and homosexual films. Ss' expectations about the effect of alcohol on sexual arousal and behavior were discrepant with these physiological findings. Consistently, Ss reported that alcohol would have no effect on their sexual arousal or would increase it. Results are discussed with reference to other studies, and it is concluded that penile tumescence is a convenient, reliable, and discriminating measure of male sexual arousal. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Direct demodulation of a 10.6µm FM signal with an NH2D stark cell

A new technique for direct demodulation of a 10.6-μm FM signal using a Stark absorption cell is described. A Stark tunable absorption line in NH2D is used to track the time-varying frequency of the incoming FM laser signal using a closed servo loop. The demodulated FM signal is proportional to the feedback voltage applied to the Stark cell. Demodulation at frequencies up to 5 kHz has been demonstrated, the rate being limited only by the bandwidth of the available servo electronics.