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151.
152.
Feature-based classifiers for design optimization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present a design optimization method for systems with high-dimensional parameter spaces using inductive decision trees.
The essential idea is to map designs into a relatively low-dimensional feature space, and to derive a classifier to search
for high-performing design alternatives within this space. Unlike learning classifier systems that were pioneered by Holland
and Goldberg, classifiers defined by inductive decision trees were not originally developed for design optimization. In this
paper, we explore modifications to such classifiers to make them more effective in the optimization problem. We expand the
notions of feature space, generalize the tree construction heuristic beyond the original information-theoretic definitions,
increase the reliance on domain expertise, and facilitate the transfer of design knowledge between related systems. There
is a relatively small but rapidly growing body of work in the use of inductive trees for engineering design; the method presented
herein is complementary to this research effort. 相似文献
153.
Sebastián Bruque-Cámara Alfonso Vargas-Sánchez M. Jesús Hernández-Ortiz 《欧洲信息系统杂志》2004,13(2):133-146
The aim of this paper is to propose new organizational factors that might explain the differences in the extent and the speed of IT adoption. With this in mind, we carried out an analysis of 16 cases in the pharmaceutical distribution sector in Spain. The results indicate that there are certain intangible assets that favour the introduction and development of IT. Among these are a frank and fluid communication between departments and members of the organization, low levels of conflict, the explicit support of top management towards IT adoption and learning and creative skills of IT-staff. In addition to these factors, we found others that we propose as catalysts of IT adoption. Among these we might mention the special relationship between the member-clients and the company in the case of cooperative firms. 相似文献
154.
155.
156.
The Bi2O31bM2O5 films (M=V, Nb and Ta) were prepared by a rapid quenching technique using a twin-roller type equipment. Quenched film of pure Bi2O3 partially precipitated a tetragonal phase which differs from well-known β-Bi2O3 in structure. In every (Bi2O3)0.975 (M2O5)0.025 composition (2.5% M2O5), the tetragonal phase was obtained as single phase, and the tetragonality became greater than that of the pure Bi2O3. Beyond this composition, the tetragonality decreased to form δ-phase with a fcc structure with increasing the M2O5 content. The lowest V2O5 content forming a δ-phase was 5%, while a slight tetragonality still remained in the samples containing 10% Nb2O5 and 10% Ta2O5, respectively. From the measurement of the photoconductivities of the quenched films, it was proved that a photoconduction appeared in the tetragonal phase while no photoconductivity was observed in the cubic phase. The characteristic of the photoconduction was that a remarkable decrease in the resistivity was observed when a light of ca. 500 nm in wave length was irradiated on the films. 相似文献
157.
In this paper, we propose an approach that combines the unsupervised and supervised learning techniques for unconstrained
handwritten numeral recognition. This approach uses the Kohonen self-organizing neural network for data classification in
the first stage and the learning vector quantization (LVQ) model in the second stage to improve classification accuracy. The
combined architecture performs better than the Kohonen self-organizing map alone. In the proposed approach, the collection
of centroids at different phases of training plays a vital role in the performance of the recognition system. Four experiments
have been conducted and experimental results show that the collection of centroids in the middle of the training gives high
performance in terms of speed and accuracy. The systems developed also resolve the confusion between handwritten numerals. 相似文献
158.
Development of nano indium tin oxide (ITO) grains by alkaline hydrolysis of In(III) and Sn(IV) salts
Indium tin oxide (ITO) nano powders of different compositions (In: Sn = 90: 10, 70: 30 and 50: 50) were prepared by heat treatment
(300-450°C) of mixed hydroxides of In(III) and Sn(IV). The hydroxides were obtained by the reaction of aq. NH3 with mixed aq. solutions of In(NO3)3 and SnCl4. FTIR and TG/DTA studies revealed that powders existed as In(OH)3H2O—SnO3H2H2O in the solid state and then they transformed to In2O3—SnO2 via some metastable intermediates after 300°C. Cubic phase of In2O3 was identified by XRD for the oxides up to 30% of Sn. Particle size measurements of the solid dispersed in acetone and SEM
study for microstructure showed that the oxides were in the nano range (55-75 nm) whereas the size range determined from Debye-Scherrer
equation were 11–24 nm. 相似文献
159.
In this paper we develop and compare several heuristic methods for solving the general two-dimensional cutting stock problem.
We follow the Gilmore-Gomory column generation scheme in which at each iteration a new cutting pattern is obtained as the
solution of a subproblem on one stock sheet. For solving this subproblem, in addition to classical dynamic programming, we
have developed three heuristic procedures of increasing complexity, based on GRASP and Tabu Search techniques, producing solutions
differing in quality and in time requirements. In order to obtain integer solutions from the fractional solutions of the Gilmore-Gomory
process, we compare three rounding procedures, rounding up, truncated branch and bound and the solution of a residual problem.
We have coded and tested all the combinations of algorithms and rounding procedures. The computational results obtained on
a set of randomly generated test problems show their relative efficiency and allow the potential user to choose from among
them, according to the available computing time.
Rceived: January 9, 2001 / Accepted: December 10, 2001 相似文献
160.
Sousa E.S. Jovanovic V.M. Daigneault C. 《Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on》1994,43(4):837-847
The paper describes a set of measurements performed in the Toronto area, in order to assess the impact of multipath propagation on the performance of the TIA IS-54 digital standard. Five existing cells were systematically surveyed: two in downtown Toronto, two in the suburbs, and one in a suburban/rural area. A sweeping correlator apparatus with a 0.1 μs resolution and 910 MHz carrier frequency, and an omnidirectional antenna was used. In one of the cells, the measurements were repeated with a 60 degree beamwidth directional antenna. A fairly sophisticated thresholding technique was applied in order to reduce the impact of noise. Generally, the measurements with the omnidirectional antenna exhibit multipath propagation with considerably smaller excess delays than some reported, but are consistent with earlier results obtained in the U.S. and Europe. Sectorization was found to considerably reduce the multipath effects. Very large delay components appear to be due mostly to the combination of large transmitter-receiver distances and a large degree of shadowing, and could probably be avoided to a large extent by standard cellular engineering techniques. In view of these results, it seems that the long delay (high selectivity) problem has been somewhat overemphasized in the past, at least for areas like Toronto. Problems associated with short delays (flat fading), on the contrary, appear to have been underestimated in the case of dense urban environments 相似文献